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HISTORY 26
Lecture Fourteen:
The Kingdom of Mitanni(c. 1500 - 1350 BC)
HISTORY 26
Lecture Fourteen:
The Kingdom of Mitanni(c. 1500 - 1350 BC)
Hammurabi’s BabylonHammurabi’s Babylon
The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)
The Old Hittite Kingdom(c. 1650 - 1500 BC)
The Near East, c. 1500 BCThe Near East, c. 1500 BC
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
(c. 1500 - 1350 BC)
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
(c. 1500 - 1350 BC)
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
• Hurrian: Neither Indo-European nor Semitic
• The Hittite Old Kingdom• Capital: Hattusa• Hattusili and Mursili
• The Kingdom of Yamkhad• Capital: Aleppo
• King Parrattarna of Mitanni• Boundaries: Kizzuwatna (west), Nuzi (east),
and Terqa (south)
• Hurrian: Neither Indo-European nor Semitic
• The Hittite Old Kingdom• Capital: Hattusa• Hattusili and Mursili
• The Kingdom of Yamkhad• Capital: Aleppo
• King Parrattarna of Mitanni• Boundaries: Kizzuwatna (west), Nuzi (east),
and Terqa (south)
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
(c. 1500 - 1350 BC)
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
(c. 1500 - 1350 BC)
Idrimi, King of AlalakhIdrimi, King of Alalakh
• Flees from Aleppo to Emar
• Joins local nomads (the Sutaeans)
• Seizes Alalakh• Becomes a vassal
of Parrattarna
• Flees from Aleppo to Emar
• Joins local nomads (the Sutaeans)
• Seizes Alalakh• Becomes a vassal
of Parrattarna
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
Mitanni, Land of the Hurrians
• A major rival of Egypt’s 18th Dynasty• Conflict via proxy states in Palestine and Syria
• King Saustatar of Mitanni• Allied to Amenhotep II of Egypt (1426 - 1400 BC)• Retained control from Alalakh in the west to Nuzi in
the east• Seized control of Assur
• Military aristocracy comprised of charioteers called mariyanni (singular, mariyannu)• The beginning of a new form of social stratification
• A major rival of Egypt’s 18th Dynasty• Conflict via proxy states in Palestine and Syria
• King Saustatar of Mitanni• Allied to Amenhotep II of Egypt (1426 - 1400 BC)• Retained control from Alalakh in the west to Nuzi in
the east• Seized control of Assur
• Military aristocracy comprised of charioteers called mariyanni (singular, mariyannu)• The beginning of a new form of social stratification
The Decline of MitanniThe Decline of Mitanni
• Amenhotep III of Egypt (1390 - 1353 BC) and king Tushratta of Mitanni
• The rival kingship of Artatama, backed by the Hittite New Kingdom• Shuttarna III (Artatama’s son) betrays the
Hittites and allies himself with Assyria• The Hittites back Kili-Teshub, son of
Tushratta
• Mitanni becomes a pawn in the growing rivalry of the Hittites and Assyrians
• Amenhotep III of Egypt (1390 - 1353 BC) and king Tushratta of Mitanni
• The rival kingship of Artatama, backed by the Hittite New Kingdom• Shuttarna III (Artatama’s son) betrays the
Hittites and allies himself with Assyria• The Hittites back Kili-Teshub, son of
Tushratta
• Mitanni becomes a pawn in the growing rivalry of the Hittites and Assyrians
The Near East, c. 1500 BCThe Near East, c. 1500 BC