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Leading Change Without Leading Change Without Creating a MutinyCreating a Mutiny
Jack H BrittJack H Britt
University of TennesseeUniversity of Tennessee
ChangeChange
LGUs were created as LGUs were created as agents of changeagents of change Therefore…Therefore…
We should We should embrace changeembrace change as part of our culture as part of our culture
We should see change as an We should see change as an opportunityopportunity
Deans should facilitate change as Deans should facilitate change as change agentschange agents
Deans should promote and explain Deans should promote and explain benefits of benefits of changechange before, during and after implementation before, during and after implementation
Why change must occur..Why change must occur..
KnowledgeKnowledge Half life of technology is 3.5 yrHalf life of technology is 3.5 yr Knowledge increasing exponentiallyKnowledge increasing exponentially
DemographicDemographic Rural to urban shiftRural to urban shift
Metropolitan, micropolitanMetropolitan, micropolitan Economic, educational and digital “divide”Economic, educational and digital “divide” EthnicEthnic
Why change must occur..Why change must occur..
PoliticalPolitical Shift to Republican majoritiesShift to Republican majorities Less resources for higher educationLess resources for higher education
Academic vitalityAcademic vitality Change provides opportunities for creativity to Change provides opportunities for creativity to
emerge in an academic setting emerge in an academic setting
Leading ChangeLeading Change
Germinating and growing seeds of changeGerminating and growing seeds of change
Using information to support changeUsing information to support change
Communicating why change is needed and Communicating why change is needed and beneficialbeneficial
Incorporating change in strategic plansIncorporating change in strategic plans
Rewarding changeRewarding change
Germinating and growing seeds of Germinating and growing seeds of changechange
Plant an idea seedPlant an idea seed Plant the idea seed with administrative team, faculty, Plant the idea seed with administrative team, faculty,
supervisors, external constituents, colleagues at other supervisors, external constituents, colleagues at other universities, staff membersuniversities, staff members
Water and fertilizer to see if it germinatesWater and fertilizer to see if it germinates Promote the idea through use of clear data and rationalePromote the idea through use of clear data and rationale Challenge the idea through dialogueChallenge the idea through dialogue Collect feedback from all groupsCollect feedback from all groups Determine if it is viable and beneficialDetermine if it is viable and beneficial
Germinating and growing ideas for Germinating and growing ideas for changechange
Did the idea germinate and grow?Did the idea germinate and grow?oror
Did it wither?Did it wither?
If it withered, then it probably was not an idea that If it withered, then it probably was not an idea that would have survived or succeeded. would have survived or succeeded.
Do not hesitate to discard or postpone an ideaDo not hesitate to discard or postpone an idea that did not germinate and grow. that did not germinate and grow.
Use information to support changeUse information to support change
Have a thorough understanding of data to support Have a thorough understanding of data to support change – a scientific approachchange – a scientific approach Make sure you are prepared – read, become informed, know the Make sure you are prepared – read, become informed, know the
factsfacts
Create visuals, diagrams or other pieces to illustrate and Create visuals, diagrams or other pieces to illustrate and explain why change is neededexplain why change is needed Simple, self-explanatory, easy to understandSimple, self-explanatory, easy to understand
Deliver the same message consistently to different Deliver the same message consistently to different audiencesaudiences Use the same pieces in every setting to be consistentUse the same pieces in every setting to be consistent
Changes in TN Agriculture: Changes in TN Agriculture: % Sales% Sales by by SalesSales Category Category
USDA Agricultural Census 2002 (Summarized from Table 57)USDA Agricultural Census 2002 (Summarized from Table 57)
0.3% 0.7% 1.
3% 2.2% 2.5%
4.4%
11.7
% 14.4
%
15.4
%
22.4
% 24.7
%
24%
17% 18
%
14%
7%
6%
7%
4%
2%
1%
0%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%>
$1
00
0
$5
00
-$9
99
$2
50
-$4
99
$1
00
-$2
49
$5
0-$
99
$2
5-$
49
$1
0-2
4.9
$5
-$9
.9
$2
.5-$
4.9
$1
-$2
.49
<$
1
Farm Sales Categories (x $1,000)
Pe
rce
nta
ge
% of TN Farms% of TN Sales
4.5% of farms4.5% of farms73% of sales73% of sales
77% of farms77% of farms7% of sales7% of sales
Example of an illustration to show how agriculture is differentiating into large and small enterprises.
2.1
4.2
5.7 5.52.3
7.2
12.3
19.6
1
2.4
4.8
7.6
11.2
1
3
5
7
9
11
13
15
17
19
1964 1974 1984 1994 2004
Budget
(fold
of 1964)
Extension
Federal
Ag R&D
Federal Agricultural Resources Lag Federal Total SpendingFederal Agricultural Resources Lag Federal Total Spending
Example of an illustration to show why reductions in Extension positions are occurring.
Example of an illustration to show importance of the Green industry in Tennessee.
Primary Agriculture Economic Impact Primary Agriculture Economic Impact 20002000
CropsCrops1. Hay, pasture = $5681. Hay, pasture = $5682. Cotton = $3852. Cotton = $3853. Tobacco = $3693. Tobacco = $3694. Corn, sorghum = $3174. Corn, sorghum = $3175. Soybeans = $2615. Soybeans = $2616. Fruits, vegetables = $1916. Fruits, vegetables = $1917. Wheat, rice = $987. Wheat, rice = $988. Services = $978. Services = $979. Misc. crops = $89. Misc. crops = $810. Grass seed = $210. Grass seed = $2
$2.3 billion40%
Crops
LivestockGreen
$1.8 billion32%
$1.6 billion28%
LivestockLivestock1. Beef = $7601. Beef = $7602. Poultry = $4182. Poultry = $4183. Dairy = $3433. Dairy = $3434. Hogs = $1144. Hogs = $1145. Misc= $1045. Misc= $1046. Services = $986. Services = $98
GreenGreen1. Greenhouse, nursery = $4521. Greenhouse, nursery = $4522. Landscape & horticulture2. Landscape & horticulture
services = $1,185 services = $1,185
Grand Total = $5.7 billion
The data are for the 2000 crop year.The data are for the 2000 crop year.
Communicating why change is Communicating why change is needed and beneficialneeded and beneficial
Faculty, students, constituents must understand why a Faculty, students, constituents must understand why a change is beneficial to them – at least in the long runchange is beneficial to them – at least in the long run Examples from UTExamples from UT
Replacement of Department of Ag & Extension Education with the Replacement of Department of Ag & Extension Education with the Concentration in Ag & Extension EducationConcentration in Ag & Extension Education
Shift of Ag Communications from an academic to a service unitShift of Ag Communications from an academic to a service unit External communication is equally important as internal External communication is equally important as internal
communications – often more importantcommunications – often more important It is almost impossible to communicate too much – keep It is almost impossible to communicate too much – keep
repeating the messagerepeating the message Town hall meetings, departmental meetings, one-on-one Town hall meetings, departmental meetings, one-on-one
conversations, legislators, Farm Bureau officials, Dept of Agriculture, conversations, legislators, Farm Bureau officials, Dept of Agriculture, University officials, Board of TrusteesUniversity officials, Board of Trustees
Incorporating change in strategic Incorporating change in strategic plansplans
Develop a strong strategic plan for every unitDevelop a strong strategic plan for every unit Internal and external inputInternal and external input Rigorous goalsRigorous goals Consensus approach, but with Consensus approach, but with changechange as a theme as a theme
Use the plan to drive programs and allocate budgetsUse the plan to drive programs and allocate budgets Benchmarks,Benchmarks,
Keep folks updated on progress and praise them for Keep folks updated on progress and praise them for developing and implementing effective plansdeveloping and implementing effective plans
Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change
Pubic praise and recognitionPubic praise and recognition Annual “State of the Institute” addressAnnual “State of the Institute” address Publications, newslettersPublications, newsletters Personal letters, plaques, Personal letters, plaques, Patent wallPatent wall
Monetary recognitionMonetary recognition Salary increasesSalary increases Bonus incentive plan for faculty and staffBonus incentive plan for faculty and staff Annual awards program including “Team” awardAnnual awards program including “Team” award
Redirection of resources to units that embrace changeRedirection of resources to units that embrace change
Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change
Appalachian Snow Appalachian BlushAppalachian Mist
Estimated benefits for industry = $42.5 million Estimated benefits for industry = $42.5 million
Estimated value for homeowners = $50.0 million Estimated value for homeowners = $50.0 million
Dogwood Team: New Patented Dogwood Cultivars
Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change
“Insectsin the
Classroom”
Jerome GrantParis Lambdin
CASNREisenhower Grant
THEC
Rewarding ChangeRewarding Change
Giles County Beef Marketing AllianceGiles County Beef Marketing Alliance
• 13 cattle producers – focus on quality13 cattle producers – focus on quality
• Produce and market cooperativelyProduce and market cooperatively
• Added value of $48.47 per head on 8/2/02Added value of $48.47 per head on 8/2/02
• 525 head x $48.47 = $25,446.75525 head x $48.47 = $25,446.75
Examples of Change From 1998 to 2004Examples of Change From 1998 to 2004UT Institute of AgricultureUT Institute of Agriculture
OrganizationalOrganizational Number of Ag departments reduced from 21 to 8Number of Ag departments reduced from 21 to 8 Number of Vet departments reduced from 6 to 4Number of Vet departments reduced from 6 to 4
First African American Dean at 1862 LGU Veterinary CollegeFirst African American Dean at 1862 LGU Veterinary College
Transitioned 3 branch research stations to be solely supported by revenuesTransitioned 3 branch research stations to be solely supported by revenues Built multi-state partnerships through joint faculty and professional staffBuilt multi-state partnerships through joint faculty and professional staff
FiscalFiscal Grant and contract funding increased from $7M to $28M annuallyGrant and contract funding increased from $7M to $28M annually 26% budget growth with decreased state and federal appropriations26% budget growth with decreased state and federal appropriations Increased ag faculty salaries from 13th of 13 in Southern region to 5th of 13 Increased ag faculty salaries from 13th of 13 in Southern region to 5th of 13
in 5 years Increased rate of technology transfer approximately 3-foldin 5 years Increased rate of technology transfer approximately 3-fold