Lead Based Paint 101

September 2005

Liz Wilde

X 28998

Childhood Lead Poisoning

• Lead Poisoning causes irreversible damage to developing brains

• Lead is more readily ingested and absorbed by children under 6

• Once levels of 50 mcg per ml of blood were commonplace

• Now levels over 10mcg/ml are cause for concern

Childhood Lead Poisoning Exposures

• Deteriorating lead-based paint

• Lead contaminated dust

• Lead contaminated residential soil

Rates of screening for ebls 2001 CDC Data

• Region 4 States screened 326,823 of 3,680,566 children under 6 yrs. (8.8 %)

• Region 5 States screened 525,862 of 3,404,811 children under 6 yrs. (15.4 %)

EPA, HUD & CDC’s role in reducing Childhood Lead Poisoning

• HUD addresses LBP in HUD funded target housing and funds some abatement

• CDC provides grants to State & Local Health Departments and requires State Health Department to draft & implement lead poisoning prevention programs

• EPA regulates how LBP hazards should be disclosed & implements a training and certification program for lead safe work practices

Statutory Authority

• Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act (TitleX)

• Developed a comprehensive federal strategy for reducing lead paint hazard exposure.  Provided the authority for the following regulations by amending the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) to include Title IV (Lead Exposure Reduction).

Regulations

• National Lead Laboratory Accreditation Program (405(b))

• Hazard Standards for Lead in Paint, Dust, and Soil (403)

• Training & Certification Program for LBP Activities

• Pre-Renovation Education Rule (406(b)• Disclosure Rule (1018)• LBP Debris Disposal

National Lead Laboratory Accreditation Program (405(b))

• EPA has established the National Lead Laboratory Accreditation Program (NLLAP) to recognize laboratories that demonstrate the ability to accurately analyze paint chip, dust, or soil samples for lead.

• A fixed-site laboratory, a mobile laboratory, or a testing firm that operates portable equipment are all eligible to obtain EPA recognition through the NLLAP.

• An organization may choose to be recognized for one, two, or all three of the sample types in the NLLAP.

Hazard Standards for Lead in Paint, Dust, and Soil (403)

• Under the standard, lead is considered a hazard if there are greater than:

• 40 micrograms of lead in dust per square foot on floors;

• 250 micrograms of lead in dust per square foot on interior window sills and

• 400 parts per million (ppm) of lead in bare soil in children's play areas or 1200 ppm average for bare soil in the rest of the yard.

Training & Certification Program for LBP Activities

• Ensures that individuals conducting lead-based paint abatement, risk assessment, or inspection are properly trained and certified,

• That training programs are accredited, and

• That these activities are conducted according to reliable, effective and safe work practice standards.

Pre-Renovation Education Rule (4046(b))

• Ensures that owners and occupants of most pre-1978 housing are provided information concerning potential hazards of lead-based paint exposure before certain renovations are begun on that housing.

• Have to disturb 2 sq ft. or greater of surface area and have to notify owners & occupants

Disclosure Rule (1018)

• Requires disclosure of known lead-based paint and/or lead-based paint hazards by persons selling or leasing housing constructed before the phase out of residential lead-based paint use in 1978.

LBP Debris Disposal

• Regulatory Status of Waste Generated by Contractors and Residents from Lead-Based Paint Activities Conducted in Households. 

Regulations under Development

• Standards for Renovation Activities in Homes with LBP (402(c)): Seeks to establish standards for individuals and firms conducting renovation activities that create lead-based paint hazards in target housing and child-occupied facilities.

• Buildings and Structures Training & Certification (402):Seeks to establish training, certification, and work practice standards for individuals and firms conducting lead-based paint activities in public buildings (except child-occupied facilities), commercial buildings, and steel structures

• TSCA & RCRA Proposed Rulemakings for LBP Debris Disposal:  Seek to establish new standards for the management and disposal of lead-based paint (LBP) debris generated by individuals or firms.  

 

Other Activities

• In addition to monitoring and enforcing the regulations we also:

• promote education and outreach on our regulations and other lead poisoning issues

• Identify Partners and opportunities for joint or sequential activities

• Refer the public to appropriate Agencies and Departments for help with lead issues

Our Vision & Mission

• Eliminate Lead Hazards in Region 4

• Effectively & Collaboratively, Educate, enforce and guide the Lead Program in Region 4