Legal&PolicyIssuesDataONECommunityEngagement&OutreachWorking

Group

LegalandPolicyIssues

ImageAttribution:http://www.therealestatemedia.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/real-estate-investment-scam.jpg

LearningOutcomesAftercompletingthislesson,participantswillbeableto:

Identifyethical,legal,andpolicyissuesformanagingresearchdataDefinecopyrights,licensesandwaiversUnderstandreasonsbehinddatarestrictionsandhowtoobservethemDiscussethicalconsiderationssurroundingtheuseofresearchdata

SettingtheStageLegal–alawis“anywrittenorpositiveruleorcollectionofrulesprescribedundertheauthorityofthestateornation.”

e.g.,U.S.CopyrightActEthical–“beinginaccordancewiththerulesorstandardsforrightconductorpractice,especiallythestandardsofaprofession.”

e.g.,InstitutionalReviewBoard(IRB)&InstitutionalAnimalCareandUseCommittees(IACUC)

Policy-aspecified“courseofactionadoptedforthesakeofexpediency,facility,etc.”

e.g.,PaperworkReductionAct

ImageAttribution:https://theforevergreenstateofmind.files.wordpress.com/2012/07/lightbulb3.png

“Intellectualpropertyreferstocreationsofthemind,suchasinventions;literaryandartisticworks;designs;andsymbols,namesandimagesusedincommerce.”

IntellectualProperty(IP)

ImageAttribution:http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/41DS66B06KL.jpg

CopyrightPatentsTrademarksIndustrialDesigns

WhatdoesIPinclude?

YouAfunderStudent,scientist,researcher,PIAninstitutionAprivatecompanyNobody

ImageAttribution:http://www.ihomepm.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/727453_10231848.jpg

Whomightclaimcontroloverdata?

FunderagreementInstitutionalintellectualpropertypolicyPrivatecompanydatauseagreementAttachedlicense

ImageAttribution:http://cdn.gobankingrates.com/wp-content/uploads/nashville-housing-market-overview-300x238.jpg

IdentifyingOwnershipandControl

ForCreators:toderivebenefitasaresultoftheirwork

ForOthers:toavoidpotentiallegaltroubletoknowwheretogetpermissionforuse.

ImageAttribution:AttentionByViktorVorobyevattheNounProject

WhyDoesOwnership&ControlMatter?

CopyrightversusLicenseCopyright:“[T]hebodyofexclusiverightsgrantedbylawtocopyrightownersforprotectionoftheirwork.”--U.S.CopyrightOffice

FactsanddatacannotbeprotectedbycopyrightMetadataanddataarrangementcanbeprotected(sometimes)

License:stateswhatcanbedonewiththedataandhowthatdatacanberedistributed(e.g.,GeneralPublicLicense(GPL)andCreativeCommons(CC))

Waiver:(e.g.,CC0)relinquishesallrightsofownershiporcontrolandusuallycommitsthe“work”tothepublicdomain

Intellectualpropertylawswillvarydependinguponcountryorregion.

Copyrightisaprecursortohavingthepowertoassignlicensesorwaivers.

FactsandCopyrightFactscannotbeprotectedbycopyright,butwhatisafact?Currentcaselawdeterminesthelimits:

FeistPublications,Inc.vs.RuralTelephoneServiceCo.Bakerv.SeldonMillerv.UniversalStudios

ImageAttribution:http://www.romakerlaw.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/doctelportal.jpg

Whyuseanopenlicense?FacilitatedatasharinganddiscoveryIncreasevisibilityofyourdataAdvanceknowledge

CreativeCommonsCC0(notalicense,butawaiver)CCBY(Attribution)CCBY-ND(Attribution-NoDerivs)CCBY-NC(Attribution-NonCommercial)CCBY-SA(Attribution-ShareAlike)

Choosinganopenlicense

Copyrightvs.Copyleft“astrategyofutilizingcopyrightlawtopursuethepolicygoaloffosteringandencouragingtheequalandinalienablerighttocopy,share,modifyandimprovecreativeworksofauthorship.”(copyleft.org)

AttributionStackingCCBYrequiresallderivativeworkstoacknowledgeallcontributorstoallworksfromwhichtheyarederived.

RedistributionCCBY-SArequiresallworksthatderivefromaworkdesignatedBY-SAmustbedistributedunderthesamelicense.

OtherConsiderations

Whenusingdata

GivecredittothedataauthorsBeresponsiblewiththedataSharewhatyoulearnedRespecttheDataLicenseorWaiverUnderstandandfollowanyrestrictionsorregulations

ImageAttribution:http://soctheory.iheartsociology.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/IMG02369-20111028-1602.jpg

NormsforDataUse

ImageAttribution:https://www.flickr.com/photos/michaelgallagher/14592386702/

Understandyourfunder/institutionpoliciesondatasharing

ReviewyourIRBprotocolsandapprovalsRemovepersonaldata

Usingsomeoneelse’sdataGivecreditRespectthelicenseProtectthedataappropriately

EthicalUseofData

DatainvolvesthreatenedandendangeredspeciesNationalsecurityandclassifiedresearchExportcontrols

CanapplytotechnologiesanddataUseofHumanSubjects

PersonallyidentifiableinformationofanykindE.g.,HealthInsurancePortabilityandAccountabilityAct(HIPAA)asgoverninglawforpersonalhealthinformation

ImageAttribution:https://www.iconfinder.com/icons/40968/folder_red_restricted_icon

Whymightdatauseorsharingberestricted?

BeAwareofRegulationsRangeofregulationsmediatinghowresearchersinteractwithdataorobjectsofdatacollection(e.g.,humans,animals;consultIRBorIACUC)Constraintsarounddatamanagement(e.g.,cloudservices,softwareagreements,etc.)Institutionalpolicyreviewprocesses(e.g.PaperworkReductionAct)Openvs.proprietary–someinstitutions(e.g.,universities)mayneedtowaiverightstopermitopenaccess.

ImageAttribution:http://www.charlottecriminallawyer-blog.com/files/2013/12/Surveillance-Camera.jpg

Involves:

WhatwecancollectandhowHowwesharedata,resultsandoutcomesReuseofhumansubjectdataDatastorageanddestruction

IRBinterpretationsandreviewacrossinstitutionsarenotalwaysconsistent

PrivacyandSecurity

Privacyvs.ConfidentialityPrivacy

Protectsaccesstoindividuals(orentities)Confidentiality

ProtectsaccesstoinformationaboutindividualsCanbethoughtofasinformationprivacy

SummaryKnowwhocanclaimownershiporcontroloverdataproductsAssignlicensesorwaiversappropriatelyBehaveethicallyandinaccordancewithestablishedcommunitynormsRespectthelicensesorwaiversassignedProtectprivacyandconfidentialityKnowwhatrestrictionsandliabilitiesapplytoproductsandprocesses

ResourcesFrequentlyaskedquestionsaboutPRA/InformationCollection.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://www.hhs.gov/ocio/policy/collection/infocollectfaq.html.CreativeCommons.AccessedJune26,2015athttps://creativecommons.org.Normsfordatauseandpublication.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://www.Vertnet.org/resources/norms.html.Exportcontrols.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/export-controls.Protectedgroups.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://www.uidaho.edu/ora/committees/irb/protectedgroups.Healthinformationprivacy.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://www.hhs.gov/ocr/privacy.

Resources,continuedProtectingpersonalhealthinformationinresearch:understandingtheHIPAAprivacyrule.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://privacyruleandresearch.nih.gov/pr_02.asp.InformationLiability.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://www.law.fsu.edu/journals/lawreview/downloads/263/phil.pdf.GuidelinesforResponsibleDataManagementinScientificResearch.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://ori.hhs.gov/education/products/clinicaltools/data.pdfWhoOwnsResearchData?AccessedJune26,2015athttp://ori.dhhs.gov/education/products/columbia_wbt/rcr_data/case/index.html#2ConstructingAccessPermissions.AccessedJune26,2015athttp://libweb.uoregon.edu/datamanagement/sharingdata.html#three

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