Legal Studies Module 7

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22/03/2012 JAMALUDIN YAAKOB 1
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CONTENT

Learning Outcomes

Introduction

Statutory Provisions

Types of Disposal

Persons Land may be

disposed off

Alienation

Reservation

Lease of Reserved Land

Temporary Occupation

License

Permits

22/03/2012 JAMALUDIN YAAKOB

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Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lecture students should be able to:

Explain the procedure of land alienation andregistration;

Explain the provisions for reversion of alienatedland;

Discuss the issues relating to temporary occupationlicence; and

Discuss the extent of primary rights enjoy by aregistered land owner under the NLC 1965; and


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Introduction

Land is a valuable asset both to the state as well as toindividuals.

Citizens in a capitalist democratic country expect toown property (land).

The NLC 1965 contains express provisions empoweringthe State Authority to dispose of State Land in variousdegrees.

The 1965 Code sets out the power, procedure,conditions and rules relating to land ownership.

The 1965 Code does not recognised adversepossession of State Land.


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General

Reversion

Extent of

Disposal

Alienation

Titles
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General


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Section 5

Section 40

Section 41

Section 42

Section 43

Definitions (keywords)

Property in state land, minerals & rock materials

Powers of disposal of & rights reversion

Powers of disposal

Persons land may be disposed of

Section 48 No adverse possession against the state
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Extent of Disposal


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Section 44

Section 45

Extent of disposal (general)

Extent of disposal (minerals, rock

materials and forest produce)


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Reversion


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Section 46

Section 46A

Section 47

Reversion, etc., to the State Authority

Reversion (undivided share)

Reversion (building)

Section 49 Reversion (Effect of advance/retreatof sea


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Reversion


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Section 50

Section 46A

Section 47

Power of State Authority to extend time

Reversion (undivided share)

Reversion (building)


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Section 5

Disposal Document of

title

Land office title

Proprietor

Registry title

State Authority

TemporaryOccupationLicence

Alienate final document

of title

Mukim grant

Qualified title

Reserved land

State land


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Alienated Land

final title

Mukim lease

Registerdocument of

title

Restriction in

interest

State lease


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Types of Disposal


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Section 42(1)

Alienation

Reservation

Lease

Permits

Sections 76, 77, 81 & 82, Part Five (A)

Sections 62 & 64

Section 63

Sections 70-75 (75A75G)

TOL Sections 65 - 69


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Persons Land may be disposed off


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(a)

(b)

(d)

(c)

Section 43

Natural persons

Corporations

Bodies under any other written law

empowered to hold land

Sovereigns, governments, organisations under

Diplomatic & Consular Privileges Ordinance 195


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Persons to whom land cannot be disposed off


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Mental DisordersOrdinance 1952

Bankruptcy Act1967

Article 34 FederalConstitution

Insane person

Bankrupt

Yang DiPertuan Agong


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Alienation


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Introduction

Statutory

Provisions

Meaning of

Alienation

Procedure of

Alienation

Condition &Restriction

Registration of

Titles

Extent of

Alienation

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Definitions
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Introduction

Alienation is the most important type of disposal in

relation to the other methods of disposal.

A person that is registered as the alienated land owner

gets to own the land and enjoy the ownership. The NLC contains provisions relating to every aspect of

the ownership.

For example the registered owner enjoys primary(natural) rights and secondary (acquired) rights.


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DIVISION II PART 5 CHAPTER 1 - 3

Chapter 1 Introduction Ss. 76 - 78

Chapter 2 Approval Ss. 79 - 82

Chapter 3 Final Title Ss. 83 - 92

DIVISION II PART 5A Ss. 92A - 92I

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Meaning of Alienation


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Section 5

Alienate: to dispose of State Land in

perpetuity or for a term of years, in

consideration for payment of rent, and

otherwise in accordance to section 76

Section 76 Meaning of alienation

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Alienation Procedure

The 1965 Code does not indicate specifically theprocedure the State Authority should follow whenmaking alienation.

The SA gets its power from section 42 of the Code.

Section 48 rules that there can be no adverse possessionagainst the State.

However, all state administration have their own

procedures. The power to alienate land rests with the SA. The

executory body of the SA is the State Executive Council.


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Alienation Procedure

Generally, the SA may alienate land either on its owndecision or on application.


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Sidek bin Haji Mohamad & 461 Ors. v. The Govt.of the State of Perak & Ors.

Teh Bee v. Maruthamuthu

Seri Connolly v PTG Perak

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Condition and Restriction

Condition here refers to the power of the SA to imposeexpress condition of land use at the time passing thealienation resolution (sections 52(3) and 120].

Restriction in interest refers to restraint of dealingsimposed by the SA at the time of alienation (section 120)

Dr. Ti Teow Seow & anor v. Pendaftar Geran-GeranTanah Negeri Selangor

Toh Huat Khay v Lim A Chang (in his capacity as theexecutor of the estate of Toh Hoy Khay, deceased)[2010] 4 MLJ 312


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Registration of Titles

The NLC 1965 is based on the Torrens System.

Raja Azlan Shah in Teh Bee v. Maruthamuthu said that

under the Torrens System the registration is everything.

Thus when the SA alienates land, the registration is

concluded by the issuance of document title.


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Titles


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Section

77(1)

a) Final Title (Registry/Land Office Title); &

b) Qualified Title

Section77(2)

a) From Qualified Title to Final Title(surveyed under section 396)

Section

77(3)

a) Appropriate for Registry Title

b) Appropriate for Land Office TitleFinal Title

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Definitions


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Disposal

State Land

StateAuthority

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Disposal


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Section 5

Any disposal of land made by the State Authority in the

exercise of any of the powers conferred by section 42

Therefore:

Disposal is a method used by State Authority to enable

people to acquire a variety degree of rights with respectto State Land.

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All land in the State, including

so much of the bed of any river

foreshore, and

seabed

Within the territory of the State or

territorial waters, but excluding

Alienated

Reserved landMining land

Forest reserve

State Land


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Section 5

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All land in the State, including

so much of the bed of any river

foreshore, and

seabed

Within the territory of the State or

territorial waters, but excluding

Alienated

Reserved landMining land

Forest reserve

State Authority


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Section 5

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Extent of Alienation


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Section 44

Section 45

Extent of disposal: general

Extent of disposal : minerals, rock

materials and forest produce

(a) Air space

(b) Right of support

(c) Right of access

NaturalRights

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Extent of Alienation


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Exclusive use and enjoyment of air space

Cujus est solum ejus est usque ad coelum et ad inferos

Whose is the soil, his is also that is above and below it.

Lacroix v. The Queen [1954] 4 DLR 470

Swetland v. Curtis Airport Corpn. (1932) 55 F 2nd201

Right of support in its natural state

Mdm Chah Siam v. Chop Choy Kong Kongsi [1939]

Guan Soon Tin Mining v. Ampang Estate Ltd [1973]

Documents

Legal Studies Module 7