ABI , KELSEY, SAM, TAYLOR, VARUN, TORI

Legionary Soldier

Basic Facts

Each soldier was a Roman citizen.They agreed to be a part of the military for 25

years.All soldiers were trained in infantry warfare. Some were architects, doctors, carpenters, etc.Soldiers built camps and bridges.A legion normally consists of 5,000 foot soldiers.

More Basic Facts

Augustus reorganized the Roman army into a standing army rather than volunteers.

He also made 28 legions. The legion was divided into Cohorts which were divided into

centuries. Centuries consisted of 80 men.

Legions could march 20 miles a day. Legion soldiers were not allowed to marry.

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RECRUITMENT

Roman citizenMedical examinationWell-being of Roman state depends on the recruitmentsAppearance:

AwarenessStrong, manly posture: strong, leanPhysical and mental strength

REQUIRMENTS

Legion: a division of the Roman armyShould all be Roman citizensMade up of 3,000-6,000 soldiers

Legion recruited by an army commanderHe was given the task by the SenateExample: Augustus reorganizing the

Roman army He wanted an army rather than volunteersEnded up with 28 legions

FACTS

Justin Bland, Ellie Girma, Anna Litchfield, Jay Patel, Anthony Rudolph, Jonathan Yntema

TRAINING, ARMOR, AND WEAPONS

ARMOR AND TRAINING

• Soldiers were taught to thrust with their swords, instead of cutting with them.

• Typical weaponry was a sword on the right, a dagger on the left, a javelin, and a shield.

• The Legionary soldier wore segmented armor of metal strips with leather straps and buckled straps over a woolen tunic.

• When the recruit could handle his weapons and was physically fit, he was required to go on route marches on which he had to carry armor, weapons, and a pack weighing around 90 lbs.

• Daggers were carried by Roman Legionary soldiers, not usually for combat, but more as a symbol of their social status and were elaborately decorated.

• Most soldiers had marks on their chins from the helmets that they wore.

• The shape of the javelin made it so that when a shield was penetrated, it could not be removed and rendered the shield useless.

LIFE AND WORK OF A SOLDIER

• Soldiers spent most of their time building and road-making, or on leave.• Soldiers were given duty rosters on papyrus.• Letters have been found, written on wax and

wooden tablets.• Soldiers worked the pottery kilns, the bakery, and

the brewery, built a bath house and a hospital, and made shields and swords

LIFE AND WORK OF A SOLDIER CONT

• Daggers were used mostly for show, but were also there in case a sword was lost.• Christianity was slow to enter the Roman army• The armor of the different armies was

characterized by the region the armies were from

Pay & Promotion

Pay• Initially, a soldier received 225 denarii per year• Domitian raised it to 300 denarii per year• The soldier only received ¼ of this after having

to pay for food, clothing, and equipment. • 1 denarii is roughly worth $20 USD, so that

would be around $6,000 USD

Promotion

• Any soldier could hope for promotion • If promoted, the soldier would be paid more and

given other benefits such as being exempt from duties that a regular soldier would be responsible for.

• After 20-25 years of service, a soldier would be given an honorable discharge with 3,000 denarii and land.

The Auxiliaries

By: David Draper, Sharim Khan, Gowan Moise, Brittany Pioso,

Ayesa Mir

Specialized troops in the Roman army

Archers from Arabia, slingers from Majorca and Minorca

Most important- cavalry Protected the center legionnaires, launched

attacks, pursued enemies Paid less than the average legionnaire

Granted citizenship to the Roman empire after service

What is an Auxiliary Soldier?

Non-Roman citizens recruited from conquests

Served for 25 years in Roman army “Auxilium”- “help” in Latin

Auxiliaries are defined as “help soldiers” Recruited into “quingenaria” (500 men)

and “milliaria” (1000 men) Split in 80-100 under a centurion

Mainly used for garrison of forts and policing duties

Life of an Auxiliary

Infantry-most common auxiliary soldier

Chain mail shirt-carried sword, dagger, spear w/oval shield

Cavalry- recruited from tribes good with horses

Spear and oval shield w/multiple javelins attached to the saddles-used a sword for combat

Arms and Armor