Lecture # 10

Knitting Elements and Basic Knitting Structures

Knitting Elements

Needle Sinker Cam Feeder Winder

Needles

Needle Parts

Stem – Used to hold the course of old loops  Hook – The hook is used to catch a thread and form

loops. Rivet – Holds the latch in place and allows it to

pivot. Latch – The latch combines the task performed by

the presser bar and the beard of the bearded needle.

Butt – The butt enables the movement of the needle to be controlled by a cam mechanism.  A track raises and lowers the needle.

Tail – Used to provide support to the needle.

Needle History

Matthew Townsend, a Leicester hosier, patented the latch needle in 1849. 

Townsend spent much of his time developing new knitted fabrics and he investigated a simpler way of knitting purl fabrics. 

Sinkers

CAMS

Knit Cams Tuck Cams Miss Cams

Yarn Feeder

Cylinder, Dial and Flat Bed

Parts of machine to hold needle Determines the gauge of the machine

Fabric Winder

To pull fabric downward To wrap it on a bar or to make laps of fabric Limited weight Traditionally it was up to 30 kg but today

more than 120 kgs is possible

Basic Four Knitting Structures

Plain Rib Interlock Purl

Technical Front

Technical Back

Plain Structure

Rib Structure

Purl Structure

Interlock Structure

Lecture # 11

Flat Knitting Machines

Flat Knitting

Flat knitting ---- Needle bed is flat

Single bed and double bed flat knitting machines

Production Collars, arm bands Sweaters Rib Gloves

For more information: http://www.shimaseiki.co.jp

Gauge

3 to 14 3 to 10 for sweaters 12 to 14 for collars and cuffs

Main characteristics

Strong grip in fine gauge Soft feel in course gauge Loose structure Easy designing Multi colors Slow production

Conti---

Easy to operate Width up to 70 inches

Significance of Flat Knitting Machines

Part of main body Garment in flat knitted fabric Sweaters

Production

400 collars per day Collar length is 3 to 4 inches In fabric form 40 to 50 meters Width 4 to 80 inches

Machines arrangements

Number of feeders 2 to 14 Jacquard Transfer Manual Automatic

Machine Specification

Quality Parameters

Gauge Width Length Number of stitches Knitting fault Oil problem Edges uneven

Carriage

Moving Taking all cams and feeding system Change of cam with in carriage Change of yarn with the help of change of

feeder Movement restriction

Costing

Per piece Per kg

Lecture 12Circular Knitting

Most Common Machines

Types of circular knitting machines

Single knit Double knit

Fleece Stripe Jacquard Plush Terry

Main Parts

Yarn feeding system Needle and sinker bed Fabric winder Power transmission Lubrication Control panels

Yarn Feeding

Creels

Combi Creel

Fan Creel

Filter Creel

Yarn Feeding

Elastic Yarn Feeder

Lubricants

Uniwave

Knitting Cylinders

For more details

http://www.memminger-iro.de/

http://www.peverada.it/english/peveprod.html