Lecture 6: Remediation of contaminated land

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Wan Zuhairi Wan Yaacob

Program Geologi, UKM

PATHWAYS

Simple protocol for rehabilitation of contaminated site

Remediation of contaminated land

dwzwy-Jan-2006

Basic factors considered in determining the best remediation method to use

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Teknologi pemulihan tapak tercemar

http://www.frtr.gov/matrix2/section1/toc.html

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Soil, sediment, Bedrock and Sludge

In situ Biological Bioventing, Enhanced Bioremediation,

phytoremediation

In situ physical/chemical Chemical oxidation, electrokinetic sip, fracturing,

soil flushing, soil vapor extraction (SVE),

solidification/stabilization.

In situ Thermal Thermal treatment

Ex situ Biological Biopiles, composting, land farming, slurry phase

Ex situ Physical/chemical Chemical extraction, chemical redox,

dehalogenation, separation, soil washing,

solidification/stabilization

Ex situ thermal Hot gas decon., incineration, OB/OD “open burn or

open detonation” , pyrolysis, thermal desorption.

Containment Landfill cap, landfill cap enhancement

Other treatment Off site disposal

Bioventing (in soil)

Soil flushing (in soil)

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Groundwater, surface water & leachate

In situ Biological Enhanced Bioremediation, natural attenuation,

phytoremediation

In situ physical/chemical Air sparging, Bio slurping, chemical oxidation,

directional wells, Dual phase extraction, thermal

treatment, hydro fracturing, Air stripping,

treatment walls

Ex situ Biological Bioreactors, constructed wetlands

Ex situ Physical/chemical Adsorption/absorption, Advanced oxidation

processes, Air stripping, GAC, groundwater

pumping, Ion exchange, Precipitation/Coagulation/Flocculation, separation,

sprinkler irrigation

Containment Physical barrier; deep well injection

Enhanced Bioremediation (groundwater)

Phytoremediation

Air Sparging

Reactive treatment wall

Groundwater pumping

Physical Barrier(Vertical cutoff walls; Hydrodynamic barriers; Slurry Trenches, Slurry Walls.)

slurry, usually a mixture of bentonite and water

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Air emmisions / off-gas treatments

Bio filtration

High energy destruction

Membrane separation

Oxidation

Scrubbers

Carbon adsorption

KAJIAN KES

1. NAGOYA, JEPUN – VERTICAL WALL INSTALLATION2. VIDEO – ECO CLAY

3. JAPAN - REMEDIATION OF AN OLD GAS SITE4. LOCAL CASE STUDIES