Bugema University Arua Bugema University Arua CampusCampusDICT 052 Windows Operating DICT 052 Windows Operating System ConceptsSystem Concepts

Lecture one : Introducing Lecture one : Introducing Virtualization and working with ISO Virtualization and working with ISO imagesimages

Lecturer: Tembo OliverPhone: 0781627117Email: olivertmb@gmail.com

Learning ObjectivesLearning ObjectivesBy the end of this lecture the student

will,Understand the concept of

virtualizationRecognize the benefits of using

virtualizationUnderstand ISO images and their usesComprehend the relationship between

virtual machine creation and ISO images

Learning OutcomesLearning OutcomesBy the end of this lecture the

student be able toInstall VMWare workstation 9 and

create a windows 7 virtual machineUse ISO software like UltraISO or

PowerISO to Create an ISO image from a CD/DVD

Mount an ISO image onto a virtual drive

What is Virtualization?What is Virtualization?Allows multiple operating systems to

run on the same physical computer at the same time

A software environment that emulates a computer’s hardware and BIOS

Virtual machine software creates this environment

Virtual machine – a Virtual machine – a definitiondefinitionA virtual machine (VM) is a software-

based emulation of a computer. Virtual machines operate based on the

computer architecture and functions of a real or hypothetical computer.

Therefore a virtual machine (VM) is a software implementation of a machine (i.e. a computer) that executes programs like a physical machine

Why virtual machines are Why virtual machines are usefulusefulMultiple OS environments can co-

exist on the same computer, in strong isolation from each other

Run Windows on Linux (or Mac OS)Consolidate many different

workloads/guest OSes on one big machine (“server consolidation”)

We can migrate running virtual machines (VMs) running on one host to another

Disadvantages of VMsDisadvantages of VMsA virtual machine is less efficient than a

real machine when it accesses the hardware indirectly

When multiple VMs are concurrently running on the same physical host, each VM may exhibit a varying and unstable performance (speed of execution, and not results), which highly depends on the workload imposed on the system by other VMs, unless proper techniques are used for temporal isolation among virtual machines.

Virtual machine softwareVirtual machine softwareVirtual machine software provides the

ability to create virtual machinesIn this presentation, I will discuss:

◦VMware Workstation version 9Other products not discussed

◦Parallels (Mac) and VMware Fusion (Mac), VirtualBox (open source) Microsoft Virtual PC, Microsoft Hyper-V, VMware Vsphere, ESX

Virtual Machine Virtual Machine terminologyterminologyHost machine or host computer

◦ The computer on which the virtual machine software is installed (Virtual PC or VMWare, e.g.)

Virtual machine (VM) or Guest OS◦ The operating system that runs in virtual

machine software on the host computer◦ Comprised primarily of a configuration

file and one or more virtual hard drive files

Virtual Machine terminology Virtual Machine terminology (cont.)(cont.)Virtual disk

◦One or more files that reside on the host computer that make up the VM’s hard disk

Virtual network◦The network configuration used by the VM◦Options include: bridged, host only, NAT

and none◦VMs behave like just another computer on

the network

Virtual Machine terminology Virtual Machine terminology (cont.)(cont.)• Snapshot

• A partial copy of a VM at a particular moment in time. Allows you to ‘go back’ to the VM at that particular state. Some programs allow saving multiple snapshots.

BenefitsBenefitsTeach multiple operating systems with

a single host computer◦Students can ‘own’ their VM while having

minimal access to the host computer◦Multiple VMs can run simultaneously on

one host, networked and all (for example, a client and a server or two servers)

BenefitsBenefits• Easy maintenance and testing

• VM won’t boot or got deleted or corrupted? Copy another one.

• Snapshots allow unlimited ‘try this…’ scenarios with a quick return to the system state before you ‘tried it’.

BenefitsBenefits• Run multiple versions of software

• Teach Office 2007 while previewing Office 20xx by using two different VMs.

• For programming and database; write an application in one version and easily test on another version

Virtualization Virtualization requirementsrequirements• Supported host operating systems

(Windows XP Pro, Vista,7,8, Server 2003/2008, Linux)

• Sufficient RAM on your host computer to accommodate the host OS and the guest OSs you wish to run

• Sufficient CPU power• Sufficient hard drive space to

accommodate the stored VMs

Installing VMware Installing VMware Workstation 9Workstation 9Note: To install Workstation on a

Windows 7 host computer, you must log on as administrator.

If you are installing from a CD, put your CD in your CD-ROM drive, it will begin automatically.

If you are installing from a downloaded file, browse to the directory where you saved the downloaded installer file and run the installer. The file name is similar with this: VMware-workstation-full-7.1.3-324285.exe.

Further notesFurther notesI have prepared a tutorial for

installing VMware and creating your first virtual machine – you can contact your class representative

Alternatively you can follow the link below

http://www.wikihow.com/Install-VMware-Workstation-and-Create-a-Virtual-Machine-on-Your-PC

Introducing ISO ImagesIntroducing ISO ImagesAn ISO image is an archive file of

an optical disc, a type of disk image composed of the data contents of every written sector of an optical disc, including the optical disc file system

ISO image files usually have a file extension of .iso.

Introducing ISO Images Introducing ISO Images (cont.)(cont.)An ISO file, often called an ISO image,

is a single file, perfect representation of an entire CD, DVD, or BD.

The entire contents of a disc can be precisely duplicated in a single ISO file.

ISO image files are often used to distribute large programs over the Internet due to the fact that all of the program's files can be neatly contained as a single file - the ISO file.

ISO Images (cont.)ISO Images (cont.)The name ISO is taken from the

ISO 9660 file system used with CD-ROM media, but what is known as an ISO image might also contain a UDF (ISO/IEC 13346) file system (commonly used by DVDs and Blu-ray Discs).

ISO Images (cont.)ISO Images (cont.)ISO images can be created from

optical discs by disk imaging software, or from a collection of files by optical disc authoring software, or from a different disk image file by means of conversion

Software distributed on bootable discs is often available for download in ISO image format and, like any other ISO image, may be written on, or "burned" to, a CD or DVD with any capable software.

How to create and burn an How to create and burn an ISO fileISO fileEven Windows 8 and Windows 7 can

be purchased directly by Microsoft in ISO format.

You can follow this link to read about how to burn and create an ISO file

http://pcsupport.about.com/od/toolsofthetrade/ht/burnisofile.htm

http://pcsupport.about.com/od/software-tools/a/create-iso-image-file.htm

SummarySummaryWe have looked at Virtual Machines

and the ISO file format, these two are going to be partly the basis of our lab sessions and ultimately your practice.

It is therefore important that you understand and are comfortable using them

Have a great weekend