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LC-MS Lecture 7

LC-MS

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LC-MS. Lecture 7. LC-MS. LC. Interface. Mass Analyzer. Detector. Extraction of The analyte from The solvent. Ion evaporation or ionization. Fragmentation. LC – Separation of the mixture of analytes Interface – Separation of the analyte from the solvent - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: LC-MS

LC-MS

Lecture 7

Page 2: LC-MS

LC-MS

LC – Separation of the mixture of analytes Interface – Separation of the analyte from the solvent MA (mass analyzer) – separation of the analyte molecular

ion and fragments according to their mass to charge ratio

Interface MassAnalyzer DetectorLC

Extraction ofThe analyte fromThe solvent

Ion evaporationor ionization.Fragmentation

Page 3: LC-MS

PROBLEMS IN COMBINING HPLC AND MS

HPLC Liquid phase operation 25 - 50 deg. C No mass range

limitations Inorganic buffers 1 ml/min eluent flow is

equivalent to 500 ml/min of gas

MS Vacuum operation 200 - 300 deg. C Up to 4000 Da for

quadrupole MS Requires volatile buffers Accepts 10 ml/min gas

flow

Page 4: LC-MS

Interface

Historical Moving belt Thermospray Common interfaces Electrospray APCI Special interfaces Particle beam LC/MS Continuous flow FAB Atmospheric pressure photon ionization MALDI

Page 5: LC-MS

10-5 Torr

Richard B. Cole, Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Fundamentals Instrumentation and Applications, Wiley Interscience, 1997

1 Torr10-2 – 10-4 Torr

Formation of gas phase ions from solution phase

760 Torr

Ion optics

10-5 Torr

N

Basic Electrospray Schematic

Page 6: LC-MS

API-Electrospray Interface (HP)

Page 7: LC-MS

Orthogonal ESI schematic (Waters)

Page 8: LC-MS

ZQ interface (Waters)

Page 9: LC-MS

ELECTROSPRAY

Factors to consider

• Ionic strength • Surface tension of the solvent• Volatility of the solvent• Character of the analyte ions in solution: solvated, ion paired,

etc• Mobile phase composition and amount of water• pH of the mobile phase

Page 10: LC-MS

APCI INTERFACE

Page 11: LC-MS

APCI IONIZATION CHAMBER

Page 12: LC-MS

Fragmentation

Page 13: LC-MS

PROTEIN SPECTRUM (multiple charge)

M/z

(M+1)/(z+1)

(M+2)/(z+2)

MM

M MMi

i ii

1

1

1

Page 14: LC-MS

MASS ANALYZERS

Quadrupole Ion Trap Time-of-Flight Magnetic Sector ICR (Ion-cyclotron resonance)

Page 15: LC-MS

Resolution of MA

Page 16: LC-MS

Comparison of MA

Page 17: LC-MS

Quadrupole MA

Quadrupole MA – Mass Filter

Only ions with the specific M/z could pass between rods at set values of DC and RF voltages

Page 18: LC-MS

Quadrupole MA

Page 19: LC-MS

Electromagnetic field in Quadrupole

Page 20: LC-MS

Ion Trap

Page 21: LC-MS

Ion trajectory in Ion-Trap

Page 22: LC-MS

Time-of-Flight

Page 23: LC-MS

Bipolar TOF

Page 24: LC-MS

Reflectron Time-of-Flight

Page 25: LC-MS

MS-MS

Page 26: LC-MS

TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE

Page 27: LC-MS

MS-MS (triple quad – TOF)

Page 28: LC-MS

Magnetic Sector

Page 29: LC-MS

Double focusing Magnetic sector