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Physics 1, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, RPI, Lecture Slides, Solutions
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1
Physics I Class 14
Rotational Motion
Definitions of angular position q angular velocity
angular acceleration
Relationship between variables in angular motion and linear motion
Rotational inertia (or moment of inertia I )
Rotational kinetic energy K
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Definitions
Angular Position: q (always in radians) Angular Displacement:
Angular velocity:
lim
t0
qt
dqd t
(Previously we only considered cases with constant .) Angular acceleration:
lim
t0
t
dd t
d2q
d t 2
0 0 (You pick for each problem.)q q q q
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Analogy BetweenLinear and Rotational Variables
(more about torque later)
Uniform Circular Motion (review)
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r
a=ac
Δq
ac v2
r
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Angular Displacement and Angular Velocity
• Use your right hand.• Curl your fingers in the direction of
rotation.• Thumb points in the direction of
increasing q and angular velocity . v r
• Mathematically:cross product of two vectors,
Review
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1D Equations of Motion for Constant Acceleration a.
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Equations for Constant
All equations are written for q in radians. Sometimes you will need to convert radians to/from degrees or revolutions.
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Finite size rigid objects are collections of infinitely small point-like elements
s q r
v r
| atangential | r
| ar || ac |v2
r2 r2
r2 r
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Rotational inertia & Energy
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Torque causes rotation
Torque and angular acceleration are always in the same direction.
Massless rodm
tF
r
Axis of rotation
Newton's Second Law appliesFor rotation about a fixed axis:
Ft ma
rFt mra mr(r) mr2
Torque : rFt I
r F I
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Take-Away Concepts
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Problems of the Day
1. A cyclist is riding his bicycle due east in the Tour de France bicycle race. What is the direction of the angular velocity of his bicycle wheels?
A) North. B) South. C) East. D) West. E) Up. F) Down.
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Problems of the Day
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Answer of problem of the day
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Activity 14 Rotational MotionGoal: Study the relation between linear and rotational variables
Apparatus: Labpro, a power supply, use digital channel 2, two masses (each 0.050 kg), a rod LoggerPro, open rotation.xmbl
Analysis: Part A and part B
0.12 m
0.06 m
Procedures:
1) Separation of two masses r= 0.06 m (Measure r to the center of each mass.)
Start rotation with period about 1 sec. Measure angular velocity as function of time and acceleration .
2) Separation of two masses r= 0.12 m
Start rotation with period about 1 sec.Measure angular velocity as function of time and acceleration .
Analyze data for t < 20 sec.