Learning and Memory (Genpsych1)

8/17/2019 Learning and Memory (Genpsych1)

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LEARNING andMEMORYGENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 1


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LEARNING

Any relatively permanent change in ehavi!r"a#ect and th!$ght% that can e d$e t!mat$rati!n" training" and e&perience'


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LEARNING

(YPES O) LEARNING*

1'In%ight+$l Learning

•. a,a'" Percept$al Learning

•. A type !+ learning that i% ac-$ired%p!ntane!$%ly y an !rgani%m .ith!$t anyhelp +r!m the envir!nment'

•. An /aha0 e&perience


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LEARNING

(YPES O) LEARNING*

1'In%ight+$l Learning

•.a,a'" Perceptual Learning

•.An /aha0 e&perience

'C!nditi!ning

•.a,a'" Associative Learning 2 %ince the mind

c!nnect% event% that !cc$r in %$cce%%i!n'


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LEARNING

(YPES O) LEARNING*

'C!nditi!ning

a'Cla%%ical

33 y Ivan Pavlov33 a ne$tral %tim$l$% elicit% a c!nditi!nedre%p!n%e thr!$gh repeated pairing%33 al%! ill$%trated a% stimulus substitution"%ince the $nc!nditi!ned %tim$l$% i%replaced .ith %!mething ne.'


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LEARNING

(YPES O) LEARNING*

'C!nditi!ning

'Operant

33 y Burrhus Frederick (B. F.) Skinner33 ehavi!r i% %trengthened .hen rein+!rced33 Law of Eect y Ed.ard (h!rndi,e4Learned helple%%ne%%


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LEARNING

(YPES O) LEARNING*

5'O%ervati!nal

•.a,a'" Social Learning Theory

•.6y Albert Bandura 7189:;

•.A per%!n learn% y .atching and imitating!ther pe!ple

•.Vicarious Reinforcement/Punishment


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LEARNING S(YLES

A per%!n


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LEARNING S(YLES

1'ENBIRONMEN(AL

33 %etting .here a per%!n learn% e%t

.S!$nd

.Lighting

. (emperat$re

.>e%ign


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LEARNING S(YLES

'EMO(IONAL

33 p!int% t! .hat in$ence% a per%!n t! learn

.M!tivati!n

.Re%p!n%iility

.Per%i%tence

.Str$ct$re


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LEARNING S(YLES

5'SOCIOLOGICAL

33 %etting .ith .h!m .e c!ncentrate e%t

.Al!ne

.Pair !r .ith a +riendD peer%

.Gr!$p !r (eam Learning Sit$ati!n

.E&pertA$th!ritative Ad$lt !r .ith a

C!lleag$e.Bariety


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LEARNING S(YLES

'PHYSIOLOGICAL

33 .hen and h!. .e phy%ically engage inlearning

. Inta,e. (ime !+ day

.M!ility

.Percept$al m!deo.Bi%$al

o.A$dit!ry

o.

=ine%thetic


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LEARNING S(YLES

@'PSYCHOLOGICAL

33 h!. learner% generally pr!ce%%in+!rmati!nidea%

.Analytical v%' Gl!al.Hemi%phericity

. Imp$l%ive v%' Reective


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1; t!ilet paper :; a !& !+ c!rna,e%

; t!mat!e% F; lett$ce5; a l!a+ !+ read 9; ice cream

; apple% 8; cat +!!d

@; ham$rger $n% 1?; %paghetti


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MEMORY

An active %y%tem that enc!de%" %t!re%" alter%"and retrieve% in+!rmati!n received +r!m theenvir!nment'

Stage%*


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MEMORY

Stage%*

1'ENCO>ING33 the pr!ce%% !+ getting in+!rmati!n int!

the rain33 ne$ral c!de%*

a'Bi%$al

'Ac!$%ticc'Semantic

d' (actile


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MEMORY

Stage%*

'S(ORAGE33 inv!lve% retaining in+!rmati!n !ver time

and creating a permanent rec!rd !+ it'5'RE(RIEBAL

33 rec!llecti!n !+ in+!rmati!n


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S(RC(RES !+ MEMORY

6y At,in%!n and Shrin 718:9;

1'Sen%!ry Mem!ry33 data pic,ed $p y !ne


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S(RC(RES !+ MEMORY

6y At,in%!n and Shrin 718:9;

'Sh!rt3(erm mem!ry33 .here the mind actively c!nnect% the ne.

in+!rmati!n .ith previ!$%ly learnedin+!rmati!n t! e m!re meaning+$l'33 a,a'" Working Memory

5'L!ng3(erm Mem!ry

33 relatively permanent %t!rage !+ in+!rmati!n33 c!ntain% the t!tality !+ everything !ne ha%learned


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(YPES !+ MEMORY

'N!n3>eclarative Mem!ry33 %t!red in+!rmati!n that pe!ple d! n!tp$rp!%ely rememer 2 m!t!r learning"

hait%" %,ill%" and c!nditi!ning33 a,a'" #mplicit/$ispositional/%on&!onscious"emory


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(HEORIES !+ )ORGE((ING

)ORGE((ING* re+er% t! the apparent l!%% !+in+!rmati!n that i% already enc!ded and %t!redin an individ$al


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(HEORIES !+ )ORGE((ING

5'>ecay33 mem!ry deteri!rate% .ith the pa%%age% !+time %pecially .hen an in+!rmati!n i% n!trepeatedly $%ed !r recalled33 a,a'" Theory of $isuse'

'M!tivated )!rgetting33 c!n%ci!$%ly l!c,ing mem!rie% that have

ca$%ed !r have the p!tential t! threaten"harm" !r emarra%% a per%!n'

a'S$ppre%%i!n

'Repre%%i!n


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E))EC(IBE S(>YING

1'=n!. One%el+ 'M$lti3Sen%!ry Meth!d

5'Ne$r!l!gical 6a%i%

'Meaning+$lne%%@'Active Learning

:'>epth !+ Pr!ce%%ing M!del 7Crai, L!c,hart" 18F;

F' (each 2 !oncept mapping

9'Mem!riJe

8')eedac,


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(HAN= YOK

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Learning and Memory (Genpsych1)