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By: Mr Hashem Alaidaros MIS 101. Lecture 2 Title: Computer Software. Objective. To know what are the computer software types To be familiar with virus, hacker, spyware . Software Types. Software: Consists of a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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By: Mr Hashem AlaidarosMIS 101
Main Topics• Computer software types• 32 bit vs. 64 bit• Malware
Software TypesSoftware: It is a group of programs that tells the computer
hardware what to do.Programs: is a group of commands written in a specific
programming language to solve a specific problem.Programming Language: is a group of instructions and rules
that perform operations on data processingSince computer doesn’t understand human language,
programming language is inventedHigh level language (understandable by human): Java, C++Low level language (understandably by computer
hardware): Assembly language
ذ
Example of Java Language
04/22/23 © Mr Hashem Alaidaros 4
Software TermsOpen Source Software: It is software that its
programming language is able to be read and customized.More flexible
Freeware Software: It is a copywrited software, available to use for free forever.Close Source
Types of SoftwareThere are three main types of
software:1. System software (Operating System)2. Utility software 3. Application software
1. System SoftwareSystem Software: It is software that controls and
manages the operations that deal directly to the computer hardwareOperating System (OS)
Operating System (OS) functions: 1. Allow users to run application software2. Manages the computer processes3. Functioning as interface that connects the user, the
application and the hardware. How?
System Software Examples Basic Input / Output System (BIOS) Disk Operating System (DOS) Windows (Microsoft product) Most targeted by hackers and Malwares iOS (Apple product) More suitable for graphics design Linux: (Unix family) Open source Android (Google product) Designed for smart phones
MultitaskingThe execution of two
or more programs by one user concurrently on the same computer with one central processor
2. Utility SoftwareUtility Programs allow the user to perform maintenance-type
tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices or its programs
• Types of utility softwareo Disk imageo Disk optimization o Encrypt datao File and data recovery o Text protecto Preventative security o Spywareo Uninstaller
-Msconfig -Restore -Page file
-Task Manager -System log
-Control Panel -Remote Acces
3. Application Software• Application software are programs that perform specific
tasks for users (It is the reason that one wants to buy a computer).
• Types of application softwareo Bowsero Communicationo Data managemento E-mailo Presentation graphicso Programmingo Spreadsheeto Word processing
Application SoftwareIncludes many executable files and data files:
Installer program (eg: setup.exe)Uninstaller program (why important?)Main executable file (eg: winword.exe)Support modules (eg: .dll files)
Called by the PROGRAM, not by the userData modules (eg: MS Word
dictionary)
Application SoftwareTwo types of Application software:
1. Prewritten application software2. Custom application software
1. Pre-written• Pre-written application: It is ready application that is designed and
developed for public use.
• For this type of application: Users only need to install (with a little modification if need) the software on their hardware
• Available on the hand
• Examples of pre-written software may include:• MS Word• Skype• Second Live
2. CustomCustom Software: It is software that is designed for specific purpose
and to meet organization’s needs.
In these cases, the business may have its own programmers to create a software to meet their needs
Programmer: Someone who develops application or system software
Examples of custom application software may include: Payroll Accounting Project Management
What are the differences between pro-written and custom software?
32 bit vs. 64 bitCPU, OS, and Software can be 32 bit or 64 bitCPU-32 bit
CPU processes 32 bit of data per one cycleCPU-64 bit
CPU processes 64 bits of data per one cycleWhich one has better speed? Why?OS- 32 bit
Support up to 4 GB of RAMOS-64 bits
Support more than 4 GB of RAM With CPU-32 bit, only OS-32 bit with Software-32 bit is supported In CPU-64 bit, OS-32 bit with Software-32 can be supported OS-32 bit only supports Software-32 bit
MalwareMalware or MALicious softWARE: is a program that is written to
attack or harm systems and files.
Malware can:• Delete files• Slow down computer and network• Send emails automatically• Control the computer remotely or open backdoor on the
victim computer
Malware main types: Virus Worms Trojan horse
Malware• Virus: is a program that repeat itself into files and systems.
• It has to attach itself to a program or a file (exe files)• It has to be clicked to activate the virus
• Worm: is type of virus that spread itself into other computers via networks.• It doesn’t attach itself to a program or a file• It activate itself with human intervention
Trojan horse: is type of malware that attach itself to a program or a file and open backdoor on the victim computer Used for spying and controlling the victim computer
Spyware• Spyware is a small computer program that
monitors what you are doing with your computer resources.
• Mostly come from advertisement pop-up
• Auntispyware software: adware, microsoft antispyware
Software Updates• Operating system and application software must
be always up to date (update)
• How often should be updated?
• Benefits of updates:• Security• Efficiency