Learning Highlight - Photosynthesis

Organisms change inorganic molecules into organic molecules

(known as photosynthate)

TRANSPORT

• What do you think of when you think of transport?

• Why do you move from place to place?• Why is it important for the body to have a

mechanism for transport?

= TransportPhloemXylem

Veins

PHloem

• Goes with the Phlow (Up or Down)• LIVING TISSUE that carries Photosyntate to all parts of

the plant where needed• Tissue consists of:– Connected SIEVE-TUBE cells (act as a sieve for the

photosyntate)– Companion cells (help the sieve tubes stay alive and operate)

• GOES BOTH WAYS (with the flow) – Photosysntate goes to areas where is less sugar– Spring…? - Summer…? - Fall…?

Xylem

• Xylem Up• Mostly for water transport (and some mineral nutrients)• Water (and nutrients) only travel up• Most active when there is a) A lot of transpiration (evaporation) from the leavesb) A lot of water in the soil

Let’s Get to Know Water

• Exploration #1• Materials – penny, – dropper, – crucible with water, – tray with white paper

• Procedure– Holding the dropper vertically and one inch above

the penny surface, add one drop at a time to the penny until the water penny bursts.

What forces are at work?

• Adhesion – is the tendency of certain dissimilar molecules to cling together due to attractive forces.

• Cohesion – is the tendency of similar molecules to cling together.

How is this related to the movement of sap through a plant?

• Exploration #2• Materials– 2 different sized straws (representing different sized tubes in

the plant)– crucible with water, – tray with white paper– your finger

• Procedure– Holding the dropper vertically and one inch above the penny

surface, add one drop at a time to the penny until the water penny bursts.

Where do you find the Xylem and Phloem

Why bother moving things around in Plants?

• Make energy available for life processes like:

• HOW? • Cellular respiration

• http://videos.howstuffworks.com/hsw/12580-the-science-of-life-cellular-respiration-video.htm

Transport in Humans• What do WE need in order to survive?

• Where do these things come from?

• What part of us needs these things?

• How do we get those things to our cells???

Respiratory System• http://video.about.com/asthma/How-Lungs-Function.htm

(go to separate slide show)

OVERVIEW- Air is inhaled through the nose and mouth- Oxygen from the air diffuses into red blood cells through the

capillaries on the alveoli- Carbon Dioxide diffuses into the lungs from the red blood cells in

the capillaries on the alveoli

Smokers beware: http://www.airqualitytips.com/103/still_smoking_watch_this/

Digestive System

Digestive System

• http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/_bfs_DSmoviesource.html

(Go to separate slide show)

• Overview• The digestive system breaks down food into portions

(nutrients) small enough to be absorbed into the blood• Different parts of the system break down different types of

food• Each part of the system has a fairly specific function• The SHAPE of each organ directly affects its function

Circulatory System

Circulatory System• http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/circulatory-system/MM00636

• (Go to separate slide show)

OVERVIEW• The function of the circulatory system is the move RESOURCES TO THE

CELLS and WASTE AWAY FROM THE CELLS AND BODY• It also helps the immune system function properly (more later)• Oxygen enters the blood and Carbon Dioxide leaves the body at the lungs • Nutrients enter the body mostly at the small intestine• The points of exchange between other systems are at the thin walled

capillaries, because this is where simple exchange can occur• This system consists of the heart and blood vessels (and body – lungs and

intestines included)• Blood is under pressure and flows Away from the heart in Arteries• Blood is under less pressure and flows toward the heart in Veins

TRANSPORT COMPARISON

Flowering Plants and Trees• Phloem carries photosynthate

from areas of high concentration to low concentration

• Xylem carries water to cells through transpiration and bc of adhesion and cohesion

• Respiration is regulated by guard cells on the leaves

• No specialized digestive system

Humans• Blood transports OXYGEN and

NUTRIENTS (and other things) to the cells of the body and carries waste away

• Blood is moved by the pumping heart muscle

• The respiratory system is designed to move gasses in and out of the blood

• The digestive system is designed to move nutrients into the blood