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Learning To Use New
Testament Greek
Lesson XX
The disciples preached to sinners.
3. ejkhvruxan oiJ maqhtai; aJmartwloi:V.
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was God.
7. ejn ajrch:/ h\n oJ lovgoV, kai qeo;V h|n oJ lovgoV.
The apostle taught the disciples and kept leading the good men into the kingdom of love.
9. ejdivdaxen oJ ajpovstoloV tou;V maqhta;V kai; h[get ou;V ajgaqou;V ajnqrwvpouV eijV th;n basileivan ajgavphV.
The Lord saw the evil men, but we see the good men.
10. e[bleyen oJ kuvrioV tou;V ponhrouvV, ajlla; blevpomen tou;V ajgaqouvV.
diva• with genitive – through, by
– diameter
• with accusative – because of, on account of– diacritical
Prepositions With 2 Cases
katav• with genitive – against,
down– catapult
• with accusative – according to– catalog
Prepositions With 2 Cases
metav• with genitive – with
– metabolic
• with accusative – after– metamorphosis
Prepositions With 2 Cases
periv• with genitive – about,
concerning, for• with accusative – around
– perimeter
Prepositions With 2 Cases
uJpevr• with genitive – for• with accusative – above,
over– hypertension
Prepositions With 2 Cases
uJpov• with genitive – against,
down– catapult
• with accusative – according to– catalog
Prepositions With 2 Cases
ejpiv• Genitive, dative &
accusative• upon; on, at, about
– epidermis
Prepositions With 3 Cases
parav• genitive – from• dative – with• accusative – beside; by
– parallel
Prepositions With 3 Cases
ajnav• accusative – up
– analysis
Prepositions With 1 Case
ajntiv• genitive – instead of; in
place of, for– antichrist
Prepositions With 1 Case
prov• genitive – before
– prologue
Prepositions With 1 Case
provV• accusative – to; toward,
with– prosthesis
Prepositions With 1 Case
suvn• dative – with
– synthesis
Prepositions With 1 Case
ajnaginwvskw
I read
Compound Verbs
ajnoivgw
I open
Compound Verbs
ajpoqnhskw
I die
Compound Verbs
ekbavllw
I throw out, I cast out
Compound Verbs
Prepositions• Above the shelf, you will find books about
the Dead Sea Scrolls and works concerning other aspects of Bible archaeology.
• about, above, across, against, along, amid, among, around, at, atop, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but (meaning except), by, concerning, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, onto, out, outside, over, past, regarding, since, through, throughout, to, toward, under, underneath, until, up, upon, with, within, without.
Prepositions
“A proper understanding of prepositions is vital to exegesis. Many an exegetical debate has turned on the use of a particular preposition. One can gain some sense of the value of learning the nuances of the prepositions by noting their sheer number (over 10,000 in the NT). Prepositions are so common that four out of five verses have at least one.” (Greek Grammar: Beyond The Basics, Wallace, p. 357)
• e[n – 2752 times in the NT• ei[V – 1767 times in the NT
What Is A Preposition?
• A word that links a noun, pronoun, or a word or word group acting as a noun (the object of the preposition) to the rest of the sentence. (The Little Brown Handbook, p.526)
• The pen is on the Bible.• The pen is beside the Bible.
What Is A Preposition?• A preposition always has an object, which is
usually a noun or pronoun. The preposition establishes a relationship such as space, time, accompaniment, cause or manner between its object and another word in the sentence. The preposition with its object (and any modifiers) is called a prepositional phrase. (Harbrace College Handbook, 12th Edition. pp. 14-15)
• After the sermon, the preacher walked slowly down the wide aisle and through the door of the spacious auditorium.
• After the sermon, the preacher walked slowly down the wide aisle and through the door of the spacious auditorium.
The Greek Preposition
1. There are 17 basic prepositions
prov-before
uJpevr-over
metav-after
ajnav-up
ejpivv-onejivvV-
intoejk-out of
pavra-beside
diva-through
ejn - inprovV-toward
uJpov - under
katav - down
ajpovv - from
The Greek Preposition1. a
2. A single Greek preposition may have more than one meaning• diva - gen- through; acc- because of, account of
• ejpiv – gen. – on; dat. – at; acc. - about
3. Is not declinable4. Can be prefixed to verbs
•To intensify meaning – ginwskw / epiginwskw•To complete meaning – agw / apagw•To give entirely new meaning
• ginwskw – I know / anaginwskw – I read
The Greek Preposition5. Undergoes morphological changes when
followed by a word that begins with a vowel.Preposition Before Smooth Before Rough
ajnav ajn j ajn j
ajntiv ajnt j ajnq j
ajpov ajp j ajf j
diav di j di j
ejpiv ejp j ejp j
katav kat j kaq j
metav met j meq j
parav par j par j
uJpov uJp j uJf j
But periv periv periv
prov prov prov