Learning From Student Projects Mark Grabe. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.9-2 Using Design As A Unifying Theme n Knowledge

Learning From Student Projects

Mark Grabe

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9-2

Using Design As A Unifying Theme

Knowledge as design Design projects Designing a project as a way to

facilitate the design of personal knowledge.


9-3

Knowledge Of Design Knowledge as design consistent

with constructivist perspective Knowledge as information -

learning as transmission Knowledge as design - knowledge

adapted to a purpose Does learner have an idea how

knowledge might be used?


9-4

Design Of Hypermedia Student authored hypermedia

represents one type of design project.


9-5

Hypermedia Design Principles

Content organization Graphic design Text presentation User interface


9-6

Content Organization How will user experience content?

Sequence Control


9-7

Organization - Sequential Linear organization of elements of

information User moves forward or backward


9-8

Organization - Hierarchical Categories and subcategories Follow branches up or down


9-9

Organization - Web Complex organization of links User typically can follow multiple

links


9-10

Graphic Design Appearance and arrangement of

screen elements


9-11

Screen Layout Place and group objects to assist

the user

A grid is one way to maintain consistency


9-12

Grid


9-13

Grid With Information


9-14

Buttons Locate near edge unless impact

object appearing within the display

Group buttons serving similar functions together


9-15

Text Do not abandon grid because text is

presented Position segments of text for easier

viewing Avoid lengthy segments of solid text if

possible

Use multiple fonts and styles sparingly Be aware that the fonts available may

vary across computers


9-16

Interface and Navigation Allow user to interact with

information What information is available What actions are possible


9-17

Interface - Menus and Maps

Menu - list of topics

Map - list of topics and main links among components


9-18

Interface - Buttons Offer actions to user

Author establishes options User decides when actions are

taken

Establish clear expectations Descriptive words Standard icons


9-19

Cooperative Design Teams Cooperative learning - students work

together to help each other learn

Principles Team rewards - recognition for team

accomplishment Individual accountability - team success

based on individual accomplishments


9-20

Cooperative Methods Techniques of greatest relevance

Task specialization - individual students have unique roles in accomplishing group task

Group investigation - group project resulting in summary report


9-21

Hypercomposition Design Model

Adaptation of writing process approach (Lehrer) Planning Transforming and Translating Evaluating and Revising


9-22

Design - Planning The design group

Defines major topics of interest Work out how group will function Establish possible format for

presentation


9-23

Design - Transforming and Translating

Collect or create information Generate knowledge

Organize, summarize, and interpret

Generate publication


9-24

Design - Evaluation and Revision

Test software for problems Evaluate quality of communication Make adjustments as needed


9-25

Helping Students Design Knowledge

Perkins -- few opportunities to engage in works of mind Mostly “learn what practitioners

say rather than doing what practitioners do”


9-26

Apprenticeship

Teacher functions to introduce learner to the scholarship of an area Model first and then coach


9-27

Student Web Projects

Consider a “minimalist” approach Learn essentials and use

repeatedly


9-28

Web Page Components Multimedia elements (text,

graphics, sounds, etc.) HTML - hypertext markup

language tags Links to other pages


9-29

Methods for Constructing Web Pages

Specialized authoring software General products such as Adobe GoLive,

Macromedia Dreamweaver Word processing program

Save As … HTML Authoring software for students

SiteCentral, MediaBlender, Ezedia

Documents

Learning From Student Projects Mark Grabe. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.9-2 Using Design As A Unifying Theme n Knowledge