Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Learning Targets“I Can. . .”
-Name the four cell structures in common to all cell types.-Describe Anton Van Leeuwen hoek’s contribution to cellular biology.-List the three principles of the cell theory.-Describe the function of the following cell parts: nucleus, cytoplasm, vacuole, chloroplasts, ribosomes, golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, cell wall, and cell membrane.
What Is A Cell?
Introduction
1.The cell is the smallest unit of an organism that meets the criteria of life. Cells…
a. Have DNA
b. Grow and develop
c. Respond to their environment
d. Reproduce
e. Maintain a stable internal environment
f. Obtain and use energy
g. Evolve
Introduction
2. Anything smaller than the cell, is not alive, yet is still critical in making up the cell.
3. These nonliving components of the cell include…
a. Elements like carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Oxygen (O), Phosphorus (P), and Sulfur (S).
b. These elements combine to form larger molecules like carbohydrate, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
The Discovery of the Cell
1. Late 1500s: eyeglass makers in Europe realized that you could magnify objects by adding several glass lenses; this revelation helped develop the first microscopes.
The Discovery of the Cell
2. 1665: Robert Hooke described “little boxes” found in a thin slice of cork; “Little boxes” are given the name of cells.
The Discovery of the Cell
3. Late 1600s: Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a basic microscope to observe pond water and noticed a variety of living organisms
The Discovery of the Cell
4. 1838: Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants are made of cells.
5. 1855: Rudolf Virchow concluded that new cells can only be produced from existing cells.
6. Present day: We now summarize all of these ideas into the cell theory.
The Discovery of the Cell
7. The cell theory:a. All living things composed of one or more
cellsb. Cells are the basic unit of structure and
function in an organismc. New cells are produced from existing cells
Cell Diversity—there are many types of cells!
1. Sizea. Range in size from 0.2um to 1mmb. Most are microscopic
The amoeba Chaoschaos is visible to the naked eye as a speck
Floating on top of pond water
Cell Diversity—there are many types of cells!
2. Shapea. Cell shape is directly related to its functionb. Flexible to change/move
BLOOD CELL
NERVE CELL
Cell Diversity—there are many types of cells!
3. Internal organizationa. Contain internal structures called
organelles that perform specific functions for the entire cell
b. Cells that lack a nucleus are called prokaryotic (Bacteria)
c. Cells with a nucleus are called eukaryotic (plant, animal, fungus, protists)
The Complexity of Life
1. Single-celled organisms exist in the fossil record from about 4 billion to 2 billion years ago
The Complexity of Life
2. The Endosymbiotic Theory predicts how eukaryotic cells developed from prokaryotic cells
The Complexity of Life
3. Living things have become increasingly complex over time.
a. Single-celled organisms must maintain homeostasis.
b. In multicellular organisms, each cell often specializes to perform a specific job.
The Complexity of Life
Referenceshttp://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/
N100/2k2endosymb.htmlhttp://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/
bio%20102/bio%20102%20lectures/protists/protists.htmhttp://anatomyandphysiologyi.com/ap-levels-of-structural-
organization/
