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LECTURE 1: INTRODUCTION TO RAN
PREPARED BY:MOHD ‘ARIFF BIN ABDUL JALIL
B. ENG. (AEROSPACE)(HONS) - IIUMAVIATION MANAGEMENT COLLEGE
RADIO AIDS & NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEM
Lesson Timeline
4 CREDIT HOURS 7 Weeks in March Semester 11 LECTURES TO BE COVERED Midterm Exam on 18th April 2011 Midterm Examination will be up to LECTURE
6 Gantt Chart
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
FULL CARRY MARKS - RESULTS
Attendance: 5% Mid Term Test: 10% Public Speaking: 10% Assignment: 15% Final Exam: 60% TOTAL: 100%
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
AMC GRADING SCALE
Mark Grade Grade Points
(80–100) A 4.00
(75-79) A- 3.67
(70-74) B+ 3.33
(65-69) B 3.00
(60-64) B- 2.67
(55-59) C+ 2.33
(50-54) C 2.00
(45-49) C- 1.33
(40-44) D 1.00
(0-39) F 0.00
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
GPA CALCULATION
Credit Hours Grade Grade Points
3 B (3.00) 9.00
3 B (3.00) 9.00
4 B (3.00) 12.00
4 B (3.00) 12.00
Total Cr Hrs: 14 GPA 42/14=3.00
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Course Outlines
Lecture 1: Introduction to RAN Lecture 2: Radio Theory Lecture 3: Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) &
Non Directional Beacon (NDB) Lecture 4: VHF Omni Directional Range (VOR) Lecture 5: Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Lecture 6: RADAR Lecture 7: Global Positioning System (GPS) Lecture 8: Instrument Landing System (ILS &
MLS) Lecture 9: Global Proximity Warning System
(GPWS) Lecture 10: Traffic Collision Avoidance System
(TCAS) Lecture 11: Approach Lightings System (ALS)
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Course Outline
Objective and OutcomeRADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
MOTIVATIONAL QUOTESRADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lecture, the student should be able to: Define Navigation Describe basic methods use for navigation List navigational aids system for aircraft
during departure, en-route and approach.
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
INTRODUCTIONRADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Do you know what is this subject is all about?
RADIO AIDS & NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS??
INTRODUCTIONRADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
What is NAVIGATION?
Navigation: The process of plan and direct the route of aircraft by using MAPS or NAVIGATIONAL AID SYSTEMS.
Air Navigation – The action of plotting and directing the route of an aircraft through the air from one place to another. Adapted from the United States Air Force
Dictionary.
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Objectives of navigation
Know your position Efficient use of fuel Maintain a flight schedule Avoid other air traffic Avoid ground-to-air missiles Minimize exposure to enemy
radar
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
1927: Charles LindberghFirst flying across the Atlantic ocean
(New York-Paris) using the Spirit of St. Louis
His journey cover 5,815km and took about 33 and 1/2 hours. Fly without
any navigation instruments
Ways of Navigation
There are three common ways for aircraft navigation. PILOTAGE DEAD RECKONING RADIO NAVIGATION
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Pilotage Pilotage: navigation by reference to
landmarks or checkpoints Pilot uses a chart and flies from one visible
landmark to another. Requires relatively low altitudes so that
landmarks can be seen and recognized more easily
Advantages: easy to perform does not require special equipment
Disadvantages: direct course is usually impractical as it is often
necessary to follow a zigzag route to well-known landmarks, resulting in longer flights
Dead Reckoning
Dead Reckoning: navigation of an aircraft solely by means of computations based on time, airspeed, distance, and direction.
Advantages: straighter line courses possible
Disadvantages requires calculations prior to flight may be inaccurate as weather changes rapidly on
some cases More typically, a course is determined and flown by
calculations made from dead reckoning, and then backed up by pilotage during the flight
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Radio navigation
Radio navigation: the location of the airplane is determined by referring to instruments such as VOR, ADF, or GPS.
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Flight ProfileRADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Navigational Aids System
• For En-Route/Cruise, the navigational aids system are:• NDB (Non Directional Beacon) & ADF (Automatic Direction Finding)
• VOR (VHF Omni-directional Range)• DME (Distance Measuring Equipment)
• RADAR(Radio Detection & Ranging)• GPS(Global Positioning System)
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Navigational Aids System
• For Approach and Landing, the navigational aids system are:• ILS (Instrument Landing System)• MLS (Microwave Landing System)• ALS (Approach Lighting System)• RADAR(Radio Detection & Ranging)
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Instrumentation
Aircraft Installations: Indicator System in the Cockpit Aircraft’s Antenna
Ground Installations Ground Antenna
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Indicator System in the Cockpit
RADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Aircraft’s AntennaRADIO AIDS AND NAVIGATIONAL SYSTEMS : RAN 2204
Navigational Aid Systems
ILS
MLS
NDB
VOR
DME