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Learning Objectives:
Monopoly
LO5: Explain three grounds on which monopolies can be defended
LO6: Discuss ways that governments can change the behaviour of monopolies
CHAPTER 10
10-1© 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
Some options:
• Taxing the monopolist
• Government price setting
• Nationalization
10-2© 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
LO6
Government Control
Lump sum Profits Tax: • affects fixed cost but not variable cost
• increases average cost but marginal cost is unaffected
• output and price levels are unaffected
• lower profit (due to higher costs)
10-3© 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
LO6
Taxing the Monopolist
Monopoly Sales Tax: • tax on each unit sold
• increases marginal cost
• profit maximizing point shifts
• part of the tax is shifted to consumer in the form of higher price
• lower quantity is produced
• monopolist’s profit is reduced
10-5© 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
LO6
Taxing the Monopolist
Socially Optimum Price • the price that produces the best allocation of
products (and therefore resources) from society’s point of view, that is, P MC
Fair-Return Price • a price that guarantees that the firm will earn
normal profits only, that is, where P AC
10-7© 2012 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Limited
LO6
Government Price Setting