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Lecture 23Site Selection
Layout and Design of Grain Storage Systems Two general (guiding) principles: closed loop - deliver or receive grain from
same location. expansion - able to expand from two to four
times the original capacity without violating the first principle
Site Selection well drained accessible room to expand available fuel and electrical power all weather roads location in relation to residential housing physical security
Developing a Plan scaled drawing paper cutouts bins, buildings, pit, bucket elevator, dryers,
augers, wet holding bins, surge bins, Dryeration bins, single axle trucks, tandem trucks, trailer trucks and tractors with wagons.
lay in handling system
For each plan, ask the following:1. Delivery vehicles move easily? 2. Closed loop apply? 3. Electrical power get there? 4. Where will you place the LP tank? 5. Solar orientation ok? 6. Will equipment remain ABOVE water? 7. Fans too much noise? 8. Room to add feed processing equipment? 9. Large enough for anticipated harvest rate? 10. Are parts of system mismatched? 11. Safe arrangement? Blind spots? 12. Expanded easily?
Planning - Summary
1. Plan for 20 to 30 years 2. Allow for 2 - 4 times expansion 3. Bottleneck should be combine 4. Move a building/ bin if in wrong place 5. No out of the way spots 6. Identify bottlenecks in system... Perhaps spend $2000 on auger rather than 20,000 on a combine. 7. Safe as possible
Basic Schemes Advantages Centralized: Flexible ease of expansion -
include any # bins / dryers low labor requirement meets needs of both large
and small operator
Disadvantages Centralized: more skill required during
construction larger initial investment
for handling equipment
Basic Schemes Circular Advantages efficient handling of grain
with portable augers
Circular disadvantages Expansion more difficult best served if all bins are
the same size 2nd tier of bins requires
two staged augering Delivery vehicles may
need to back out If bucket elevator used,
will need to be taller
Circular DesignGiven these limitations, the following must be
specified before laying out a circular design: present & future capacity as determined by the
max. # of bins of a given diameter that can be constructed on the circle
eave height and roof slope of bins delivery conveyer geometry width of receiving area
Issues concerning expansion radius should be determined on potential
capacity, NOT length of present auger could a leg be installed later? can a wet holding bin be installed or will you
need to use the pit for temporary wet holding storage?
is there room for a portable dryer
Summary concerning circular arrangements total storage related to radius 45 degree auger slope is not preferred auger length and degree slope = design
Flat Storage rectangular buildings, forced into storage portable equipment used to fill & empty duct type aeration (above floor) grain generally not placed "against wall
Flat Storage Advantages of Flat Storage multipurpose facilities
Disadvantages of Flat Storage shear strength is greatest
at floor large open doors aeration more difficult insect and rodents
difficult to control must fill completely right
away use only with dry grain