Lecture ICT 03

8/14/2019 Lecture ICT 03

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LECTURE 03

K-Society

LEE KUOK TIUNG

[email protected]


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IntroductionsIn recent years Malaysia has reengineered herself rapidlyto meet the challenges of a new economy and k-society.Malaysia has placed a great emphasis on Information andCommunication Technology (ICT) education and training,and particularly on the development of a knowledge or k-based economy and k-society.In an attempt to formulate policies and direction, theMalaysian Knowledge-based Economy Master Plan(Institute of Strategic & International Studies, 2002) hascontinuously suggested some directions andrecommendations.

In the wake of new technologies and k-based activities,there has arisen an enhanced need for learningapproaches that will develop professional knowledge andskills in line with new approaches to knowledge creationand utilization.


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Continues .Efforts are being made to develop a knowledge-seeking culture among Malaysians in view of the rapidchanges in technology and the increasing knowledgeintensity of the economy.As the former Prime Minister of Malaysia, Tun Dr.

Mahathir Mohamad (2002) had very perceptivelypointed out:Recognizing the critical need for knowledge as

input, Malaysia has embarked on the transformationfrom the input-driven growth strategy that had served her well in the past to one that is increasingly drivenby knowledge in order to achieve sustainable highgrowth and development.


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Continues .

Agricultural RevolutionsIndustrial Revolutions

Communications (ICT) Revolutions

Mahathir futuristic thinking Malaysiashould leapfrogging revolution??Why we (Malaysia) need own R&D?


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Continues . (Discuss)As Malaysia gradually transits from a production-based toa knowledge-based economy, several questions relatedto the above transformation are commonly posed. For example:

2. What is a k-based economy?3. Why do we need a k-based economy and k-society?4. Do we have k-workers and k-professionals in our

economy?5. How do we plan, implement and evaluate k-based events

in our economy and k-society?6. Are we aware of the critical success factors or strategies

to achieve the objectives of the k-based programs?7. Are there any policies and directions to help us effectively

implement the k-based projects?


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Continues .the National Information Technology Council(NITC) has formulated the National InformationTechnology Agenda (NITA) that addresses theneed for guidelines for k-based activities.At a time of knowledge becoming increasinglyrelevant to social and economic development,governments worldwide aim at the creation of country-specific types of k-society, i.e. informationsocieties, knowledge societies or knowledge-based economies.


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Continues .k-societies are created by collective actors in society andare not as often assumed merely the result or logicalconsequence of the technological developments in theinformation and communication sector, the growth of theservice industry and the high profit margin of knowledgeintensive goods.The process of constructing k-societies can be dividedinto:(a) the development of the theoretical, categoricallydefined concepts of k-society;

(b) the construction of a vision of self-emerging k-societies; &(c) the creation of country-specific k-societies as stagesof social and economic development.


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DefinitionsK-society is a theoretical concept created byacademics and scientists.K-society is a vision that legitimizes andaccelerates action towards its own realization.K-society is a stage of development in whichknowledge forms the center for social, cultural,economic and technologic development.

K-society is a new focal point of identity in thesecond modernity.And finally, k-society is a social construction of reality that will shape our future to come


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Continues .A knowledgesociety is a societythat is nutured by

its diversity and itscapacities (p.17)

Knowledge is apotent tool in thefight againstpoverty (p.20)

UNESCO World report: Towards Knowledge Societies. Paris: UNESCO 2005


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What is knowledge?Ultimately all factual knowledge is derivablefrom experience (Bertrand Russell).Knowledge is defined as a capacity for

social action (Stehr 1994:95)Knowledge may be used or left unused.K depends on social conditions and is

related to social power (social capital)K is information that changes something or someone (Drucker 1989:251)


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Agenda

What is knowledge?The Transition Hypothesis

The Transition from Industrial to K-societyCharacteristics of the K-Society


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DISCUSSCharacteristics of Knowledge?

How to measure Knowledge ?How can knowledge be transmitted?

Transaction: What do we know about thecosts of transmitting knowledge?Goods are normally succumbed to the law

of diminishing returns. What aboutknowledge?


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Continues .(Discussion)

Knowledge is more difficult to measure thanthe other factors.Once it has been produced it can easily bereproduced or copied and transaction costsare low.Whereas other goods are succumbed to thelaw of diminishing returns, knowledge

experiences rising marginal utilitySoftware pirating, knowledge poaching andindustrial espionage are part of theknowledge society


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Knowledge Societies 1Higher average standard of education and agrowing proportion of its labor force areemployed as knowledge workers

Its industry produces products withintegrated artificial intelligenceIts organizations are transformed into

intelligent organizations


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Knowledge Societies 2There is increased organized knowledge inthe form of digitalized expertiseThere are multiple centers of expertise and

a polycentric production of knowledgeThere is a distinct epistemic culture of knowledge production and knowledge

utilization


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Educations


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Educations


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Information's


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Information's


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Social Interactions


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Social Interactions


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Entertainments


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Entertainments


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SummaryIn a k-based economy and k-society, humancapacity building is a pertinent area of concern.

What are the learning approaches that willfacilitate and enhance the development of k-workers and k-professionals ability ascommunity members in the acquisition of k-transformation? (This is an important areaof investigation)

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Lecture ICT 03