8/2/2019 Learning Theories Paper: Situated Cognition

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Ecnroho` Tbclrhcs Vnpcr

Lvcrvhcw

Whtuntcd Gl`ohthlo hs n alrc rcgcotey dcvcelpcd tbclry tbnt drnws irla scvcrne cphstcalel`hcs

hogeushvc li jcbnvhlrhst, ocurlel`hgne, psygblel`hgne, nod slghne pcrspcgthvcs. Tbc rllts li

shtuntcd gl`ohthlo nrc nsgrhjcd tl Nrthihghne Hotceeh`cogc rcscnrgb nod Gl`ohthvc Vsygblel`yuo`!"##"$. %bhec prhanrhey vhcwcd ns n gl`ohthvc tbclry, ht bns strlo` `rluodho`s ho

glostrugthvhsa wbcrc ecnroho` hs scco ns pnrthghpntlry. &sho` jcbnvhlrhst nod gl`ohthvc

npprlngbcs, 'olwecd`c hs dcrhvcd irla ngthlos nod gl`ohthvc prlgcsscs neelwho` uodcrstnodho`s

tl jc glostrugtcd. (lrc tbno tbhs, tbc pbyshgne, slghne, nod gueturne covhrloacots nrc pnrt li tbc

hotcrngthlo tbnt conjec tbc glostrugthlo li acnoho`. Tbc grhthgne tbho` hs tbnt ecnroho` gnoolt jc

scpnrntcd irla rcne ehic.

Glotrhjutlrs

)cno Envc nod *thcooc %co`cr wcrc an+lr glotrhjutlrs tl tbc tbclry, su``cstho` tbnt ecnroho` hs

slghneey nod pcrsloneey glostrugtcd jy tbc pnrthghpnots ho glaauohthcs li prngthgc !(ntuslv, ceenod -l`lii, //6$. Ns noltbcr glotrhjutlr, >rccol !/:/$ plshtcd tbnt tbc hotcrngthlos tbnt ecnd

tl ecnroho` nrc jctwcco tbc gl`ohthvc n`cots nod tbchr pbyshgne nod slghne shtunthlos. Tbcrcilrc

ecnroho` glacs irla tbnt hotcrpeny rntbcr tbno jcho` glostrugtcd slecey ho no hodhvhdune7s acotne

spbcrc. rlwo, Gleehos nod 4u`uhd !/:/$ strcsscd ho tbchr glotrhjuthlo tl Whtuntcd Gl`ohthlo

tbnt tbcrc gno jc ol scpnrnthlo li ecnroho` irla dlho`, tbcrcjy ocgcsshtntho` nutbcothg

c3pcrhcogcs nod covhrloacots ilr acnoho`iue ecnroho`. Tbus ecnroho` nod gl`ohthvc prlgcsscs

nrc cotrcogbcd ho tbc shtunthlos ho wbcrc tbcy tn'c pengc

AnklrVrhoghpecs

Ecnroho` gnoolt jc scpnrntcd irla tbc shtunthlo ho wbhgb ht tn'cs pengc. 9lr c3napec, rlwo ct

ne. !/:/$ tblu`bt tbnt tbc njhehty tl usc wlrds glrrcgtey hs n iuogthlo li c3pcrhcogho` wlrds ho

tbchr onturne glotc3t. Tbc ecnrocrs tbus pnrthghpntc ho tbc usn`c ns tbcy hotcrngt whtb tbc gl`ohthlo

li ltbcr pnrthghpnots, nitcr wbhgb tbc ecnrocrs gno oc`lthntc uodcrstnodho` li nggcptnjec usc.

>hjslo7s Niilrdnogcs uodcrehoc tbnt tbc gucs tl uodcrstnodho` nod pcrgcpthlo glac irla tbc

covhrloacot !Netnehj "##"$. Tbcrcilrc, tl dcglotc3tuneh0c ecnroho` hs alrc eh'cey tl grcntc

dcihghcoghcs ho uodcrstnodho` wbhec nutbcothg ecnroho` covhrloacots glotnho tbc cecacots ilr

ecnroho`.

Noltbcr an+lr prhoghpec hs tbnt ecnroho` tn'cs pengc ho glaauohthcs li prngthgc. Nee pcrslos ho tbc

ecnroho` covhrloacot jy tbchr hotcrngthlos nod prngthgcs trnosilra tbc pcrgcpthlos li cvcryloc ns

tbcy grcntc acnoho`. %htbho tbc glaauohthcs hs n rno`c li pnrthghpnots whtb s'hee ecvces irla

olvhgc !ocwglacrs$ tl anstcry !led2thacrs$. 8lvhgc cotrnots co`n`c ho Ec`hthantc Vcrhpbcrne

Vnrthghpnthlo wbcrc tbcy gno ljscrvc nod aldce ngthlos, nod nggcss tbc c3pcrthsc li ltbcrs. Tbcy

whee tn'c lo slac li tbc glaauohty7s prngthgcs, jut haplrtnotey, whee nesl glotrhjutc tl gbno`cs

8/2/2019 Learning Theories Paper: Situated Cognition

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ho acnoho` !(ntuslv, ct ne. //6$. Neehcd tl tbhs prhoghpec hs Gl`ohthvc Npprcothgcsbhp wbcrcjy

olvhgcs ng;uhrc s'hees nod 'olwecd`c wlr'ho` nelo`shdc tblsc whtb c3pcrthsc. Tbhs prlgcss li

ecnroho` tbco hs glostnot tbrlu`b gygecs li pcrgchvho` nod ngtho` dcpcodcot lo +lhot ilranthvc

hotcrngthlos uo` !"##"$.

Tlles nod nrthingts sugb ns eno`un`c nod gueturc nrc tbc acnos ecnrocrs usc tl tn'c acnoho` irlan shtunthlo. lw tbcy nrc uscd nod uodcrstlld irla tbc glajhocd pcrspcgthvcs li tbc

glaauohty whee rcstrhgt lr conjec uodcrstnodho`s. %htb tbc pnrthghpntlry onturc li ecnroho`,

uo` !"##"$ glotcodcd tbnt tbcsc acdhn nrc +lhotey uscd tl ilra rcenthlosbhps wbco glostrugtho`

acnoho`.

N ilurtb prhoghpec li Whtuntcd Gl`ohthlo dcanods tbnt ecnroho` covhrloacots sblued jc nutbcothg

hovlevho` rcne ehic glotcot nod ngthvhthcs. Envc nod %co`cr nr`ucd ngglrdho` tl Netnehj !"##"$

tbnt wbnt hs ecnrocd sblued jc rciecgthvc li blw ht bnppcos ho cvcrydny lggurrcogcs rntbcr tbno

jcho` acrcey jy syajlehg anohpuenthlos. Tbc tns' li c;uneey dhvhdho` li n ;unothty li ielur hs

rcacajcrcd alrc acnoho`iueey tbno slevho` tbc prljeca whtb pnpcr nod antbcanthgne syajlesloey. Tbhs thcs ho whtb tbc hdcn li acalry ns n prlgcss !ns lpplscd tl hotcrone acalry$ wbcrc

pnrthghpnots glothouneey juhed nod rcjuhed tbchr uodcrstnodho`s !uo` "##"$. Vurcey syajlehg

hotcrprctnthlos nrc alrc dhiihguet tl prlgcss whtblut tbc rcne wlred nppehgnthlo.

Nppehgnthlo

Whtuntcd Gl`ohthlo ho hts strhgtcst hotcrprctnthlo li ecnroho` ho rcne wlred glotc3ts ah`bt jc

dhiihguet tl nppey ho tbc nvcrn`c genssrlla. lwcvcr, ht gno jc nppehcd ho n rno`c li npprlngbcs

wbcrc nutbcothg ngthvhthcs lr npprcothgcsbhps ah`bt jc nrrno`cd. Tbc H=*N-8 prl`rna lr n

vnrhnthlo tbcrcli glued jc ndlptcd shogc tbc hodhvhdune hs olt gneecd uplo tl anohpuentc syajles

ho n purcey gl`ohthvc wny, jut jy hotcrngtho` whtbho no nutbcothg glotc3t !>rccol /:/$.Wtudcots nrc pnrt li n glaauohty li prngthgc hotcrngtho` whtb n rno`c li c3pcrthsc irla pccrs

nrluod tbc wlred, tcngbcrs, covhrloacotne c3pcrts, nod sghcothsts. Tbc prl+cgt tbcy uodcrtn'c

aust iht jut hs olt ehahtcd tl elgne gurrhguenr `lnes. Ht aust iuodnacotneey glotrhjutc tl haprlvcd

;unehty li ehic lo tbc penoct ho n tno`hjec wny, sl tbcy bnvc 5n ec`hthantc rlec !tns'$ ho slghcty

tbrlu`b glaauohty pnrthghpnthlo nod acajcrsbhp1 !)lonssco nod Enod "###, p. 6/$. Ns no

nutbcothg covhrloacot tbcrcilrc, pnrthghpnots co`n`c ho glapec3 ngthvhthcs wblsc rcsleuthlos nrc

dcpcodcot lo tbc pcrspcgthvcs, eno`un`c, gueturc, nod glaauohty prngthgcs. Nddhthloneey,

pnrthghpnots dcalostrntc tbchr uodcrstnodho`s ho tbchr pcrilranogc, 'ccpho` 'olwecd`c ih3cd ho

hts glotc3t. Nsscssacot gno jc jnscd lo jltb tbc prlgcss li ecnroho` wbcrc iccdjng' iurtbcr

trnosilras acnoho`, ns wcee ns tbc prldugt li ecnroho`.

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Zcicrcogcs

Netnehj, . !"##"$. Whtuntcd Gl`ohthlo; Dcsgrhjho` tbc Tbclry. -ctrhcvcd irla

bttp?!6$, J/JD

66.

>rccol, ). >. !/:/$. N pcrspcgthvc lo tbho'ho`.!"crhgno #sygblel`hst, Gbhedrco nod tbchr

dcvcelpacot? Iolwecd`c jnsc, rcscnrgb n`codn, nod slghne plehgy nppehgnthlo, $$!"$,

J6D6. dlh?#.#JF