LAW THE FAMILY IN - Cambridge University Pressassets.cambridge.org/97811075/61793/frontmatter/...parents, Cesarina and Vincenzo; her husband, Michael; her sisters, Antonella and Marisa;

Cambridge University Press978-1-107-56179-3 — The Family in LawArchana Parashar , Francesca Dominello FrontmatterMore Information

www.cambridge.org© in this web service Cambridge University Press

THE FAMILY IN LAW

The Family in Law by Archana Parashar and Francesca Dominello provides a

jurisprudential analysis of current family law, connecting doctrinal discourse with

sociological, historical and economic analyses of the institution of the family.

The law’s reliance upon the nuclear family ideology is central to the book’s

discourse, and provides the framework for in-depth analysis of the key areas of

family law – marriage, divorce, children and property matters, as well as the legal

regulation of abortion, assisted reproductive technologies, child protection and

adoption.

The book is written for Australian legal actors whether students, academics or

professionals. Readers are encouraged to question current frameworks, critique

well-known cases and make informed conclusions about what changes could be

made to engender a fairer and more equitable society.

In developing doctrinal analysis within a theoretical framework, the approach

of the book challenges the conventional boundaries of family law, giving all

readers a solid foundation and well-rounded understanding of this area of law

and how it functions in the wider social context.

Archana Parashar is an Associate Professor in Law at Macquarie University

and an Adjunct Professor of Law at the National Academy of Legal Studies and

Research, Hyderabad and National University of Advanced Legal Studies, Kerala.

Francesca Dominello is a Lionel Murphy Scholar and lecturer in Law at Macquarie

University.

www.cambridge.org/9781107561793www.cambridge.org



THE FAMILY IN LAW

Archana Parashar and Francesca Dominello




University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom

One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA

477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia

4843/24, 2nd Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, Delhi – 110002, India

79 Anson Road, #06–04/06, Singapore 079906

Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge.

It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence

www.cambridge.orgInformation on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107561793

© Cambridge University Press 2017

This publication is copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2017

Cover designed by Tanya de Silva-McKay Typeset by Integra Software Services Pvt LtdPrinted in Singapore by C & C Offset Printing Co. Ltd., February 2017

A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library

A Cataloguing-in-Publication entry is available from the catalogue of the National Library of Australia at www.nla.gov.au

ISBN 978-1-107-56179-3 Paperback

Additional resources for this publication at www.cambridge.edu.au/academic/familylaw

Reproduction and communication for educational purposesThe Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10% of the pages of this work, whichever is the greater, to be reproduced and/or communicated by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the educational institution (or the body that administers it) has given a remuneration notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act.

For details of the CAL licence for educational institutions contact:

Copyright Agency LimitedLevel 15, 233 Castlereagh StreetSydney NSW 2000Telephone: (02) 9394 7600Facsimile: (02) 9394 7601E-mail: [email protected]

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.

Please be aware that this publication may contain several variations of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander terms and spellings; no disrespect is intended. Please note that the terms ‘Indigenous Australians’ and ‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ may be used interchangeably in this publication.




v

Acknowledgements vi

Preface vii

Table of cases x

Table of statutes xix

Chapter 1 Studying family law 1

Chapter 2 Family law and its institutions 31

Chapter 3 Marriage and marriage-like relationships 68

Chapter 4 Divorce and violence in family law 110

Chapter 5 Financial relations 150

Chapter 6 Spousal maintenance 190

Chapter 7 Private ordering of financial relations 226

Chapter 8 Children in family law: child-related disputes

under the Family Law Act 251

Chapter 9 Children in court proceedings 293

Chapter 10 Child maintenance and support and the wider social

context of Australian family law 333

Chapter 11 Family regulation: abortion and child protection 372

Chapter 12 Children and family formation: adoption and

reproductive technologies 405

Index 435

CONTENTS




vi

This book is a culmination of many years of conversations between us. We have

developed our views by sounding out colleagues and students in our classes. However,

this project is a joint venture in more ways than that and we acknowledge the inputs and

encouragement of colleagues and well wishers over time. In particular we wish to thank

the staff of Cambridge University Press for supporting the publication of this book. We

are very grateful to former Commissioning Editors, David Jackson, for encouraging us

to submit a book proposal, and Martina Edwards for overseeing the inal stages of that

process. We are particularly thankful to Lucy Russell and Emily Thomas for their patience

and guidance during the process of writing this book. We are grateful to the anonymous

reviewers for their comments on the various chapters and to Joy Window for proofreading

all of those chapters.

Macquarie Law School provided a very conducive atmosphere for completing this

project and among others we would like to thank our colleagues Natalie Klein and Lise

Barry for their support. We also wish to acknowledge the inancial assistance provided by

the Faculty of Arts, Macquarie University, and the research assistance provided by Dilara

Reznikas and Isabella Ryan.

It is only appropriate that this book on family law was made possible due to the support

of our families and we acknowledge this most sincerely. Archana dedicates the book to

her mother and father, and her husband Vasudevacharya; Francesca to the memory of her

parents, Cesarina and Vincenzo; her husband, Michael; her sisters, Antonella and Marisa;

her children, Edita and Orlando, and all her nieces and nephews. Together we dedicate

the book to our friend and mentor, Tony Blackshield, and to the memory of our friend

and colleague, Lucy Martin.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS




vii

Family law is an area we can all claim to have a vested interest in because of the impact

it can have on everyone in society. This book adopts a unique approach to the study

of family law by locating the family as central to understanding the content of family

law and its development. Approaching the study of family law in this way, we have

used an interdisciplinary framework that draws on sociological, historical and economic

analyses of the institution of the family. There are many dificulties in trying to move

across disciplinary boundaries, but in focusing on what these discourses say about the

nature of family our aim is to demonstrate how the law also has its own understanding

of what constitutes a family. The different things these discourses say about the family

provide a framework for critiquing law’s treatment of the family and thereby contribute to

achieving a fairer law.

This approach is also unique in developing a distinctly jurisprudential analysis of

family law. If, as we contend, the law has its own idea of what is a family then it becomes

more clearly apparent how the law is engaged in the construction of the legal meaning

of ‘the family’. Hence the title of the book – The Family in Law. In developing this

jurisprudential understanding of family law we are guided by the precept that legal meaning

is constructed knowledge. In jurisprudential terms this view challenges the dominant

positivist conceptions of law, particularly the understanding that the law is ascertainable

by a process of applying objective and neutral reasoning. Although positivism has many

nuances and has been challenged extensively in various critical discourses, it is also true

that it retains a hold on our collective legal imagination. Thus, while cutting edge legal

discourses are usually critical in nature, mainstream legal discourses have remained mostly

doctrinal. This is well illustrated in the divide that exists in legal scholarship between those

academic journal articles that are interdisciplinary and theoretical in an expansive sense

and legal textbooks that are largely, if not exclusively, doctrinal.

The prominence of the legal positivist mode of thinking is achieved by a number

of strands coming together; that is, in common law jurisdictions the heavy emphasis on

judicial interpretations as the source of legal meaning helps create the impression that it is

possible to discover the true meaning of any law. The conceptual device of legal reasoning

as a special kind of reasoning legitimises the authority of judges to provide objective

interpretations of the law. Legal education that emphasises learning speciic skills over

theoretical analyses of the law complements this worldview. It follows that the dominant

understanding of legal study as professional training makes engaging with critical or

interdisciplinary analyses of the law an optional extra, a matter of personal preference.

PREFACE




Prefaceviii

Critical theoretical analyses of law thus remain on the periphery of legal scholarship,

revered and ignored at the same time.

We wish to bridge the gap between critical and doctrinal analyses of the law but without

getting lost in the technical jargons of these different ways of thinking. For example, we

use Foucault’s insight that discourse is constructed and extend it to demonstrate how

legal discourse is formed at various sites. However, we intentionally avoid engaging in

technical debates about different methods of discourse analysis or on the ‘correct’ way of

interpreting Foucault’s ideas. We have also chosen not to engage with the contemporary

debates about legal positivism or critical legal thought. Our aim is to carve a path between

the technical extremes of critical and doctrinal thought in order to demonstrate how legal

meaning is constructed rather than discovered. The focus of the book is on family law

and how the family is constructed in law, but the implications of what we are saying run

deeper. In the broader context of law this approach has profound implications for all legal

actors because it means accepting that we each have a role in the construction of legal

knowledge through the way we express our own conceptions of law. This also means we

share a responsibility in the content of law and whether it operates fairly in society.

The book provides an overview of the legal doctrine on the conventional key areas

of family law – marriage formation, divorce, children and property matters. In the

discussion of these areas we develop the central thesis of the book – that family law relies

on the nuclear family construct as the norm against which all other family structures are

measured. This conceptualisation continues to reproduce certain assumptions about the

family in law; namely, that it is predominantly a private institution whose main function

is to provide economic and emotional support for its members. As will be made evident,

provisions for property settlement, child support, and the presumption of equal shared

parental responsibility cumulatively function in a way that places the greater costs of

family breakdown on the more vulnerable members of the family, in an attempt made by

the state to avoid bearing these costs itself.

This approach is problematic for a number of reasons, particularly as it implicates

family law in maintaining relations of inequality that exist in the family and in society

more broadly. As the realities of gender inequality, discrimination and poverty persist in

our society, this book is a timely contribution in considering the place of family law within

the wider social context. In demonstrating the ideological function of current family law

perpetuating the nuclear family as the dominant structure, our aim is to enable the reader

to explore the possibilities of family law engendering a more fair and equitable society.

In developing the doctrinal analysis of family law within an interdisciplinary

theoretical framework, the book challenges the conventional understanding often found

in conventional family law texts (that family law merely relects the assumptions made

about the family in other disciplines), to explore how the law makes explicit choices in

regulating family life and the values to be pursued in law. In each chapter these choices will

be exposed through an examination of the way the law understands the family, constructs




Preface ix

its own legal knowledge about the family, and how these legal assumptions impact those

seeking relief in family related matters. In exposing the choices made in the ield of family

law, readers will be able to understand the law as a site for the construction of legal

knowledge about the family. In exposing the different ways the concept of family can be

understood, the reader will be able to consider and relect on their own understanding of

the family and begin to appreciate how they could make a valuable contribution to the

construction of family law.

Archana Parashar and Francesca Dominello




x

A v A: Relocation Approach [2000] FLC 93–035 315

AA v Registrar of Births, Death and Marriages and BB [2011] NSWDC 100 422

AB v ZB (2002) 30 Fam LR 591 168

Adamson v Adamson (2014) 51 Fam LR 626 318

AI and AA v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs [2003]

FamCA 943 295

Aird v Hamilton-Reid [2007] FamCA 4 86

Aldridge v Keaton (2009) 42 Fam LR 369 104, 281

Alex, Re [2009] FamCA 1292 92

Alex, Re: Hormonal Treatment for Gender Identity Dysphoria [2004] FamCA 297 92, 267,

268, 269

AMS v AIF; AIF v AMS S [1999] 199 CLR 160 315, 316

Anderson v McIntosh (2013) 283 FLR 361 127

ASIC v Rich [2003] FLC 93–171 238, 246, 247

Attorney General (Qld) (Ex rel Kerr) v T (1983) 46 ALR 275 387

Attorney-General (Vic) v Commonwealth (1962) 107 CLR 529 40

Attorney-General for the Commonwealth v ‘Kevin & Jennifer’ (2003) 30 Fam LR 1

44, 91, 92

B and B v Minister for Immigration & Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs (2003) 199

ALR 604 295

B and B v Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs [2003]

FamCA 621 295

B and B: Family Law Reform Act 1995 [1997] FLC 92–755 315, 316

B and R and the Separate Representative [1995] FLC 92–636 310

B v B [2003] FLC 93–136 298

Baby Manji Yamada v Union of India [2008] INSC 1656 430

Bailey v Cabell [2011] FMCAfam 1020 311

Baker v Landon (2010) 43 Fam LR 675 99, 100, 105

Banks and Banks [2015] FamCAFC 36 281, 299

Barkley v Barkley (1976) 25 FLR 405 174

Barningham v Barningham [2011] FamCAFC 12 306

Beklar v Beklar [2013] FamCA 327 210

Bevan v Bevan (2013) 279 FLR 1 166, 178, 179

Bevan v Bevan (2014) 51 Fam LR 363 178, 179

Black v Black (2008) 38 Fam LR 503 233, 239, 241, 242

Boyd v Boyd [2012] FMCAfam 439 246

Brown v Brown (2007) 37 Fam LR 59 202, 204

Budding v Budding [2009] FamCAFC 165 200

TABLE OF CASES




Table of cases xi

Cadman v Hallett (2014) 52 Fam LR 149 102, 103, 129

Campbell v Cade [2012] FMCAfam 508 118, 123

Cape v Cape [2013] FLC 93–549 320

Carmel-Fevia v Fevia (No 3) [2012] FamCA 631 215

Carse v Carse [2012] FMCAfam 1202 210

Cattanach v Melchior (2003) 215 CLR 1 391, 392, 393

CCD v AGMD [2006] FLC 93–300 219

CES v Superclinics (Australia) Pty Ltd (1995) 38 NSWLR 47 389, 392

CES v Superclinics Australia Pty Ltd (Unreported, 18 April 1994) 389

Chapman v Chapman (2014) 51 Fam LR 176 178, 179

Childers v Leslie (2008) 39 Fam LR 379 329

Choudhary v McDonald [2016] FamCA 304 274

Clives v Clives [2008] FLC 93–385 221

Coad & Coad [2011] FamCA 622 146

Coghlan v Coghlan (2005) 193 FLR 9 183, 184

Commissioner of Taxation v Worsnop (2009) 40 Fam LR 552 186

Commonwealth Central Authority v Cavanaugh [2015] FLC 93–682 323

Commonwealth v Australian Capital Territory (2013) 250 CLR 441 32, 38, 47, 49, 50,

83, 91, 92

Cormick v Salmon (1984) 156 CLR 170 263

Corney v Hose [2010] FMCAfam 1462 246

CP, Re [1999] FLC 92–741 311

D and C (Imprisonment for Breach of Contact Orders) [2004] FLC 93–193 328

D v McA (1986) 11 Fam LR 214 98, 99, 100

Dahl v Hamblin (2011) 254 FLR 49 129

Davies v Sparkes (1989) 13 Fam LR 575 99, 105, 106

Davis v Davis (2007) 38 Fam LR 671 309

De Sales v Ingrilli (2002) 211 CLR 338 392, 393

Dennis v Pradchaphet [2011] FamCA 123 430, 432

Department of Communities (Child Safety Services) v Garning [2011] FamCA 485 326

Department of Community Services v Frampton (2007) 37 Fam LR 583 325

Deputy Commissioner of Taxation v Swain (1988) 81 ALR 12 185

Director-General, Department of Families, Youth and Community Care v Bennett [2000]

FLC 93–011 327

Director-General, Department of Family and Community Services v Radisson [2012] FLC

93–500 323

DJM v JLM (1998) 23 Fam LR 396 202, 208

Doherty v Doherty [2006] FamCA 199 177

Doherty v Doherty [2014] FamCAFC 20 285

Donnell v Dovey (2010) 237 FLR 53 311

Dowal v Murray (1978) 143 CLR 410 45

DP v Commonwealth Central Authority; JLM v Director-General, NSW Department of

Community Services (2001) 206 CLR 401 325

Drysdale v Drysdale [2011] FamCAFC 85 211




Table of cases xii

DS v DS (2003) 32 Fam LR 352 276

Dudley v Chedi [2011] FamCA 502 430, 432

Dundas v Blake [2013] FamCAFC 133 284

Dwyer v Kaljo (1992) 15 Fam LR 645 170

Dylan v Dylan [2008] FamCAFC 109 303, 306

Ellison v Karnchanit (2012) 48 Fam LR 33 431

Evans v Marmont (1997) 42 NSWLR 70 99

Evelyn, Re (1998) 145 FLR 90 422, 423

Everett v Everett [2014] FamCAFC 152 340

Ex parte H V McKay (1907) 2 CAR 1 360

F, Re; Ex parte F (1986) 161 CLR 376 43

Farmer v Bramley [2000] FLC 93–060 211, 218

Fedele v Fedele [2008] FamCA 836 137, 139

Fields v Smith (2015) 53 Fam LR 1 172, 173

Fisher-Oakley v Kittur [2014] FamCA 123 432

Fitzgerald-Stevens and Leslighter [2015] FCWA 25 178, 179

Flynn v Jaspar [2008] FMCAfam 314

Flynn v Jaspar [2008] FMCAfam 106 10

Fountain v Alexander (1982) 150 CLR 615 45

Fox v Public Trustee (1983) 9 Fam LR 275 82

Gala v Preston (1991) 172 CLR 243 389

GBT v BJT [2005] FamCA 683 218

Ghazel & Ghazel [2016] FamCAFC 31 50, 81

Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority [1985] 3 All ER 402 258, 301

Goddard v Patterson [2011] FamCAFC 14 218

Gollings v Scott [2007] FLC 93–319 217

Goode v Goode (2006) 36 Fam LR 422 281, 282, 284

Gould, Re (1993) FLC 92–434 46

Green-Wilson & Bishop [2014] FamCA 1031 431

H v W [1995] FLC 92–598 302

Hall v Hall [2016] HCA 23 204

Hand v Bodilly [2013] FamCAFC 98 208, 212

Harper v Harper [2013] FamCA 202 210

Harris v Caladine (1991) 172 CLR 84 246

Harris v Harris [2010] FLC 93–454 325

Hepburn v Noble [2010] FLC 93–438 317

Hibberson v George [1989] DFC 95–064 129

Hilare v Hilare [2010] FamCA 108 212

Hoffman v Hoffman (2014) 51 Fam LR 568 172

Hosking v Hosking [1995] FLC 92–579 85

Hoult v Hoult (2013) 50 Fam LR 260 244

HR and DR and Minister for Immigration & Multicultural & Indigenous Affairs [2003]

FLC 93–156 296

Hunt v Hunt (2006) 36 Fam LR 64 46




Table of cases xiii

Hyde v Hyde (1866) LR 1 PD 130 50

In the Marriage of A and J (1995) 19 Fam LR 260 313

In the Marriage of Ahmad [1979] FLC 90–633 303

In the Marriage of Al Soukmani and El Soukmani (1989) 96 FLR 388 85

In the Marriage of Aly [1978] FLC 90–519 139

In the Marriage of Aroney (1979) 5 Fam LR 535 204

In the Marriage of Ashton (1982) 8 Fam LR 675 200

In the Marriage of Atwill (1981) 7 Fam LR 573 200, 207

In the Marriage of B and C [1989] FLC 92–043 313

In the Marriage of Bailey (1989) 98 FLR 1 166

In the Marriage of Barkley [1977] FLC 90–216 145

In the Marriage of Bates and Sawyer (1977) 29 FLR 221 119

In the Marriage of Batty (1986) 83 FLR 153 119, 120

In the Marriage of Beck (No 2) (1983) 48 ALR 470 205, 219

In the Marriage of Bennett (1991) 17 Fam LR 561 276

In the Marriage of Best (1993) 116 FLR 343 175, 201, 210, 216

In the Marriage of Bevan (1993) 120 FLR 283 202, 203, 204

In the Marriage of Bozinovic (1989) 99 FLR 155 118

In the Marriage of Browne and Green (1999) 25 Fam LR 482 207, 218

In the Marriage of Chandler (1981) 6 Fam LR 736 289

In the Marriage of Clarke (1986) 11 Fam LR 364 126

In the Marriage of Clauson (1995) 18 Fam LR 693 165, 176, 200, 210, 215, 216

In the Marriage of Collins (1990) 100 FLR 340 176, 211, 215

In the Marriage of Cordell (1977) 30 FLR 308 174

In the Marriage of Cormick; Salmon, Respondent (1984) 156 CLR 170 43

In the Marriage of Crapp (1979) 35 FLR 153 167

In the Marriage of Davis [1976] FLC 90–062 139

In the Marriage of Dean [1977] FLC 90–213 139

In the Marriage of Deniz (1977) 31 FLR 114 85

In the Marriage of Dickson (1999) 24 Fam LR 460 215

In the Marriage of Duff (1977) 29 FLR 46 166

In the Marriage of Eliades (1980) 6 Fam LR 916 199

In the Marriage of English [1986] FLC 91–729 139

In the Marriage of F (1989) 13 Fam LR 189 387, 388

In the Marriage of Falk (1977) 15 ALR 189 119, 120, 121, 122

In the Marriage of Fenech (1976) 9 ALR 527 123

In the Marriage of Ferguson (1978) 34 FLR 342 173

In the Marriage of Ferraro (1992) 16 Fam LR 1 165, 171, 172

In the Marriage of Fisher (1990) 99 FLR 357 145, 173

In the Marriage of G (1994) 18 Fam LR 255 289

In the Marriage of Giammona (1985) 10 Fam LR 17 125

In the Marriage of Gill (1984) 9 Fam LR 969 168

In the Marriage of Gould (1996) 128 FLR 401 167

In the Marriage of Grimshaw (1981) 8 Fam LR 346 125




Table of cases xiv

In the Marriage of Hack [1980] FLC 90–886 145

In the Marriage of Hall (1979) 29 ALR 545 278

In the Marriage of Healey [1979] FLC 90–706 139

In the Marriage of Hickey (2003) Fam LR 355 165, 177

In the Marriage of Issom (1976) 7 Fam LR 305 212, 214

In the Marriage of Jolly [1978] FLC 90–458 139

In the Marriage of Kajewski [1978] FLC 90–472 213

In the Marriage of Kelada (1984) 9 Fam LR 576 125

In the Marriage of Kelly (No 2) (1981) 7 Fam LR 762 167

In the Marriage of Keyssner (1976) 11 ALR 542 126

In the Marriage of Kirby and Watson (1977) 3 Fam LR 11 80

In the Marriage of L [1983] FLC 91–353 312, 313

In the Marriage of Lyons and Bosely [1978] FLC 90–423 276

In the Marriage of Mallet (1984) 156 CLR 605 169, 170, 171, 172

In the Marriage of McLay (1996) 131 FLR 31 165

In the Marriage of McLeod (1976) 10 ALR 190 123

In the Marriage of Mee and Ferguson (1986) 10 Fam LR 971 207, 341

In the Marriage of Mehmet (1986) 11 Fam LR 322 168

In the Marriage of Mitchell (1995) 120 FLR 292 201, 207, 217

In the Marriage of Murkin (1980) 5 Fam LR 782 203

In the Marriage of Najjarin and Houlayce (1991) 14 Fam LR 889 86

In the Marriage of Nixon [1992] FLC 92–308 211

In the Marriage of O’Dea (1980) 6 Fam LR 675 139

In the Marriage of Omacini (2005) 33 Fam LR 134 165

In the Marriage of Opperman (1978) 20 ALR 685 125, 127

In the Marriage of Osman and Mourrali [1990] FLC 92–111 85

In the Marriage of Patsalou [1995] FLC 92–580 289

In the Marriage of Pavey (1976) 10 ALR 259 98, 119, 121, 122

In the Marriage of Plut (1987) 11 Fam LR 687 205

In the Marriage of S (1980) 5 Fam LR 831 85

In the Marriage of S S and D K Bassi (1994) 17 Fam LR 571 324

In the Marriage of Schmidt (1976) 1 Fam LR 11 355 82

In the Marriage of Schokker and Edwards; Re Leith Sinclair & Co (1986) 11 Fam LR

551 177

In the Marriage of Scott [1991] FLC 92–241 322

In the Marriage of Shaw (1989) 95 FLR 183 168

In the Marriage of Sheedy [1979] FLC 90–719 145, 173

In the Marriage of Smythe (1983) 8 Fam LR 1029 292

In the Marriage of Soblusky (1976) 28 FLR 81 145, 173, 219

In the Marriage of Spanos (1980) 6 Fam LR 345 124

In the Marriage of Steinmetz [1980] FLC 90–801 (Hogan J) 214

In the Marriage of Steinmetz [1981] FLC 91–079 214

In the Marriage of Teves III and Campomayor (1994) 18 Fam LR 844 85

In the Marriage of Todd (No 2) (1976) 9 ALR 401 98, 118, 119, 121, 122




Table of cases xv

In the Marriage of Trnka [1984] FLC 91–535 321

In the Marriage of Tye (1976) 9 ALR 529 120

In the Marriage of Vautin (1998) 23 Fam LR 627 199, 200

In the Marriage of Warby (2002) FLC 93–091 54

In the Marriage of Warne [1977] FLC 90–241 125

In the Marriage of Warren (1988) 12 Fam LR 245 79

In the Marriage of Waters and Jurek (1995) 126 FLR 311 176, 215

In the Marriage of Weir (1992) 110 FLR 403 167

In the Marriage of West and Green (1991) 114 FLR 74 184

In the Marriage of Whiteoak [1980] FLC 90–837 120

In the Marriage of Williams (1984) 9 Fam LR 789 176

In the Marriage of Wotherspoon and Cooper (1980) 7 Fam LR 71 306

In the Matter of P v P; Legal Aid Commission of NSW (1995) 19 Fam LR 1 276

J v Director General, Department of Community Services [2007] FLC 93–342 324

Jacks v Parker (2011) 248 FLR 9 167

Jamie, Re [2013] FamCAFC 110 268, 269

Jennings v Jennings [1997] FLC 92–773 120, 121

JMB, RWS & MMS v Secretary, Attorney-General’s Department [2006] FLC 93–252 325

Johnson v Page [2007] FLC 93–344 290

Jonah v White (2012) 48 Fam LR 562 101, 106

K v T (1983) 1 Qd R 396 388

K, Re (1994) 17 Fam LR 537 276

Kane v Kane (2013) 50 Fam LR 498 172

Kane v Sackett [2011] FMCAfam 468 311

Kapoor and Kapoor [2010] FamCAFC 113 167

Keaton v Aldridge [2009] FMCAfam 92 10, 103, 106, 264, 314

Kennon v Kennon (1997) 139 FLR 118 145, 146, 174, 219, 220

Kennon v Spry (2008) 238 CLR 366 166

Kevin, Re: Validity of Marriage of Transsexual (2001) 28 Fam LR 158 91

Kitman v Kitman [2007] FamCA 822 211, 222

Knightley v Brandon [2013] FMCAfam 148 311

Kozovski v Kozovski [2009] FMCAfam 1014 146

Laing v The Central Authority [1996] FLC 92–709 323

Lasic v Lasic [2007] FamCA 837 186

Lemnos v Lemnos [2007] FamCA 1058 186

Lesbirel v Lesbirel [2006] FLC 93–301 221

Lester v Lester (No 2) [2012] FMCAfam 388 210

LK v Director-General, Department of Community Services (2009) 237 CLR 582 323

Logan v Logan [2012] FMCAfam 12 248

M and L (Aboriginal Culture) (2007) 37 Fam LR 317 311

M v M (1988) 166 CLR 69 273, 290

Maples v Maples [2011] FMCAfam 510 311

Marion (No 2), Re [1994] FLC 92–448 268

Maroney v Maroney [2009] FamCAFC 45 204




Table of cases xvi

Marsden v Baker [2013] FamCA 320 210

Marsden v Winch (No 3) [2007] FamCA 1364 299

Marsh v Marsh (2014) 51 Fam LR 540 216

Mason v Mason [2013] FamCA 424 431

Masterson v Masterson [2012] FMCAfam 913 340

Maurice v Barry (2010) 44 Fam LR 62 264

Mazorski v Albright (2007) 37 Fam LR 518 299

McCall and State Central Authority; Attorney General of the Commonwealth (Intervener)

[1995] FLC 92–551 327

McCall v Clark (2009) 41 Fam LR 483 285, 318

McClintock v Levier [2009] FLC 93–401 331

Michael, Re (Surrogacy Arrangements) (2009) 41 Fam LR 694 430

Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs v B (2004) 219 CLR

365 267, 295

Moby v Schulter [2010] FamCA 748 100

Moge v Moge (1992) 43 RFL (3d) 345 207

Monticelli v McTiernan [1995] FLC 92–617 296

Morton v Berry [2014] FamCAFC 208 306

MRR v GR (2010) 42 Fam LR 531 282

Mullane v Mullane (1983) 158 CLR 436 166

Napier v Hepburn (2006) 36 Fam LR 395 290

Nawaqaliva v Marshall [2006] FLC 93–296 299

Nutting and Nutting [1978] FLC 90–410 204

Nygh v Kasey [2010] FamCA 145 81

Oates v Crest [2008] FamCAFC 29 138

Obergefell v. Hodges, 576 US __ (2015) 88

Offer v Wayne [2012] FMCAfam 912 10

Oldield and Anor & Oldield and Anor [2012] FMCAfam 22 125

Oliver (decd) v Oliver [2014] FamCA 57 86

Oltman v Harper (No 2) [2009] FamCA 1360 84

Ongal v Materns (2015) 54 Fam LR 86 329

Oscar v Acres [207] FamCA 1104 309

Otero v Otero [2010] FMCAfam 1022 245

Panagakos and Panagakos [2013] FamCA 463 166

Parker v Parker (2010) FamCA 664 243, 244

Parker v Parker (2013) 50 Fam LR 260 244, 245

Parkes v Parkes [2014] FCCA 102 248

Patel v Patel [2015] NSWDC 2 247

Paton v Trustees of British Pregnancy Advisory Service Trustees [1979] QB 276 387

Patrick, Re (2002) 28 Fam LR 579 314

Paul v Paul [2012] FLC 93–505 184

PBC v LMC [2006] FMCAfam 469 317

Peters v Peters [2012] FLC 93–511 346

Phillips v Phillips [2002] FLC 93–104 167




Table of cases xvii

Piper v Mueller [2015] FLC 93–686 236

Pippos v Pippos [2008] FamCA 542 221

Pittman v Pittman (2010) 43 Fam LR 121 166

PJM v STM [2005] FLC 93–242 184

Planned Parenthood of Southeastern Pennsylvania v Casey 505 US 833

(1992) 379

Potter v Potter [2007] FLC 93–326 290

Price v Underwood (Divorce Appeal) (2009) 41 Fam LR 614 121

R v Cook; Ex parte C (1985) 156 CLR 249 43, 263

R v Lambert; Ex parte Plummer (1980) 146 CLR 447 45

R v R [2000] FLC 93–000 303

Rabab v Rashad [2009] FamCA 69 86

Regan v Walsh [2014] FCCA 2535 102, 103, 106

Ricci v Jones [2011] FamCAFC 222 106

Rice v Asplund [1979] FLC 90–725 306

Roe v Creswick [2013] FLC 93–554 278

Roe v Wade 410 US 113 379

Russell v Russell [1999] FLC 92–877 177

Russell v Russell; Farrelly v Farrelly (1976) 134 CLR 495 41, 45

Sadlier v Sadlier [2015] FamCAFC 130 200

Sampey v Sampey [2015] FamCA 89 204

Sampson v Hartnett (No 10) [2007] FLC 93–350 318

Sand v Sand (2012) 48 Fam LR 458 166

Sanger v Sanger [2011] FLC 93–484 248

Saxena v Saxena [2006] FLC 93–268 203

Scott v Danton [2014] FamCAFC 203 178, 179

SCVG v KLD (2014) 51 Fam LR 340 281, 284, 299

Sealey v Archer [2008] FamCAFC 142 318

Secretary, Department of Health and Community Services v JWB and SMB (1992) 175

CLR 218 267, 297

Seidler v Schallhofer (1982) 8 Fam LR 598 125

Senior v Anderson (2011) 45 Fam LR 540 242

Separate Representative v JHE and GAW [1993] FLC 92–376 273

Sharman v Evans (1977) 138 CLR 563 393

Slater v Light (2011) 45 Fam LR 41 281, 299

Smith v Jenkins (1970) 119 CLR 397 389

Smyth v Pappas [2011] FamCA 434 128, 129

Snell v Bagley [2009] FMCAfam 1144 10, 314

Stanford v Stanford (2012) 247 CLR 108 151, 165, 166, 177, 178–82, 220, 373

Stanford v Stanford (2012) 47 Fam LR 105 220

Starr v Duggan [2009] FamCAFC 115 318

State Central Authority v LJK (2004) 33 Fam LR 307 323, 324

Stein v Stein [2000] FamCA 102 211

T v S [2001] FLC 93–086 273




Table of cases xviii

Talbot v Norman [2012] FamCA 96 388

Taylor v Barker (2007) 37 Fam LR 461 318

Taylor v Barker [2007] FLC 93–345 318

Thompson v Berg [2014] FamCAFC 73 60

Tokely v Tokely [2014] FLC 93–601 329

Trustee of the Property of G Lemnos v Lemnos (2009) 223 FLR 53 186

U v U (2002) 211 CLR 238 316

V v V (1985) 156 CLR 228 45

Vitzdamm-Jones v Vitzdamm-Jones; St Clair v Nicholson (1981) 148 CLR 383 45

W v G (No 1) [2005] FLC 93–247 265

W v G (No 2) (2005) 35 Fam LR 439 313

Wakim, Re; Ex parte McNally (1999) 198 CLR 511 49

Wallace v Stelzer (2013) 51 Fam LR 115 241

Watson, Re; ex parte Armstrong (1976) 136 CLR 248 56

Weldon v Asher [2014] FLC 93–579 244

Wilcock v Sain [1986] DFC 95–040 100

Wilson & Wilson [2010] FMCAfam 435 120

Wold v Kleppir [2009] FamCA 178 84

Wynn v NSW Insurance Ministerial Corporation (1995) 184 CLR 485 393

ZN v YH [2002] FLC 93–101 303




xix

Commonwealth

Acts Interpretation Act 1901

s 15A 42

Bankruptcy Act 1966 185, 186

s 35 186

Bankruptcy and Family Law Legislation

Amendment Act 2005 185

Child Support (Adoption of Laws)


Child Support (Assessment) Act 1989 156,

176, 208, 211, 224, 264, 272, 334, 336,

339, 341, 342

pt 5 div 4 subdiv B 348

pt 6 350

sch 1 348

s 4(3) 350

s 5 346

s 7A(3) 347

s 7A(3)(a) 347

s 7B 346

s 19 346

s 24(1)(b) 346

s 24(1)(ii)–(iii) 346

s 24(2) 346

s 25 346

s 25A(c) 346

s 26A 346

s 29 347

s 29(2) 346

s 30 347

s 31(1)(b) 347

s 35 342, 348

ss 35–40 345

s 36 342

s 40 349

s 41 348

s 42 348

s 43 348

s 45 348

s 49 349

s 54D 349

s 54K 347

s 55B 348

s 55C 348

s 55D 348

s 55G 348

s 55H 348

s 75 347

s 76(1) 347

s 76(3) 347

s 80C(2) 351

s 80CA 351

s 80D 351

s 80D(1) 351

s 80E(1) 351

s 80F 351

s 80G(1)(a) 351

s 80G(1)(b) 351

s 80G(1)(d) 351

s 80G(1)(e) 351

s 81 245, 350

s 82 351

s 83 351

s 84 351

s 88 351

s 92 350, 351

s 95(3) 351

s 98C 347

s 98U 350

s 117(2) 347

s 136 351

s 136(2)(a) 351

s 136(2)(b) 351

s 136(2)(c) 351

s 136(2)(d) 351

Child Support Assessment

Regulations 1989

reg 12 347

TABLE OF STATUTES




Table of statutesxx

Child Support and Family Assistance

Legislation Amendment (Budget and

Other Measures) Act 2010 347

Child Support Legislation Amendment

(Reform of the Child Support Scheme

– New Formula and Other Measures)

Act 2006 245, 345

Child Support (Registration and Collection)

Act 1988 156, 224, 334, 341

pt VI 347

pt VIA 347

pt VII 347

s 17 347

s 18 347

s 19 347

s 42 347

s 71 347

s 71A 347

s 74 347

s 75 347

s 113A(2) 347

Civil Dispute Resolution Act 2011 59, 61,

161

Constitution 32, 33, 38, 39, 44, 49, 56, 294

s 51 33, 38, 39, 40, 41, 95

s 51(xxi) 33, 41, 46, 49, 50

s 51(xxii) 33, 41

s 109 38

s 122 38

Crimes (Domestic Violence) Amendment

Act 1982 94

Employment and Workplace Relations

Legislation Amendment (Welfare

to Work and Other Measures) Act

2005 363

Evidence Act 1995

s 36 278

Family Law Act 1975 32, 33, 38, 39, 41, 42,

43, 44, 62, 63, 65–6, 94, 111, 112, 133,

136, 334, 340, 341

pt II 270

pt II div 2 32

pt II div 3 32

pt II div 4 32

pts II–III 32

pt III 32, 270

pt IIIA 270

pt IIIB 270

pt IV 53

pt IVA div 1 53

pt IVA div 1A 53

pt IVA div 2 53

pt IVA div 3 53

pt V 53

pt VI 117

pt VII 53, 62, 253, 264, 267, 270, 272, 280,

283, 294, 295, 298

pt VII div 7 340, 341

pt VII div 12A 275

pt VII div 13 subdiv C 321

pt VIIAB div 4 237, 269

pt VIII 76, 156, 161, 199, 228, 242, 243, 244,

246

pt VIIIA 227, 228, 236, 247

pt VIIIAA 76

pt VIIIAB 10, 52, 76, 96, 98, 100, 156, 161,

199, 228, 236, 247

pt VIIIAB div 1 subdiv B 199

pt VIIIB 76, 236, 248

pt XIIIA 328

pt XIIIA div 13A 328, 329, 331

s 4 242

s 4(1) 39, 53, 82, 127, 162, 166, 193, 199, 200,

236, 246, 263, 264, 265, 276, 288, 321, 430

s 4(1)(a) 166

s 4(1)(c) 199

s 4(1)(ca) 166

s 4(1)(caa) 199

s 4(1)(f) 199

s 4(2) 97

s 4AA 96

s 4AA(1) 96

s 4AA(2) 97, 98, 100, 101, 103

s 4AA(3)–(5) 97

s 4AA(6)(a)–(c) 96

s 4AB(1) 137, 288

s 4AB(2) 137

s 4AB(3) 137

s 4AB(4) 137

s 6 81, 83




Table of statutes xxi

s 8(1) 53, 199

s 10A 142

s 10B 61

s 10C 61

s 10F 57, 61

s 10G 61

s 10L 61

s 10M 61

s 11A 61, 62, 278

s 11B 61

s 12C 126

s 12E 62

s 12F 62

s 12G 62

s 13C 271

s 21 53

s 21(2) 53

s 22(2) 55

s 28(1) 54

s 28(2) 54

s 28(3) 54

s 31 54, 127

s 33 54

s 33A–33C 54

s 39 82, 127, 161

s 39(1) 54

s 39(1A) 54, 127, 161

s 39(2) 54, 127

s 39(3) 53, 127

s 39(4) 53

s 39(5) 54

s 39(6) 54

s 39(7) 54

s 39A(2) 53

s 39A(5) 199

s 39B 161

s 40(3) 54

s 43 85, 99, 124, 125

s 43(1) 124

s 43(1)(a) 10, 125

s 44 236

s 44(1B) 125

s 44(1C) 125

s 44(3) 127, 161, 200

s 44(3)(b) 200

s 44(4) 128, 161, 200

s 44(4)(b) 199, 213, 359

s 44(5) 128, 161, 200

s 44(6) 128, 161, 200

s 44(6)(b) 199

s 44A 54, 127

s 45A 54

s 46 54

s 48 118, 122, 123

ss 48–59 117

s 48(1) 118

s 48(2) 118, 126

s 48(3) 118

s 49 118, 122, 123

s 49(1) 118

s 49(2) 118, 121, 122

s 50 126

s 50(1) 126

s 50(2) 126

s 51 81

s 55A 62, 127

s 55A(1) 126

s 55A(1)(b)(i) 118

s 55A(3) 263

s 57 127

s 58 127

s 59 127

s 60B 280, 281, 284, 299, 315, 317, 330

s 60B(1) 280

s 60B(1)(a) 281

s 60B(1)(b) 281

s 60B(2) 315, 330

s 60B(2)(a) 260

s 60B(2A) 281

s 60B(2)(a) 373

s 60B(2)(b) 260, 315

s 60B(2)(e) 280

s 60B(3) 280, 308, 309

s 60CA 281, 294, 298

s 60CC 146, 281, 282, 284, 287, 289, 294,

299, 316

s 60CC(1) 281

s 60CC(2) 281, 282, 286, 299, 317

s 60CC(2)(a) 147

s 60CC(2A) 147, 282




Table of statutesxxii

s 60CC(2)(a) 285

s 60CC(2A) 287

s 60CC(2)(a) 309

s 60CC(3) 281, 294, 299, 300

s 60CC(3)(a) 301, 302

s 60CC(3)(c) 287

s 60CC(3)(h) 308, 309

s 60CC(3)(m) 312

s 60CC(4)(b) 147

s 60CC(5) 281

s 60CC(6) 308, 309

s 60CD 275

s 60CD(1) 301

s 60CD(2) 303

s 60CE 275, 303

s 60CF 290

s 60CF(1) 137, 290

s 60CF(2) 290

s 60CH 290

s 60CH(1) 290

s 60CH(2) 290

s 60CI 290

s 60CI(1) 290

s 60CI(2) 290

s 60D 270

s 60D(1) 288

s 60EA 98

s 60F(1) 264

s 60G 430

s 60G(1) 430

s 60H 98, 99, 264, 346, 422, 431

s 60H(1) 264

s 60H(2)–(3) 264

s 60HB 264, 346, 429, 431

s 60I(2)–(6) 270

s 60I(3) 62, 65–6

s 60I(7) 270

s 60I(7)–(12) 61

s 60I(8) 62, 271

s 60I(8)(a) 62

s 60I(8)(aa) 62

s 60I(8)(b) 62

s 60I(8)(c) 62

s 60I(8)(d) 62

s 60I(9) 62, 271, 287

s 60I(9)(b) 287

s 60I(9)(b)–(c) 61

s 60I(9)(e) 61

s 60I(10) 271, 287

s 60J(1) 287

s 60J(1)–(2) 137

s 60J(2) 287

s 60J(4) 287

s 61(4) 45

s 61B 265

s 61C(1) 282

s 61C(1)–(2) 265

s 61DA 146, 147, 282, 284, 285, 298

s 61DA(1) 283

s 61DA(2) 282, 283, 285, 286

s 61DA(3) 282

s 61DA(4) 282, 283, 285

s 61F(b) 308, 309

s 62G 62, 278, 303

s 62G(2) 275

s 62G(3A) 303

s 62G(3B) 303

s 62G(8) 278

s 63(2) 271

s 63B 271

s 63C(1) 271, 283

s 63C(2) 272

s 63C(2A) 272

s 63CAA 272

s 63D(1) 271

s 63D(2)(e) 271

s 63DA 270

s 63DA(1) 271

s 63DA(2) 271

s 63DA(2)(a) 271

s 63DA(2)(b) 271

s 63DA(2)(d) 271

s 63DA(2)(f) 271

s 63G(5) 272

s 64 281

s 64B(2) 272, 298

s 64B(3) 298

s 64D 271




Table of statutes xxiii

s 65 276

s 65AA 281

s 65C 272

s 65C(c) 409

s 65DAA 283, 285

s 65DAA(1) 282, 283, 284

s 65DAA(2) 282, 283, 284

s 65DAA(3) 282, 283

s 65DAA(4) 283

s 65DAA(5) 283

s 65DAC 285

s 65E 315

s 65M 329

s 65N 329, 330

s 65NA 329

s 65P 329

s 65Y 320

ss 66A–66N 341

s 66E 340

s 66F 340

s 66G 340

s 66L 340

s 66M 340

s 66R 213

s 67K 329

s 67Q 320

s 67T 320, 329

s 67Z 290

s 67Z(2) 290

s 67ZA 290

s 67ZBA 290

s 67ZBA(2) 290

s 67ZBB 148, 290

s 67ZBB(3) 137

s 67ZC 267, 294, 295

s 67ZC(1) 267

s 68B 137, 138

s 68B(1)(a) 388

s 68F 281

s 68F(2) 294, 316

s 68F(2)(f) 309

s 68L 303

s 68L(2) 276

s 68L(3) 276

s 68LA 276

s 68LA(4) 276

s 68LA(5) 277

s 68LA(6) 277

s 68P 136

s 68Q 136

s 69B 54

s 69C 272

s 69C(2) 54

s 69E 54, 272

s 69E(1) 340

ss 69H–69K 272

ss 69P–69U 264

s 69VA 264, 431

s 69W 264

s 69ZE(1) 264

s 69ZN 273, 275

s 69ZN(4)

s 69ZO 275

s 69ZP 275

s 69ZQ(1) 273

s 69ZR 273

s 69ZT 278

s 69ZT(1) 278

s 69ZV 278

s 69ZX

ss 70G–70L 321

s 70NAC 329

s 70NAE(2) 329

s 70NAE(2)(b) 329, 330

s 70NAE(3) 329

s 70NAE(4)–(6) 329

s 70NAE(5) 330

s 70NFB(2) 331

s 70NFG(2)–(3) 331

s 71 156, 199

s 71A 162, 238

s 72 153, 176, 199, 201, 202, 203, 204, 207,

214, 218, 245

ss 72–75 201

s 72(1) 200, 201, 203, 204, 205, 213, 215,

217

s 72(1)(a) 211

s 72(1)(a)–(c) 201




Table of statutesxxiv

s 72(2) 201

s 72(2)(c) 211

s 72(2)(d) 211

s 72(2)(l) 211

s 72(2)(na) 211

s 74 174, 176, 199, 200, 202, 203, 205, 213,

214

s 75 199

s 75(2) 158, 165, 167, 171, 174, 175, 176,

177, 178, 183, 184, 195, 198, 199, 200,

201, 203, 205–8, 214–21, 245

s 75(2)(a) 207

s 75(2)(b) 218

s 75(2)(f) 213

s 75(2)(g) 183, 207

s 75(2)(h) 183, 207, 211

s 75(2)(ha) 186, 221

s 75(2)(k) 207

s 75(2)(n) 215, 221

s 75(2)(n)–(naa) 202

s 75(2)(o) 145, 214

s 75(3) 213

s 75(4)(e) 215

s 75(4)(f) 215

s 77 199, 200

s 77A 199, 213, 359

s 78 162, 201

s 79 153, 156, 162, 163, 165, 171, 172, 174,

176, 178, 180, 183, 184, 186, 188, 199,

207, 214, 215, 216, 219, 220, 236, 241,

246, 248

s 79(1) 157, 163, 164, 167

s 79(1)(b) 163

s 79(2) 12, 157, 158, 163, 164, 177, 178, 179,

180, 220

s 79(4) 158, 167, 169, 175, 176, 177, 178,

179, 180, 182, 184

s 79(4)(a) 167

s 79(4)(a)–(c) 158, 165, 167

s 79(4)(a)–(g) 167

s 79(4)(b) 168

s 79(4)(c) 168, 174

s 79(4)(d) 176

s 79(4)(d)–(g) 158, 165, 167, 176

s 79(4)(e) 176, 207

s 79(4)(f) 176

s 79(4)(g) 176

s 79(5) 183

s 79(8) 162, 180

s 79(8)(b) 177

s 79(9) 62, 161

s 79A 162, 213, 248

s 80 199

s 80(1) 200

s 81 183, 201, 202

s 82 199

s 82(1)–(3) 200

s 82(4) 200, 201

s 83 199, 200, 213

s 83(1)(c) 200

s 83(1)(d) 200

s 83(2) 200

s 83(2)(a)(i) 201

s 85A 236, 246, 247

s 85A(1) 247

s 85A(3) 246

s 86 144, 162, 236

s 87 162, 236, 248

s 87(8) 248

s 87A 213

s 88B 90

s 90AE 186

s 90AE(2) 46

s 90AF 186

s 90AF(2) 46

s 90B 236, 237

ss 90B–90D 228

s 90B(1)(a)–(b) 238

s 90B(2) 237

s 90B(2)(a) 237

s 90B(2)(b) 237

s 90B(3)(a) 237

s 90B(3)(b) 237, 245

s 90C 236, 237, 242

s 90C(2) 237

s 90C(2)(a) 237




Table of statutes xxv

s 90C(2)(b) 237

s 90C(3)(a) 237

s 90C(3)(b) 237, 245

s 90D 236, 237, 242

s 90D(1) 237

s 90D(2)(a) 237

s 90D(2)(b) 237

s 90D(3)(a) 237

s 90D(3)(b) 237, 245

s 90DA 238

s 90DA(1) 238

s 90DA(1A) 238

s 90DA(2)–(5) 238

s 90E 237, 245

s 90E(b) 246

s 90F(1) 245

s 90F(1)–(1A) 359

s 90F(1A) 238, 245

s 90G 200, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243, 245

s 90G(1) 231, 238, 243, 244

s 90G(1A) 238, 241, 242, 243, 244

s 90G(1A)(c) 241, 242, 243, 244, 245

s 90G(1)(b) 240, 241

s 90G(1B) 242

s 90G(1)(b)–(ca) 231

s 90G(1)(b)(ii)–(iii) 241

s 90J 247

s 90J(1)(a) 247

s 90J(2) 247

s 90J(2A) 247

s 90J(3) 247

s 90K 247

s 90K(1) 247, 248

s 90K(1)(aa) 248

s 90K(1)(b) 248

s 90K(1)(f) 248

s 90K(1)(g) 248

s 90KA 242, 248

s 90MC 166, 236

s 90MD 249

s 90MDA 249

s 90ML 183

s 90MT(2) 183

s 90RC 97

s 90RC(3)–(5) 97

s 90RD 96

s 90RD(2) 100

s 90RG 96

s 90SB 96, 128, 200

s 90SD 96, 200

s 90SE(1) 200

s 90SF(1) 199, 200, 201

s 90SF(3) 199, 246

s 90SF(3)(a)–(r) 205

s 90SF(3)(n)–(p) 202

s 90SF(3)(p) 205

s 90SF(3)(t) 205

s 90SG 199, 200

s 90SH 199

s 90SI 199, 200, 213

s 90SI(1)(c) 200

s 90SI(1)(d) 200

s 90SI(3)(a)(i) 201

s 90SJ 199

s 90SJ(1) 200

s 90SJ(2) 200, 201

s 90SK 96

s 90SM 156, 163, 246

s 90SM(8) 162

s 90SN 162, 213

s 90SS 137

s 90SS(1) 200

s 90ST 201

s 90TA 76

s 90UA 96, 237

ss 90UA–90UD 228

s 90UB 236

ss 90UB–90UD 237

s 90UB(3) 237

s 90UC 200, 236

s 90UC(3) 237

s 90UD 236

s 90UD(3) 237

s 90UE 236, 237

s 90UH 237, 245

s 94AAA(1) 54




Table of statutesxxvi

s 94AAA(1A) 54

s 94AAA(3) 54

s 95 54

s 97(3) 55

s 98A(2A) 127

s 106B 46

s 111B 321

s 111B(4) 323

s 113 91, 388

s 114 137, 138, 387

s 114(1) 138, 388

s 114(2) 138

s 114A(1) 138

s 114A(1)(a) 138

s 114AA 138

s 114AB 138

s 117AB 147, 287

Family Law Amendment Act 1976 42, 263

Family Law Amendment Act 1983 42, 168,

263, 281, 298, 301


213


328


241, 271

Family Law Amendment Act 2004 118

Family Law Amendment (De Facto

Financial Matters and Other Measures)

Act 2008 52, 95, 151, 193, 228, 237

Family Law Amendment (Shared Parental

Responsibility) Act 2006 58, 112, 252,

260, 262, 263, 269, 272, 279, 282, 289,

294, 298, 307, 317–19, 332

Family Law (Child Abduction Convention)

Regulations 1986 321

reg 4 323

reg 4(1)(a) 323

reg 4(2) 323

reg 4(3) 323

reg 8 322

reg 16(1A) 322

reg 16(2) 324

reg 16(3) 324

reg 16(3)(a)–(c) 322

reg 16(3)(c) 325, 326

reg 16(3)(d) 327

Family Law (Child Protection Convention)

Regulations 2003 320

Family Law (Family Dispute Resolution

Practitioners) Regulations 2008

reg 25(2) 62

reg 29 62

reg 29(d)(i)–(ii) 62

Family Law Legislation Amendment

(Family Violence and Other Measures)

Act 2011 112, 252, 260, 261, 263, 282,

289

Family Law Legislation Amendment

(Superannuation) Act 2001

166, 183

Family Law Reform Act 1995 261, 265, 281,

289, 298, 302, 307, 315, 343

Family Law Regulations 1984

reg 8A 126

reg 10A 127

reg 19 138

reg 23 321

Family Law Rules 2004 59, 61, 62,

65–6, 161

div 15.5.3 167

pt 21.3 320

sch 1 pt 1 61, 161

sch 1 pt II 61

r 1.05 61

r 1.10 161

r 2.04 290

r 2.04e 148

r 3.10 127

r 8.04 276

r 11.03 161

r 12.03 62, 161

r 12.07 62, 161

r 13.04 167

r 19.10 161

Family Provision Act 1982 94

Federal Circuit Court Act 1999

pt V 54




Table of statutes xxvii

Federal Circuit Court of Australia Legislation

Amendment Act 2012 59, 161

Federal Circuit Court Rules 2001

r 24.03 167

r 25.14 127

Federal Court Rules 2011 59

Federal Justice System Amendment

(Eficiency Measures) Act (No 1)

2009 241

Marriage Act 1961 32, 33, 38, 39, 49–51, 78,

81, 263

pt IV 78

pt IV div 1 sub-div C 79

pt IV div 1 sub-div A 79

pt IV div 2 79, 84

pt IV div 3 78, 80

pt V 78

pt VI 40

s 5 10, 90, 91

s 5(1) 193

ss 11–12 87

s 13 82

ss 13–15 87

s 23 82, 90

s 23(1) 82

s 23B 82, 84

s 23B(1) 82

s 23B(1)(a) 83

s 23B(1)(b) 83–4

s 23B(1)(c) 79, 84

s 23B(1)(d) 84–7

s 23B(1)(d)(iii) 86

s 23B(1)(e) 87

s 23B(2) 76, 83

s 23B(3) 76

s 23B(6) 83

ss 25–38 79

ss 25–39 79

ss 39A–39M 79

s 42 79

s 42(1)(b)–(c) 79

s 42(5A) 79

s 42(8) 79

s 42(10) 79

s 45(1) 79, 86

s 45(2) 79

s 45(4)(a) 79

s 46 79

s 48 79, 84

s 48(1) 84

s 48(2) 84

s 48(2)–(3) 79

s 48(3) 84

s 48(3)–(5) 84

s 50(1)–(2) 79

s 88C 81

s 88D 81

s 88D(2)(d) 81

s 88E 81

s 88E(2) 81

s 88E(4) 81

s 88EA 81

ss 89–90 263

ss 89–91 40

s 94 40, 83

s 95(1) 87

s 95(3)–(4) 87

Marriage Amendment

Act 1985 80, 82

Marriage Amendment Act 2004 90

Marriage Regulations 1963 79

Matrimonial Causes Act 1959 38, 56, 61,

119, 157, 192, 240, 270, 276

s 5(1) 39

s 84(1) 198

s 84(2) 198

Migration Act 1958

s 474 296

Native Title Act 1993 401

Native Title Amendment Act 1998 401

A New Tax System (Family Assistance)

Act 1999

s 35T 347

Racial Discrimination Act 1975 367

Sex Discrimination Act 1984 421

Social Security Act 1947 94, 98

Social Security and Other

Legislation Amendment

(Welfare Payment Reform)

Act 2007 367




Table of statutesxxviii

Australian Capital Territory

Adoption Act 1993 406

s 14 409

s 15 409

s 16 409

Adoption Regulation 1993 406

Children and Young People Act

2008 396

ch 3 398

ch 12 398

ch 15 pt 15.4 399

ch 15 pt 15.5 399

s 7(a)–(d) 397

s 8 397

Civil Partnerships Act 2008 88, 106

Domestic Relationships

Act 1994 95

Domestic Violence and Protection Orders

Act 2008 136, 138

Marriage Equality (Same Sex) Act 2013 32,

49–51

Medical Practitioners (Maternal Health)


s 55B 384

s 55C 384

s 55D 384

s 55E 384

Parentage Act 2004 428

s 24(c) 429

s 41 428

New South Wales

Adoption Act 2000 406, 409, 415

s 7 410

s 8 410

s 8(1) 410

s 8(2) 410

s 23 409

s 27 409

s 28 409

s 30 409

s 54(2) 415

s 67 415

s 67(1)(d) 415


Assisted Reproductive Technology Act

2007 420

Children and Young Persons (Care and

Protection) Act 1998 396, 415

ss 7–10A 415

s 9(1) 397

s 9(2) 397

s 10 397

s 10A 415

s 10A(1) 416

s 10A(3)(a)–(d) 416

s 10A(3)(e) 416

Civil Liability Act 2002

s 70(1) 391

s 70(2) 391

Commonwealth Powers (Family

Law-Children) Act 1986 43

Crimes Act 1900 392

s 78A 96

s 82 381, 383, 389

ss 82–84 124, 381

s 83 124, 381, 389

s 84 124, 381

Crimes (Domestic and Personal Violence)

Act 2007 136, 138

s 5 137

s 14 137

s 16(2) 137

s 35 137

s 36 137

s 48 137

s 49 137

De Facto Relationships Act 1984 95, 100

Married Women’s Property Act 1883 73

Miscellaneous Acts Amendment (Same

Sex Relationships) Act 2008 422

Property Relationships Act 1984 95, 105

pt V 137

s 4(1) 95

s 5 107




Table of statutes xxix

s 5(1)(a) 107

s 5(1)(b) 107

ss 53–55 136, 137

Registered Relationships Act 2010 106

Relationships Register Act 2010 95, 106

Status of Children Act 1996 422

Surrogacy Act 2010 428, 430, 431

pt 3 div 4 430

s 8 428

s 34(1) 429

Workers’ Compensation Act 1926 94

Northern Territory

Adoption of Children Act 1994 406

s 13(1)(a) 409

s 13(1)(b) 409

s 14 409

Adoption of Children Regulations

1994 406

Care and Protection of Children Act

2007 396

div 6 398

s 10 397

s 68 399

s 86 399

De Facto Relationships Act 1991 95

Domestic and Family Violence Act

2007 136, 138

Domestic Violence Act 1995 138

Medical Services Act 382

s 11(1)(b) 382

s 11(3) 382

s 11(4) 383

s 11(6) 384

s 11(a) 382

s 11(b) 367, 382

Queensland


s 152(3) 409

s 153(2) 419


Child Protection Act 1999 396

s 5A 397


s 49A 391

Civil Partnerships Act 2011 88, 106

Commonwealth Powers (Family

Law-Children) Act 1990 43

Criminal Code Act 1899 387

s 224 381

ss 224–226 233, 381

s 225 233, 381, 383

s 226 233, 381

s 282 381, 385

Domestic and Family Violence Protection

Act 2012 136, 138


Peace and Good Behaviour Act

1982 138

Property Law Act 1974 95

Relationships Act 2011 95

Surrogacy Act 2010 428

s 20 429

s 56 428

South Australia


Adoption Regulations 2004 406

Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act

1988 420

Children’s Protection Act 1993 396

s 4(3) 397

s 4(4) 397

s 4(5) 398

Children’s Protection Regulations

2010 398


s 67(2) 391

Commonwealth Powers (Family Law) Act

1986 43

Criminal Law Consolidation Act 1935 382

s 82A(1) 382

s 82A(1)(a) 382




Table of statutesxxx

s 82A(1)(a)(ii) 382

s 82A(3) 382

s 82A(5) 384

s 82A(7)–(8) 382

De Facto Relationships Act 1996 95

Domestic Partners Property Act 1996

s 3 107

Family Relationships Act 1975 94, 421, 428

s 10HB(2)(a) 429

Intervention Orders (Prevention of Abuse)

Act 2009 136, 138


Tasmania


s 20(1) 409

s 20(4)–(5) 409


Children, Young Persons and Their

Families Act 1997

pt 2 398

pt 5 div 1 398

s 10E 397

s 52 398

Commonwealth Powers (Family Law) Act

1987 43

Family Violence Act 2014 136, 138

Justices Act 1959

pt XA 138


Relationships Act 2003 95, 96, 106

s 4 107

s 5 107

s 6 107

Reproductive Health (Access to

Terminations) Act 2013 384

s 5 384

s 6 384

s 7 384

s 9 385

Surrogacy Act 2012 428

s 40 428

Surrogacy (Consequential Amendments)

Act 2012 428

Victoria

Abortion Law Reform Act 2008 383

s 4 384

s 5 384

s 6 384

s 7 384


ss 10A–13A 409

s 11(1)(b) 409

s 11(3) 409

s 11(5) 409


Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act

2008 420, 421, 428, 431

s 44(1) 428

Children, Youth and Families Act 2005 396

s 10(1) 397

s 13 398

s 13(1)(a) 398

s 13(2)(b) 398

s 14 398

s 16 397

s 21 397

s 22 397

s 167 399

Commonwealth Powers (Family Law-

Children) Act 1986 43, 95

Crimes Act 1958

s 65 383

s 65(1) 384

s 66 383

Family Violence Protection Act 2008 136, 138


Relationships Act 2008 95, 106

s 5 107

Status of Children Act 1974

s 20(1)(a) 429

Western Australia

Acts Amendment (Abortion) Act 1998 383


s 7 409

ss 38–39 409

s 55 409




Table of statutes xxxi


Child Support (Adoption of Laws) Act

1990 346

Children and Community Services Act

2004 396

s 7 397

s 9(a)–(b) 397

s 21(1)(a)–(b) 397

s 21(2)(b) 397

Commonwealth Powers (De Facto

Relationships) Act 2005 95

Criminal Code Act 1913 383

s 199(1) 383

s 199(2) 383

s 199(3) 383

s 259 383

s 259(1) 383

Family Court Act 1997 43, 95

Family Court Amendment Act 2002 95

Health Act 1911 383

s 334 383

s 334(2) 384

s 334(3) 383

s 334(5) 383

s 334(7) 383

Human Reproductive Technology Act

1991 420


Restraining Orders Act 1997 136

pts 1–6 138

Surrogacy Act 2008 421, 428

s 8 428

s 12 429

United Kingdom

Abortion Act 1967 380, 382, 387

Adoption of Children Act 2002 413

Commonwealth of Australia Constitution

Act 1900 38

Guardianship of Infants Act 1925 255


Married Women’s Property Act

1882 73, 152

Matrimonial Causes Act 1857 38, 191, 192

Offences Against the Person Act 1861 380

Ireland

Amendment of the Constitution (Marriage

Equality) Act 2015 88

United States

Adoption and Safe Families Act 1997 413

Constitution, amend XIV 379

International Treaties

Convention against Torture and Other

Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading

Treatment or Punishment 401

Convention on the Rights of the Child 256,

258, 298, 302, 308, 401

art 12 302, 397

art 30 308

Hague Convention on Celebration

and Recognition of the Validity of

Marriages 80, 81, 82

art 11 81

art 14 81

Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of

International Child Abduction 320,

321, 322, 326, 327, 331

art 1 321

art 3 322

art 4 322

Hague Convention on Jurisdiction,

Applicable Law, Recognition,

Enforcement and Cooperation in

Respect of Parental Responsibility

and Measures for the Protection of

Children 320

Hague Convention on the Protection of

Children and Cooperation in Respect

of Intercountry Adoption 411

International Convention on the

Elimination of All Forms of Racial

Discrimination 401

Documents

LAW THE FAMILY IN - Cambridge University Pressassets.cambridge.org/97811075/61793/frontmatter/...parents, Cesarina and Vincenzo; her husband, Michael; her sisters, Antonella and Marisa;