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LEGACY OF WWII
END OF THE WAR
War in Europe
ends May 8, 1945
War in the Pacific ends
September 2, 1945
OCCUPATION & REBUILDING
The United States occupied Japan for several
years following the end of WWII to help
recover Japan’s economy.
Most of Europe was destroyed by WWII and
the economies of European countries were
in need of help.
The U.S. would remain in Europe to help get
countries back on their feet.
MARSHALL PLAN
Secretary of State, George C. Marshall,
developed a plan to help Europe recover and
rebuild after the war. Over $13 billion was
given to the nations of Europe. Money was
especially given to nations that pledged to
reject communism.
George C. Marshall
AT HOME
After the soldiers returned from war, they and the
country faced several issues
Job availability and educational needs
Lack of housing
In 1944, President Roosevelt passed the G.I. Bill of
Rights, which provided money for education and other
living expenses for returning veterans
BOUNDARY CHANGES IN EUROPE
After the end of the war a conference was held in
Potsdam, Germany to set up peace treaties.
The countries that fought with Hitler lost territory and
had to pay reparations to the Allies.
Germany and its capital, Berlin, were divided into four
parts. The zones were to be controlled by Great
Britain, the United States, France and the Soviet Union.
RISE OF COMMUNISM
Many nations after the war were economically
in ruin, which led to social changes. As a result,
many countries turned to communism to repair
the damage done to their country during WWII.
Communism is an economic system where the
government controls all areas of the economy.
There is no private ownership.
Soviet Union Flag Chinese Flag
DEMOCRACY V. COMMUNISM
NATO WARSAW PACT
Military alliance
created by the United
States for countries in
Western Europe
Wanted to prevent
the spread of
communism
Soviet’s response to
NATO
Military alliance for
eight countries in
Eastern Europe
Served as a mutual
defense organization
UNITED NATIONS
The United Nations (UN) was an organization
of several countries. The member nations
would work together to solve their differences
and keep the peace.
UN Headquarters - NYCUN Flag
ATOMIC AGE
The Atomic Age began after the
atomic bombs were tested and
dropped in WWII and lasted throughout
the Cold War.
The United States and the Soviet Union were
competing with each other to be the most
powerful nations in the world. To do this, both
countries began stockpiling nuclear weapons
and competing with each other in technology.
THE “FINAL SOLUTION”
The Final Solution was the German’s attempt to cover
up war crimes of the Holocaust by eliminating the
Jewish people.
Jews and other people from select groups were
isolated and sent to concentration camps, were
starved, and most were executed.
The Final Solution was a regional genocide.
Killed about 6 million Jews, or 2/3 of Jews in
Europe
NUREMBURG TRIALS
After the Potsdam Conference, the Allies
decided to put German war criminals on trial at
Nuremburg, Germany.
The defendants included some of Hitler's top
officials. They were charged with crimes against
humanity for the Nazi’s murder of millions of
people in the Holocaust.
CREATION OF ISRAEL
In response to the Holocaust, the UN created
the state of Israel in 1948 as a homeland for
Jews in Palestine.
Many Arabs living in Palestine and other
neighboring Arab countries joined the
Palestinians in their opposition to Israel. This
led to a series of wars between Israel and
several Arab countries in the Middle East.