Law and Media Literature Review

8/18/2019 Law and Media Literature Review

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Dr. RAM MANOHAR LOHIYA NATIONAL

LAW UNIVERSITY

LITERATURE REVIEW

TOPIC- FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND EXPRESION AND

ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MR. A. P. SINGHFACULTY

DR.RMLNLU, LUCKNOW

SUBMITTED BY:

AARIF MOHAMMAD BILGRAMI

ROLL NO. - 75

SEMESTER –XTH

SECTION – A


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1. Access ! "e A#r$%&es 'Pr#(c#)*es !( Free+! ! E)ress#!( %(+

/r!%+c%s Re0*%#!(

ARTICLE 12, L!(+!( IS/N 1 234526 78 8 M%rc" 4334

These Pr!"#$es se% &'% s%(!)(r)s *&r +r&()"(s% *ree)&,. The (##$ %& s#e"*" re,es *&r %he

re'$(%&! &* +r&()"(s%! +'% ($s& (##$ ,&re e!er($$ %& S%(%e (!) e/e! #r/(%e ("%&! ! %hs

(re( (!) %he &/er($$ $e($ *r(,e0&r1 *&r *ree)&, &* e2#ress&!. The re"&!se +&%h %he !ee) *&r

!)e#e!)e!% +r&()"(s%!3 *ree &* &/er!,e!% &r "&,,er"($ !%er*ere!"e3 (!) %he !ee) ! s&,e

(re(s *&r #&s%/e ("%&! %& e!s're ( /+r(!%3 )/erse +r&()"(s%! se"%&r.

These Pr!"#$es (re +(se) &! !%er!(%&!($ (!) re&!($ $(0 (!) s%(!)(r)s3 e/&$/! s%(%e

#r("%"e 4(s re*$e"%e)3 inter alia3 ! !(%&!($ $(0s (!) '),e!%s &* !(%&!($ "&'r%s6 (!) %he

e!er($ #r!"#$es &* $(0 re"&!se) + %he "&,,'!% &* !(%&!s. The (re %he #r&)'"% &* ( $&!

#r&"ess &* s%')3 (!($ss (!) "&!s'$%(%&! &/ersee! + ARTICLE 83 )r(0! &! e2%e!s/e

e2#ere!"e (!) 0&r1 0%h #(r%!er &r(!s(%&!s ! ,(! "&'!%res (r&'!) %he 0&r$).

E/er&!e h(s %he rh% %& *ree)&, &* e2#ress&!3 0h"h !"$')es %he *ree)&, %& see13 re"e/e (!)

,#(r% !*&r,(%&! (!) )e(s &* ($$ 1!)s3 re(r)$ess &* *r&!%ers3 &r($$3 ! #r!%3 ! %he *&r, &*

(r%3 %hr&'h %he +r&()"(s% ,e)( &r %hr&'h (! &%her ,e)( &* hs &r her "h&"e. The rh% %&

*ree)&, &* e2#ress&! !"$')es +&%h %he rh% &* +r&()"(s%ers %& +e *ree &* S%(%e3 #&$%"($ &r

"&,,er"($ !%er*ere!"e (!) %he rh% &* %he #'+$" %& ,(2,', )/ers% &* !*&r,(%&! (!)

)e(s ! +r&()"(s%!. Br&()"(s% "&!%e!% sh&'$) !e/er +e s'+e"% %& #r&r "e!s&rsh# e%her + %he

&/er!,e!% &r + re'$(%&r +&)es. A! s(!"%&!s *&r +re("h &* re'$(%&r r'$es re$(%! %&

"&!%e!% sh&'$) +e (##$e) &!$ (*%er %he ,(%er($ ! 9'es%&! h(s +ee! +r&()"(s%.

4. Ce(s!rs"#) I( I(+#%, T"e Tr"A"!r' Ar9( K%(

The s'##ress&! &r "&!%r&$ &* )e(s3 #'+$" "&,,'!"(%&! (!) !*&r,(%&! "r"'$(%e) 0%h! (

s&"e% s %er,e) (s "e!s&rsh#. The *ree)&, &* s#ee"h '(r(!%ee) + %he C&!s%%'%&! &* I!)(

"(! +e s'##resse) * % s "&!s)ere) &+e"%&!(+$e3 h(r,*'$3 &r !e"ess(r %& ,(!%(! "&,,'!($


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h(r,&!. G&/er!,e!%s ("r&ss %he $&+e h(/e 'se) re$&'s (r',e!%s (s 0e$$ (s &%her #&0er*'$

%e"h!9'es (!) (r',e!%s %& s'##&r% *&r %her "e!s&rsh# e**&r%s. O**e!s/e "&,,'!"(%&! ! %he

ees &* %he &/er!,e!% /(res *r&, "&'!%r %& "&'!%r3 re$&! %& re$&!3 e/e! se"% %& se"%.

M(! &/er!,e!%s #r&/)e *&r "er%(! $,%e) #r&%e"%&! ((!s% "e!s&rsh#. I% s ($0(s

!e"ess(r %& +($(!"e "&!*$"%! rh%s ! &r)er %& )e%er,!e 0h(% "(! (!) "(!!&% +e "e!s&re).

A "$(ss" e2(,#$e &* "e!s&rsh# ! I!)( s %he Ce!%r($ B&(r) &* F$, Cer%*"(%&! &r Ce!s&r

B&(r)3 0h"h "&,es '!)er %he #'r/e0 &* M!s%r &* I!*&r,(%&! (!) Br&()"(s%!. The B&(r)

re'$(r$ &r)ers3 )re"%&rs %& re,&/e (!%h! % )ee,s &**e!s/e &r s'+e"%s "&!s)ere) %& +e

#&$%"($$ s'+/ers/e. The "e!s&rsh# &* *$,s s &/er!e) + %he C!e,(%&r(#h A"%3 85. I%

(ss!s "er%*"(%&! (s U!/ers($3 A)'$%s3 (!) P(re!%($ G')(!"e %& *$,s ! I!)( +e*&re #'+$"

e2h+%&!.

:. Ce(s!rs"#) %(+ IT Ac

I!)(3 $1e ($$ "&'!%res3 s !"re(s!$ *("! ( s%'(%&! 0here $e($ *r(,e0&r1s %h(% ,()e

se!se +e*&re %he e2#$&s/e r&0%h &* %he !%er!e% (re #r&/! !"&,#$e%e &r ! s&,e "(ses +e!

re-#'r#&se) (s +$'!% !s%r',e!%s &* s%(%e #&0er. Re*&r,s (re 're!%$ !ee)e)3 (!) %he #ress're

*&r re*&r, +e!s 0%h (0(re!ess. Ths s %he *rs% ! ( seres &* #&s%s see1! %& r(se #'$(r

'!)ers%(!)! &* ss'es &* I!)(! $(0.

The ss'e &* "e!s&rsh# &* &!$!e "&!%e!% ! I!)( s ( %r"1 &!e – %he C&!s%%'%&! #er,%s

"e!s&rsh# ! "er%(! $,%e) "r"',s%(!"es. Ths s ( #r&+$e, (s )'e %& %he $&+($ !(%'re &* %he

I!%er!e%3 % s /er )**"'$% %& "&!%r&$ "&!%e!% +e! '#$&()e) ! *&re! "&'!%res (!) +e!

/e0e) ! I!)(. F'r%her3 %he %h&r! ss'e &* 0h& e%s %& )e")e %& "e!s&r "&!%e!% (!) '!)er 0h(%

"r"',s%(!"es s ( !'(!"e) )e+(%e – 0h"h '!*&r%'!(%e$ %e!)s %& +e h("1e) + (r',e!%s

+(se) &! se"'r% "&!"er!s ; !ee) *&r +r&() e,ere!" #r&/s&!s. M&s% (%%e,#%s (% "e!s&rsh#

h(/e %here*&re +ee! h(#h(


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=. D"%(%(9%; M%"%)%r% I( T"e T#es O I(+#%

NEW DELHI: If a person is found guilty of committing contempt of Supreme Court, will the ape

court!s constitutional power to punish him "e circumscri"ed "y the Contempt of Court #ct $CC#%

pro&isions'

Senior ad&ocate Harish Sal&e, appearing in the application filed "y (odafone complaining a"out

misreporting during the hearing of its case, said CC# only pro&ided the guiding principles and would

in no way limit the ape court!s power on )uantum of punishment, which in appropriate cases could

eceed what is pro&ided in the statute* +he response came to a )uery from a fi&e-udge "enchcomprising Chief .ustice S H /apadia and .ustices D / .ain, S S Ni--ar, 0an-ana 1 Desai and . S

/hehar whether #rticle 234 of the Constitution, which pro&ides that 5theSupreme Court shall "e a

court of record and shall ha&e all powers of such a court including the power to punish for contempt

of itself6, meant it was "ridled "y the CC#*

#fter hearing Sal&e!s &iew, the C.I said though the "ench had not ta7en any final &iew, it was of the

opinion that pro&isions of a statute could not limit the Constitution&ested powers of the ape court*

In the midst of long deli"eration on the necessity of framing media reporting guidelines to protect

right of an accused to reputation and dignity as well as preser&e sanctity of fair trial, the "ench as7ed

for Sal&e!s &iew on restricting press freedom deri&ed from right to free speech and epression

guaranteed under #rticle 24$2%$a% of the Constitution and whether it could only "e done through

parameters specified under #rticle 24$3%*

+he senior ad&ocate said, 5+he Supreme Court need not deal with the restrictions specified under

#rticle 24$3% "ecause it is only engaged in an eercise to define the contours of press freedom in

reporting pending in&estigation or trial of a case and "alancing it with the right of the accused to

dignity and reputation*6

5. A+* E(er%#(e( %(+ "e Sec!(+%r;eecs D!cr#(e

U!$1e$ %h&'h % ,( see,3 %he *(%e &* Frs% A,e!),e!% *ree)&,s s rre/&"(+$ "&!!e"%e) %&

%he &!&! s%r'$e +e%0ee! #'r/e&rs &* ()'$% e!%er%(!,e!% (!) )e*e!)ers &* #'+$" )e"e!".

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contempt_of_courthttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Harish-Salvehttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Vodafonehttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Chief-Justice-S-H-Kapadiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Unionhttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Supreme-Courthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speechhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARTICLE_19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contempt_of_courthttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Harish-Salvehttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Vodafonehttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Chief-Justice-S-H-Kapadiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaties_of_the_European_Unionhttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Supreme-Courthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_speechhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARTICLE_19http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Delhi


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S'##&r%ers &* %he +$$&!-)&$$(r ()'$%-e!%er%(!,e!% !)'s%r (r'e %h(% !')e )(!"! "&!%(!s %he

s(,e e$e,e!%s &* er&%"s, *&'!) ! s&-"($$e) >$e%,(%e? %he(%er (!) )(!"e (!) %here*&re

)eser/es !& $ess Frs% A,e!),e!% #r&%e"%&! %h(! ,&re ,(!s%re(, *&r,s &* e2#ress&!. C%

&**"($s "&'!%er %h(% ()'$% +'s!esses $e() %& "r,e (!) $&0er #rer% /($'es + )e,e(!! %he

9'($% &* "&,,'!%es ! 0h"h %he $&"(%e@ ,'!"#($%es ,'s% +e e,#&0ere) %& #re/e!% +$h%

(!) re)$h% )s%r"%s3 %he s(. C% &**"($s 0e$) (! (rr( &* res%r"%&!s %h(% "(! +e $e/e) &!

()'$% +'s!esses. These !"$')e res%r"%&!s &!


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#&ss+$% &* *("! "e!s&r s"ss&rs &r #&$%"($ +(!.

h$e se/er($ *$,s $1e (%er3 F!($ S&$'%&!3 (r (!) Pe("e (!) ,(! ,&re r(! !%&

ser&'s %r&'+$e 0%h %he Ce!%r($ B&(r) &* F$, Cer%*"(%&! 4here!(*%er Censor Board &r Board 6

(s %he 0ere res%r(!e) ! %he !(,e &* #'+$" !%eres%3 &%her *$,s $1e The D( !" C&)e3 %he

/er re"e!% Desh)r&h 4Tr(%&r6 h() %& *h% #&$%"($ "e!s&rsh# e/e! (*%er Ce!s&r B&(r)s

(##r&/($. These (re ! !& 0( s%r( !")e!%s +'% ($,&s% ( ss%e,(%" %re!) ! I!)(. A##(re!%$3

%h&se !")e!%s ,( +e #&&h-#&&he) (s #&$%"($ ,,"1s &r &%her %r*$es3 +'% %here s ( ,'"h

)ee#er (s#e"% !/&$/e) – s'+'(%&! &* *ree)&, &* s#ee"h (!) e2#ress&!. Free)&, &* s#ee"h

(!) e2#ress&! s %he "&!"e#% &* +e! (+$e %& e2#ress &!ese$* *ree$ 0he%her %hr&'h 0&r)s &*

,&'%h3 $%er(%'re3 (r%3 &r (! &%her ,e)', &* "&,,'!"(%&!. I% s &*%e! re(r)e) (s (! !%er($

"&!"e#% ! ,&)er! $+er($ )e,&"r("es. O! %he &%her h(!)3 "e!s&rsh# re#rese!%s )e!($ &*

*ree)&, &* s#ee"h3 &* e2#ress&! (!) &* !*&r,(%&!. Des#%e %he *("% %h(% %he C&!s%%'%&! &*

I!)( )&es !&% e2#ress$ ,e!%&! ,&%&! #"%'res (s ( ,e)', &* s#ee"h (!)e2#ress&!3 %he

h(/e +ee! s& (""e#%e) %hr&'h /(r&'s "&'r% )e"s&!s. F$,s ! I!)( h(/e +ee! "e!s&re) &! %he

r&'!)s &* &+s"e!%3 se2 (!) /&$e!"e@ +'% %hs #(#er )&es !&% !%e!) %& /e!%'re !%& %h&se (re(s3

r(%her % e2#$&res e$se0here 0here *$,s h(/e +ee! +(!!e) &r %(re%e) ! %he !(,e &* ,(!%(!!

#'+$" &r)er@ res#e"%! +e$e*s3 se!%,e!%s (!) %r()%&!s@ &r *&r "r%"

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Law and Media Literature Review