Learning about language Learning about language

Meaning for multi- words

multicultural

multicolored

multinational

multimedia

multistory

multichannel

including many cultures

made of many colorsincluding many nationsusing many mediahaving many stories

having many channels

More words formed using multi-

multiform

multitrack

Multifaith

Multimember

existing in many formsmade of many tracks

including many religions/faithsmade of many members/people

Meaning for -wards words

eastward(s)

forward(s)

upward(s)

outward(s)

downward(s)

backward(s)

to the east

ahead, to the frontto higher position/level out, in a direction awayto lower position/level

to the rear, to the back

Meaning for -wards words

westward(s)

southward(s)

northward(s)

inward(s)

toward(s)

to the west

to the southto the north

to the insidein a direction to

Answer key for Exercise 2:

1. baggage 2. minister

3. quiz 4. chat

5. aboard 6. scenery

7. slightly 8. surround

同位语从句

1. 同位语从句一般跟在某些名词如 idea, fact, news, hope, belief, suggestion, proposal, word, thought, doubt, truth, possibility, promise, order 等的后面，用以说明或解释该名词的具体内容。如 :The news that his heath is failing made us sad. I have no idea where they are spending their holidays.

2. 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，以使整个句子结构显得平衡。如： He got the news from Mary that the

meeting was put off.

Word came that Hussein had been

captured.

3. 同位语从句通常由 that 引导，但that 不在从句中充当成分，也不能省略；同位语从句也可以由whether, when, where, how 等引导。如：They raised the question where we

should go.

4. 引导同位语从句表示“是否”时，只能用 whether 而不用 if 。

5. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别：① 从词类上区别：同位语从句前面的名

词只能是 idea, fact, news, hope,

belief, suggestion 等；而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词，也可以是整个句子。

②从性质上区别：同位语从句是名词性从句，其作用相当于一个名词，是对前面的名词作进一步解释、说明；定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，用来修饰前面的名词、代词或句子。

③从引导词及其在句中的成分上区别 : 有些引导词如 how, whether 等可以引导同位语从句 , 但不能引导定语从句。定语从句的引导词均在从句中充当特定的句子成分。如 :I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother. (that 引导同位语从句，对 fact 进行说明 , that 不充当句子成分。 )I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me. (that 引导定语从句 , 对 fact 进行限定， that 在从句中充当宾语。 )

I. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。1. This is the mountain village _____ I

stayed last year.

2. I’ll never forget the days _____ I

worked together with you.

3. Please pass me the book _____ cover is

green.

where

when

whose

4. Is this the reason ____ he refused our

offer?

5. The person to _____ you spoke is a

famous actor.

6. She sat on the corner of the table near

the door by _____ her husband always

entered.

7. The white flower is the only one ____ I

really like.

why

whom

which

that

8. The news was very exciting ___ our

class had won the football match.

9. They are familiar with the opinion ____

all matter consists of atoms.

10. The question ___________________

we shall have a meeting hasn’t been

decided.

11. They told the policeman the fact ___

they had nothing to do with the

murder.

that

that

where / when / whether

that

12. All agreed to his suggestion ___ a

bridge across the river be built.

13. The question ____ should do the

work requires consideration.

14. This is our only request ___ this

(should) be settled as soon as possible.

15. Word came ___ our Chinese women

team had beaten Japanese.

that

who

that

that

1. 我不知道怎样到达火车站。 I have no idea how I can get to the

railway station.

2. 我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。 The news that our team has won the

final match is encouraging.

II. 用同位语从句翻译下列句子。

3. 人们曾认为地球是宇宙的中心。 People used to hold the opinion that

the earth was the center of the

universe.

4. 没有人对他将成为他们的老板这一事实感到高兴。

No one is happy with the fact that he

will become their boss.

5. 我们何时开始工作的问题尚未决定。 The question when we will start the

work is not decided ．

1. The fact ____ she works hard is well

known to us all.

A. that B. what C. why D. which

2. The fact ____ he was successful

proves his ability.

A. that B. what C. which D. why

A

A

III. Choose the correct answer.

3. The news ____ he was kidnapped

surprised us greatly.

A. what B. that C. why D. when

4. His suggestion ____ the meeting be

delayed was turned down.

A. which B. that C./ D. it B

B

5. I have no idea ____ he will start.

A. when B. that C. what D./

6. I've come from the government with

a message ____ the meeting won't be

held tomorrow.

A. if B. that C. whether D. which B

A

7. The thought ____ he might fail in the

exam worried him.

A. when B. which

C. what D. that

8. The order ____ the prisoner be set

free arrived too late.

A. which B. whether

C. that D. what

D

C

9. The nurses are trying their best to

reduce the patient's fear ____ he

would die of the disease.

A. that B. as

C. of which D. which

A

10. He often asked me the question

____ the work was worth doing.

A. whether B. where

C. that D. when

11. The other day, my brother drove

his car down the street at ____ I

thought was a dangerous speed.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

A

B

11. Along with the letter was his promise

____ he would visit me this coming

Christmas.

A. which B. that

C. what D. whether

B

13. Luckily, we'd brought a road map

without ____ we would have lost

our way.

A. it B. that C. this D. which

14. Do you have any idea ___ is

actually going on in the

classroom?

A. that B. what C. as D. which

D

B

15. One of the men held the view ___ the

book said was right.

A. that B. what that

C. that what D. whether

that 引导同位语从句，补充说明view; what 引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。

C

16. A story goes ____ Elizabeth I of

England liked nothing more than

being surrounded by clever and

qualified noblemen at court.

(04, 上海 )

A. when B. where

C. what D. thatD

17. Along with the letter was his

promise ____ he would visit me

this coming Christmas. (04, 上海 )

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. whether

B

18. There is a new problem involved in

the popularity of private cars ___

road conditions need ____. (03, 上海 )

A. that; to be improved

B. which; to be improved

C. where; improving

D. when; improving

A

19. There is a feeling in me _____ we’ll

never know what a UFO is—not

never.

A. that B. which

C. of which D. what

A

20. I have no idea ____ we can

spend our holiday.

A. where

B. which

C. that

D. what

A

21. The news ____ he told us

yesterday is not true, but the

news ____ our team has won the

match is true.

A. /; that

B. that; /

C. that; which

D. that; who

A

22. The question occurred to me ____

the book was worth reading.

A. what

B. whether

C. which

D. if

B

Thank you!