LECTURE: COMING TO AMERICA

FIRST PERMANENT SETTLEMENT

A-St. Augustine, Florida (Also called Fort Mose)

1-Settled by Spanish

 

OTHER SETTLEMENTSA-Why build settlement/colonies?

1-Religious freedom

2-system of mercantilism

A) Policy of careful government regulation of the economy in order to fill the nation’s treasury with money (generally gold and silver)

B) Achieved through a favorable balance of trade

1) Sell more than buy (export more than import)

2) Selling to colonies was considered exporting, however bring items

from the colonies to the main country was not considered importing

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

3- Hope of getting rich

A) gold

B) crops such as tobacco & cotton

C) timber

D) fish

4-Natural Resources

A) Would not have to buy them from other countries

5-Free land

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

B-Walter Raleigh

1-1585: Takes 100 men & boys to form a colony in what is today Virginia

A) Settles on Roanoke Island

B) Had rough winter

C) Settlers left in the Spring when Sir Francis Drake arrived with supplies

1) Problem: most men were rich and did not

know how to do work for themselves

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

2-1587: Returns with second group of men, women & children

A) Raliegh returns to England to get supplies

B) did not return until 1590

C) When he returned, there was no sign of any human life except the word “CROATOAN” written on a post and

“CRO” written on a tree

D) This is still a mystery today of what happened to the people

1) In 2015, some archeologists have claimed to find some remains of the Roanoke Colony

OTHER SETTLEMENTSC-1606: Jamestown founded

1-Named after King James I of England

2-built as a fort

3-location was easy to defend

4-Malaria led to many deaths

5-Soldiers were part of “high society” and not used to hard manual labor

6-poorly set for first winter-only 400 of 2000 settlers survived

7-chief crops: tobacco & potatoes

OTHER SETTLEMENTSD-Religious groups

1-1620: Pilgrims (a.k.a separationists)

A) Established Plymouth Colony (in modern-day Massachusetts)

B) Mayflower Compact

1) Not a government

2) an agreement to discuss matters that affect the

community

C) Leader: William Bradford

D) Native Americans helped Pilgrims survive by showing them how to grow new crops

1) Squanto: Leader of Native Americans who help Pilgrims

E) 1691: Becomes part of Massachusetts Bay Colony

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

2-1630: Puritans

A) Formed Massachusetts Bay Colony

B) 11 ships, 900 colonists

1) by 1640, 20,000 colonists

3-Quakers

A) 1681: Founded Pennsylvania under the direction of William Penn

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

3-Roger Williams

A) Did not agree with Puritan views

B) Kicked out of Massachusetts

C) Bought land in 1636 and founded Rhode Island

D) Accepted all religions including Quakers and Jews

1) Catholics were allowed to settle

but not allowed to vote

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

4-Catholics

A) 1632: Maryland formed by Rich Catholics

B) 1649: Toleration Act

1) first colony to give religious freedom to Catholics and Protestants

5-Connecticut

A) Founded by John Winthrop, migrated from Mass. Bay

6-New Hampshire: Settled in 1623

7-Carolinas: Settled by people who migrated from Virginia

8-Georgia: Set up as a penal colony, with strong agriculture and NO SLAVES (called the Oglethorpe Plan)

OTHER SETTLEMENTS

E-Non-British

1-France

A) 1608: Quebec established

2-Netherlands

A) 1624: New Netherlands established

B) 1664: New Netherlands surrendered to the British and renamed New York, then split into what becomes New York, New Jersey and Delaware