Leisure ServiceLeisure Service ProvidProvidersers

Voluntary Sector Voluntary Sector 志願性志願性部門部門

Voluntary SectorVoluntary Sector

FunctionsFunctions 功能功能 : enabling and coordi: enabling and coordinating rolesnating rolesFundingFunding 財源財源 : : contribution by the pcontribution by the public/members and government subublic/members and government subsidysidyIssueIssue 議題議題 : blurring between comme: blurring between commercial and voluntary organizationsrcial and voluntary organizations

Two PerceptionsTwo Perceptions

A body of volunteersA body of volunteers 志工志工 : people doi: people doing unpaid work in their ownng unpaid work in their own leisure tileisure timeme, using their energy, skills, and ofte, using their energy, skills, and often their money because it givesn their money because it gives satisfacsatisfactiontion and because they want to, and because they want to, p. 164p. 164Volunteering Volunteering 志工主義志工主義 : giving services : giving services to othersto others

Not-for-profit providersNot-for-profit providers: a collectio: a collection of societies, charities, association of societies, charities, associations, organizations and clubs of manns, organizations and clubs of many kinds…with leisure and recreatioy kinds…with leisure and recreation a significantn a significant elementelement 休閒與遊憩休閒與遊憩為一重要元素為一重要元素

p. 164-165p. 164-165

Social capitalSocial capital 社會資本社會資本 : : 社會網絡社會網絡 (s(social networks)ocial networks) 之間的連結之間的連結 connectconnectionsions, is a core concept in business, , is a core concept in business, economics, organizational behavioeconomics, organizational behavior, political science, and sociology. r, political science, and sociology. The core idea “thatThe core idea “that social networsocial networks have value ks have value 價值價值 ..

GirlguidingGirlguiding – the UK’s largest volu– the UK’s largest voluntary organization for girls and yontary organization for girls and young womenung women

Volunteers Volunteers 義工義工

Four types of volunteering: p. 166Four types of volunteering: p. 166 Altruistic Altruistic 利他主義利他主義 as giving of time as giving of time and effort unselfishly to help othersand effort unselfishly to help othersMarket Market 市場導向市場導向 as giving somethinas giving something freely, but expecting something in g freely, but expecting something in returnreturn

Cause-serving volunteeringCause-serving volunteering as proas promoting a cause in which one believmoting a cause in which one believesesLeisure as Leisure as primarilyprimarily seeking a seeking a leisuleisure experiencere experience – – serious leisureserious leisure 認真認真休閒休閒（（持續參與志願性組織持續參與志願性組織）） , p. 167, p. 167

Serious Leisure Serious Leisure 認真休閒認真休閒

The The systematic pursuitsystematic pursuit 系統性追求系統性追求 of an aof an amateur, hobbyist, or volunteer activity thamateur, hobbyist, or volunteer activity that participants find so substantial and intert participants find so substantial and interesting that, in the typical case, they launcesting that, in the typical case, they launch themselves on ah themselves on a career centeredcareer centered on on acqacquiring and expressing its special skillsuiring and expressing its special skills 技能技能 ,, knowledge knowledge 知識知識 , and experience, and experience

Casual Leisure Casual Leisure 閒逸閒逸

The The immediatelyintrinsically rewarimmediatelyintrinsically rewardingding, relatively, relatively short-lived short-lived pleasurapleasurable activity requiring little or no speble activity requiring little or no special training to enjoy it – play, relaxcial training to enjoy it – play, relaxation, passive/active entertainment,ation, passive/active entertainment, sociable conversation, and sensory sociable conversation, and sensory stimulation (sex, eating, drinking)stimulation (sex, eating, drinking)

Community BenefitsCommunity Benefits 社社區效益 區效益 by Volunteersby Volunteers

Shared learningShared learningContribute to communityContribute to communityDevelopment of camaraderie, feeliDevelopment of camaraderie, feelingng connected to communityconnected to communityEnhancement of individual knowleEnhancement of individual knowledgedge about the community, p. 167about the community, p. 167

DimensionsDimensions 向度 向度 of volof volunteerunteer

Free choiceFree choice

RemunerationRemuneration

StructureStructure

Intended beneficiariesIntended beneficiariesp. 167p. 167

Volunteers provide essential Volunteers provide essential

assistance in schools, arts, assistance in schools, arts,

sports, library, museums, sports, library, museums,

events, youth and community events, youth and community

organizationsorganizations

Clubs / Association ManClubs / Association Managementagement 俱樂部管理俱樂部管理

All the clubs tend to beAll the clubs tend to be exclusiveexclusiveClubs are not static, but changing, orClubs are not static, but changing, organizations p. 169ganizations p. 169Clubs displayClubs display similaritiessimilarities in behaviorin behaviorClubs are dependent onClubs are dependent on support sersupport servicesvices such as premisessuch as premises

Range of Voluntary Range of Voluntary OrganizationsOrganizations

Table 10.2 p. 170Table 10.2 p. 170The disadvantaged groupsThe disadvantaged groups 弱勢團體弱勢團體Activity groupsActivity groupsEducational organizationsEducational organizationsConsumer groupsConsumer groupsCounseling organizationsCounseling organizationsReligiousReligious

The range of organizations is wide The range of organizations is wide and diversifiedand diversifiedEconomic value of formal volunteeEconomic value of formal volunteeringring 義工的經濟價值義工的經濟價值

Engaging in the Engaging in the Public and PrivatePublic and Private

Joint arrangementsJoint arrangements 聯合聯合 , p. 172, p. 172Private and voluntaryPrivate and voluntaryVoluntary and publicVoluntary and publicPrivate and publicPrivate and publicNational Funding BodiesNational Funding Bodies

Volunteering in Sports Volunteering in Sports and Artsand Arts 運動與藝術志工運動與藝術志工

Sports promotionSports promotionArtsArts

Issues regarding volunteIssues regarding volunteersers 相關議題相關議題

Not enough people p. 175Not enough people p. 175Work being increasingly left to a feWork being increasingly left to a few peoplew peopleCoaching trainingCoaching trainingProfessionalism within clubsProfessionalism within clubs

Legislative change (safety) Legislative change (safety) Junior developmentJunior developmentAttracting sponsorship and fundinAttracting sponsorship and fundingg

Volunteers need?Volunteers need?

Have a key role in UK sport, they need:Have a key role in UK sport, they need:Assistance to help motivation, retentAssistance to help motivation, retention and recruitmention and recruitmentOngoing supportOngoing supportOpportunities for training and develOpportunities for training and developmentopment

Charities and Leisure TrCharities and Leisure Trustsusts 慈善信託 慈善信託 p. 179p. 179一組織要被認定為慈善的標準如下一組織要被認定為慈善的標準如下 ::

The relief of poverty The relief of poverty 會會The advancement of educationThe advancement of educationThe advancement of religionThe advancement of religionOther purposes beneficial to theOther purposes beneficial to the

p. 179p. 179

the Recreational Charities Act, the Recreational Charities Act,

19581958

Provide or help to provide Provide or help to provide

facilities for recreation or other facilities for recreation or other

leisure-time occupation, but the leisure-time occupation, but the

facilities must be provided “in facilities must be provided “in

the interest of social welfarethe interest of social welfare

Role of local Role of local authorityauthority

TrusteeshipTrusteeshipCoordinateCoordinateSupportSupportChange to charities p. 184Change to charities p. 184

p. 185p. 185

官股及財務補助官股及財務補助Local authority controlled compLocal authority controlled companiesaniesArm’s length companiesArm’s length companiesLocal authority influenced compLocal authority influenced companiesanies

Factors for Company ReFactors for Company Recreation creation 公司遊憩公司遊憩The provision of private facilities for the wThe provision of private facilities for the w

orkforce as private individuals p. 186orkforce as private individuals p. 186PhilanthropyPhilanthropyFitness for workFitness for workReduction in staff turnoverReduction in staff turnoverCompany imageCompany imageEmployee pressureEmployee pressure

p. 188p. 188

Joint-provision between Joint-provision between

industry and local authorities industry and local authorities

for use by both employees for use by both employees

and the communityand the community

How much in Taiwan?How much in Taiwan?