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Scaffolding Information Literacy for the Online

Student

Leslie MurthaBranch Campus Librarian

Regina Van EppsAssistant Professor of Literature and Composition

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◦ Serves Atlantic County and Cape May County◦ 7500 students in degree programs◦ 26+ degree programs◦ @75 % begin in developmental programs◦ 2000+ Students enrolled in online courses◦ 2 professional librarians serving 3 campuses

and all distance education programs

Who We Are: Atlantic Cape Community College

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Students enrolled in distance learning programs are entitled to access to library resources and

services, including user education, that is comparable to on-campus

access.

Standards for Distance Learning Library Services

"Standards for Distance Learning Library Services", American Library Association, September 1, 2006. http://www.ala.org/acrl/standards/guidelinesdistancelearning. Web 21November 2012. Document ID: afcce136-a64c-6094-6de0-7ad1550814c4.

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A collection of self-paced tutorials◦ Provide expanded opportunities for

learning◦ Cover concepts and processes◦ Utilize modular design for flexibility

in teaching and learning Suitable for use with many classes Flexible sequencing

◦ May be assigned as part of course work or used as tools for review and independent learning

Research Instruction for Distance Learners

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Introduction to Library Services: completed and implemented

Remote Access: completed and implemented. Citing Your Sources (Unit I): completed and

implemented and assessed Introduction to Research: undergoing editing and

revision for implementation in Spring semester Citing Your Sources (Unit II): a work in progress Other topics in planning stages

Building a Research Curriculum

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Development tools and resources◦ Base platforms: MS PowerPoint, Blackboard CMS◦ Accessories: MS Paint, WordPad◦ Freeware: Jing, Wink, Easy Thumbnails, Survey

Monkey◦ Graphics: MS Office Clip Art Collection, Google

Images Cost: developers’ time

Technology: Using the Tools at Hand

Wink.lnkEasy Thumbnails.lnk

Criteria for successful implementation◦ Free plug-in players◦ Fast, easy download◦ No special hardware or software by end users◦ Simple instructions◦ Easy navigation

Technology

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Tutorial: Citing Your Sources: Understanding Citation

Content:◦ Frames citation as a cultural practice◦ Explains role of citation in education community◦ Introduction to citation process◦ Introduction to style manuals and formatting rules

3 Sections Comprehensive review 3 forms of assessment

Pilot Project

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After completing the tutorial, students will be able to:

Learning Objectives

◦ Define citation◦ Identify conditions under which citation is

required◦ List 4 key purposes of citation◦ Describe the relationship between in-text

citations and works cited

◦ Explain the purpose of a style manual◦ Recognize key identification elements for a

variety of information formats◦ Apply good citation practices

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Explanatory instruction: building foundations

Cultural differences acknowledged Learning styles: visual and verbal learners Introduction to meta-language Self-paced Requires application of knowledge

Pedagogy

Advance organizer Visual enhancements Humorous illustrations Animations for movement and emphasis Pervasive modeling of citation Some (limited) interactivity Summary Review

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Examples from Understanding

Citations

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Advance Organizer

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In this lesson, we will cover◦What citation is,◦Why it’s important,◦How citations work,◦When citations are used, and,◦Getting started with citation styles.

Understanding Citation: Introduction

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Visual Emphasis

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Whenever you make use ofthe words or ideas of other people, or work done by others, or facts discovered or published by others, you must give them credit for their work.

What is Citation?

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Connecting In-Text Citations to Works Cited

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ExampleOriginal Source

citation

Summary of first 3

paragraphs of article

My text

According to the New York Times,prominent business leaders have come forward in support of legislation to legalize single-sex marriage, citing the competitive advantages (Confessore 23). This is a significant change from the past, when corporations have fought to deny benefits to same-sex couples.

Signal phrase introducing the source

document

My commentsThis is where I analyze and

interpret the borrowed information for my readers.

Works CitedConfessore, N. “Business Leaders, in

Letter, Will Urge Albany to Legalize Gay Marriage.” New York Times, 29 April 2011: 23. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Sept. 2012.

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My text

According to the New York Times, prominent business leaders have come forward in support of legislation to legalize single-sex marriage, citing the competitive advantages (Confessore 23). This is a significant change from the past, when corporations have fought to deny benefits to same-sex couples.

Works Cited

Confessore, N. “Business Leaders, in Letter, Will Urge Albany to Legalize Gay Marriage.” New York Times, 29 April 2011: 23. Academic Search Premier. Web. 18 Sept. 2012.

Example

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Humor and Metaphor

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Establishing Authority

No, not that kind of authority.

Intellectual authority.

Policeman. Microsoft Office Image Collection

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More Citation Examples

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Example 2

Direct quote of first bullet point

Health officials state, “Approximately 17% (or 12.5 million) of children and adolescents aged 2—19 years are obese” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention).

Original Source

In-text citation

Signal Phrase Works CitedCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. “Childhood Overweight and

Obesity: Data and Statistics.” Health and Safety Topics: Diseases and Conditions. United States. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011. Web. 18 Sept. 2012.

Government agency as

author

Standard MLA

citation

Works CitedCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. “Childhood Overweight and

Obesity: Data and Statistics.” Health and Safety Topics: Diseases and Conditions. United States. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011. Web. 18 Sept. 2012. < http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html>.

If your instructor

wants to see a URL

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Graphics as Examples

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What types of sources must be cited?

Written texts (including online documents).

Drawings, photos, pictures or other graphic images or works of art of any kind.

Polar Bear and City Skyline. Microsoft Office Image Collection. Provided by iStock Photo

Tiger Cub. Microsoft Office Image Collection. Provided by iStock Photo.

Statistics and other numerical data.

Bureau of the Census. "2010 Demographic Profile: NJ." Population Finder. http://www.census.gov/popfinder/.

Conversations, e-mail and other electronic communications.

Conversation Animation. Microsoft Office Image Collection.

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Interactivity

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There are many other styles used by more advanced scholars.

Click a journal cover to see an example. Knowing how one style works makes it

easier to decipher citations in another style.

What are Citation Styles?

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Collaborative Development

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Collaboration between librarian and member of English/Writing faculty

Starting point: a rough draft Collaborative editing and rewriting

Development Process Revised chunking and sequencing of

content Expanded illustration, reduced text density Added examples and enhanced

explanations

Refined language Added visual emphasis Improved navigation tools Developed assessment tools

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Goal, Objective, Outcome, Rubric

English 101

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To enable students to write clear, well-developed essays and to become aware of and learn from their own process of writing

Goal

Students will utilize a variety of resources to support their learning and will cite all sources using correct MLA or APA methods

Objective

Students’ written work will show an awareness of an academic audience and will employ correct grammar and MLA or APA format and documentation.

Learning Outcome

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Collaborative writing/information literacy project

Expository essay Sources: minimum of 2 scholarly journals

and qualified online sources Tutorial assigned at the beginning of the

writing process

Implementation

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Rubric criterion measures students’ ability to ◦retrieve qualified research and ◦use research as support for topical ideas

◦apply tutorial’s instructions for integrating source material into an essay with proper documentation procedures.

Expository Essay

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Blackboard-embedded quiz (online) Paper and pencil quiz (on campus)

◦ Comprehension◦ Retention

Survey◦ Student perceptions of learning experience◦ Self-efficacy

Writing Project◦ Authentic assessment – application of learning

Assessment

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Outcomes

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Outcomes

13-14 15-16 17-18 19-200%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

Assessment of Students' Understanding of Citations Based on Quiz Scores

On-Campus StudentsOff-Campus Students

Quiz Scores

29%

71%

Understanding of CitationsOn-Campus Students

13-14

15-16

17-18

19-20

Quiz Scores

7%4%

37%52%

Understanding of CitationsOff-Campus Students

13-1415-1617-1819-20

Quiz Scores

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2 points 1 point 0 points -1 point0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

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Increase in Self-EfficacySurvey Questions 2 & 3

3 points 2.75 points

2.5 points

2.25 points

2 points 1.75 points

1.5 points

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

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Perceived Knowledge GainSurvey Questions 1, 4-6

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49%

48%

3%

excellent

very good

good

okay

not very helpful

Overall Satisfaction with Tutorial

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60%

13%

13%

13%

Essay GradesOn-Campus Students

A

B

C

D

F

50%29%

4%4%

14%

Essay GradesOff-Campus Students

A

B

C

D

F

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Understanding Citation◦ Review assessment results and make suitable

revisions The Research Process: Getting started

◦ Complete editing and revisions◦ Develop assessment instruments◦ Implement with English 102 in Spring semester

Continue developing additional tools Add sound and embedded video for

multimodal instruction.

Next Steps

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Questions?