Lecture 1 Introduction

Dr. Cuong HuynhTelecommunications DepartmentHCMUT

CMOS ANALOG IC DESIGN Spring 2013

1

Dr. Cuong Huynh [email protected]

Department of Telecommunications

Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology



2

Instructor: Cuong Huynh (Ph.D)

Office: 114 B3

Office Hours: Friday 2:00-4:00 PM

Phone: 0915 592 622

E-mail: [email protected]

Textbook:

[1] Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, B. Razavi, McGraw-Hill, 2001.

References:

[2] Analog Integrated Circuit Design, D. Johns and K. Martin, John Wiley &

Sons, 1997.

[3] Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits, P. Gray, R. Meyer, P.

Hurst, and S. Lewis, John Wiley and Sons, 4th Edition, 2003.

[4] Technical Papers



3

Objectives: Understand CMOS technology from a design perspective Discuss basic transistor models and layout techniques for design and characterization of analog integrated circuits.

Study the most important building blocks in CMOS technologies and understand their advantages and limitations.

Learn analog CMOS design approaches: Specification Circuit Topology Circuit Simulation Layout Fabrication Design basic analog IC circuits considering practical parameters.

Use the IC design tools, especially Cadence, Spectre, Spice, and Matlab.



4

GRADING:

Final Exams: 60% Closed book One double sided 8.5x11 note sheet allowed

Homework :10% You are encouraged to work together with your colleagues on the homework. However, each student must turn in an independent write-up.

No late homework will be graded

Laboratory 20%

Final Project 10% Report and PowerPoint presentation required



5

OutLine:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: MOS Transistor Characteristics and Modeling

Chapter 3: Single-stage Amplifier

Chapter 4: Differential Amplifier

Chapter 5: Current Mirror

Chapter 6: Frequency Response of Amplifiers

Chapter 7: Noise

Chapter 8: Feedback

Chapter 9: Operational Amplifier

Chapter 10: Stability and Frequency Compensation

Chapter 11: Bandgap References



6

Dr. Cuong Huynh [email protected]

Department of Telecommunications

Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology

Lecture 1: Introduction

Dr. Cuong HuynhTelecommunications DepartmentHCMUT 7

Naturally occurring signals are analog Analog circuits are required to amplify and condition the signal for further processing

Performance of analog circuits often determine whether the chip works or not

Examples Sensors and actuators (imagers, MEMS) Optical receiver, RF transceivers Microprocessor circuits (PLL, high-speed I/O, thermal sensor)

Why is Analog Important?


What is Integrated Circuits ?

Why Integrated ?

Smaller size, reduced cost, increased performance.

Motivate creativity and new applications: RFID, sensor . . .

Idea of integration was in the late 1950s.

Prediction of Gordon Moore (one of Intel founder).

Why Integrated?


Why Integrated?


Why CMOS?

The metaloxidesemiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) was first patented

by Julius Edgar Lilienfeld in 1925, well before

the invention of BJT.

Due to the fabrication limitation, MOSFET has not been used until the early years of 1960s.

CMOS (Complementary MOS p- and n-type device) was patented by Frank Wanlass in 1967,

initiating a revolution in the semiconductor

industry.

CMOS initially dominates in the digital circuit/systems while others for analog.

Why CMOS now ? Low cost, high integration

and solution for SOC.


CMOS Technology Overview

CMOS Transistors Interconnect Diodes Resistors Capacitors Inductors Bipolar Transistors



Transistors



NMOS Transistor



PMOS Transistor



Interconnect



Diode



Resistor



Capacitor



Inductor



Vertical PNP BJT



Latchup



Read Appendix B, Razavis Book


Analog IC Design Process



Chip Microphotograph (4.4mm x 2mm)



QFP or Quad Flat Package Dual in-line package (DIP Small-outline integrated circuit (SOIC)

QFN (quad-flat no-leads) Wafer-level packaging (WLP)

Chip Scale Package (CSP)


ANALOG IC DESIGN SKILLSET

Characteristics of Analog Integrated Circuit Design

Done at the circuits level

Complexity is high

Continues to provide challenges as technology evolves

Demands a strong understanding of the principles, concepts and techniques

Good designers generally have a good physics background

Requires a good grasp of both modeling and technology

Have a wide range of skills - breadth (analog only is rare)

Be able to learn from failure

Be able to use simulation correctly



Implications of Advanced Technology on IC Design

The good:

Smaller geometries

Smaller parasitics

Higher transconductance

Higher bandwidths

The bad:

Reduced voltages

Smaller channel resistances (lower gain)

More nonlinearity

Deviation from square-law behavior

The challenging:

Increased substrate noise in mixed signal applications

Threshold voltages are not scaling with power supply

Reduced dynamic range

Poor matching at minimum channel length



Complexity in Analog Design

Analog design is normally done in

a non-hierarchical manner and

makes little use of repeated

blocks. As a consequence, analog

design can become quite complex

and challenging.


Analog IC Applications

Digital-analog and analog-digital conversion Disk drive controllers Modems - filters Bandgap reference Analog phase lock loops DC-DC conversion Buffers Codecs Wireless tranceivers Etc.

Current reading:

Chapter 1 and Appendix B chap 16 in Razavis Book [1]


Next Time

Chapter 2: MOS Transistor Characteristics and Modeling

MOS Transistor Modeling Threshold Voltage, VT DC I-V Equations Body Effect Subthreshold Region

Reading:

Chapter 2 and Appendix A in Razavis Book [1]

Documents

Lecture 1 Introduction