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11/1/2020 1 Electromagnetics: Microwave Engineering Luneburg Lens Outline What is a Luneburg lens? Numerical studies 2 Rudolf Karl Lüneburg 20 March 1903 – 19 August 1949

Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

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Page 1: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

1

Electromagnetics:

Microwave Engineering

Luneburg Lens

Outline

•What is a Luneburg lens?

•Numerical studies

2

Rudolf Karl Lüneburg20 March 1903 – 19 August 1949

Page 2: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

2

What is Luneburg Lens?

Slide 3

Definition of a Luneburg Lens

Slide 4

A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point on the opposite side of the lens.  Used in the opposite direction, it will collimate a point source placed at the edge of the lens.

2

r 2r

rR

radial position

radius of lens

r

R

2R

Page 3: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

3

Simulation of a Luneburg Lens

Slide 5

Ideal Luneburg Lens Effective Medium Luneburg Lens

Commercial Luneburg Lenses

Slide 6https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Parts_of_a_Luneburg_lens.jpg

Page 4: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

4

3D Printed Luneburg Lenses

Slide 7https://3dprintingindustry.com/news/lunewave‐3d‐printed‐lenses‐eyes‐autonomous‐cars‐120316/

Luneburg Lens at Optical Frequencies

Slide 8Zhao, Yuan-Yuan, et al. "Three-dimensional Luneburg lens at optical frequencies." Laser & Photonics Reviews 10.4 (2016): 665-672.

Page 5: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

5

Flat Luneburg Lens

Slide 9

Mateo-Segura, Carolina, et al. "Flat Luneburg lens via transformation optics for directive antenna applications." IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 62.4 (2014): 1945-1953.

Numerical Studies

Slide 10

Page 6: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

6

Maximum Permittivity Tolerable

Slide 11

2

r r,min r,max r,min

rr

R

Due to manufacturing, it may not be possible to achieve permittivity exactly at 2.0 and 1.0.

It is useful to study what is tolerable.

r,max 2.25

Minimum Permittivity Tolerable

Slide 12

2

r r,min r,max r,min

rr

R

Due to manufacturing, it may not be possible to achieve permittivity exactly at 2.0 and 1.0.

It is useful to study what is tolerable.

r,min 1.30

Page 7: Lecture -- Luneburg Lens · Slide 3 Definition of a Luneburg Lens Slide 4 A Luneburg lens is a spherically symmetry gradient‐index lens that focuses a plane wave at a single point

11/1/2020

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Microwave Engineeringhttps://empossible.net/academics/emp4301_5302/