Law and Justice: First Unit

Southeast Raleigh Magnet High School Law and Justice: Unit 1 Introduction to the Legal System Bell Ringer 10 minutes: Answer the following questions in your spiral notebook. Remember to write in complete sentences.Why do Southeast Raleigh and Wake County Schools have policy and procedures?

In your own opinion, list the 3 most important rules that exist at Southeast Raleigh. Why are each of these important?

In your own opinion, list the 3 least important rules at Southeast. Why are these not important to our school?

Think Pair Share: 15 minutes TASK: Your job is to create 3 new rules at Southeast Rule with your desk groups (rules that dont already exist). You must agree on the 3 new rules. Choose one person to write them down on colored paper provided.

Think about the following for discussion later: Why did you create this particular rule? Was it difficult for your groups to agree on the new rules? Why or why not?What could be difficult about enforcing these rules?

Answer the following in complete sentences in your spiral.Think, Pair, Share with your small groups to come up with standardized answers for your notes. (15 min)What is government?Why is government important in a society? Explain what the federal, state and local governments manage? Which branch of the government makes the laws?Which branch of government enforces the laws?THINK: Why do civilizations, nations, countries decline or fall apart? List 3 reasons as your answer, using history of nations as your guide.STOP HERE FOR DAY ONEBell Work 1/8/13: Get an article from the front of the roomRead the following article and answer the following: who, what, when, and why.

Do you believe the inmates have a valid argument?

How far should companies go in taking responsibility for others actions while using that product? 1/9/13 Bell Work: What is a value? Explain several ideas that you value.

How do you know a law is fair and equal to all? List 5 laws that you believe are fair and equal to everyone in society. List 5 laws that you believe are unfair to all.

Once you have listed answered these study for your vocabulary quiz, we will take it in 10 minutes! Bell Work: 7/30 Look over your vocabulary terms: you have 7 minutes before your quiz.

Once you are finished with your quiz pick up the Need for laws handoutBell Work 7/31 use your textbook or vocabulary to answer: 12 minutesWhat is the difference between a criminal and civil case? Within each case what is the prosecution trying to find?

How do you know that a law is fair to all the citizens?

Name 5 laws that you believe are fair and just to all Americans.

Name 5 laws that your believe are unfair to some Americans if not all of them. Bell Work: 8-1 Use textbook pages 19-28How is the legislative branch divided? What type of laws does the federal government make? State government?

How is a bill drafted? What are several questions that are asked when drafting a bill?

What are government agencies? Provide examples How are these agencies affected by laws created by congress?

How is international lawmaking different from law created in a country? What is the largest international law making body? What are other advocacy groups within the United Nations?

Bell Work: 8/2 Within your groups you will have 15 minutes to complete the following handout. Use chapter 1 from your textbook.

Work quickly to answer the questions. Be ready to turn in a sheet per person.

8/3 Bell Work: Use your textbook I will collect bell work in 15 minutesWhat is Advocacy? How does this influence law making? What would be several interest you would become an advocate for?

Explain the purpose of Lobbying within the law making process. Why do lobbyist have so many critics in the United States?

Explain the processes behind the initiative, recall and referendum. Define each. How does this give more power to the people? 8/6 Bell Work

Discussion:

What do you know about this image?

Why do we need laws?

What purpose do laws serve?

15 Weve mentioned different types of crimes as we discussed the Ten Commandments (i.e. kill, steal, etc.) Shouldlaws treat different crimes in alternative ways? (Meaning, should the law and punishment for murder be differentthan the law and punishment for theft?)Explain to students that there are many different types of law and that they will trace their origins and differencestoday in class.Writing Activity:You will have 20 minutes of free writing: Prompt: Wish I could have been there, use the top ten list from today.

After looking at your top ten list, take a particular event in American history and tell which one you wish you could have seen or witnessed, been a fly on the wall.

Explain: What was the event? Provide factual information about the event, who was involved?

Why was it important to American history?

Explain why you personally would have wanted to witness this landmark time in Americas past? Describe what you would have seen? Role of the GovernmentLockes beliefs: The government was created by the people. People give up absolute freedom in exchange for safety.We call this concept consent of the governed. This is the social contract.If the government violates the social contract, citizens have the right to remove the government, because they created it. We call this notion the right to rebel.These 3 concepts are the basic philosophical foundations of this nation.17What are laws?Rules and regulations made and enforced by the government.Why do we have them?Laws regulate peoples actions and conduct.Jurisprudence: the study of law and legal philosophy.Every society/country has recognized the need for laws and rulesthese standards make them a society!18Laws reflect a societys values.Take a few minutes to explain this in your own words.

ValuesLaws reflect a societys values.Moral valueswhat we think is right or wrong. (Just because something is immoral doesnt make it illegal.Economic valueshow citizens accumulate, distribute, and preserve wealth.Political valuesthe relationship between the government and the individual citizens.Social valuesissues that are of importance to a society.Most of the time, laws reflect a variety of values.

20Values in our society: list-group-labelIn your group:Make a list of 25 things that are considered a crime or law in the United States.

2. Place those 25 crimes/laws into categories: moral, political, economic, social: 21Answer the following questions with your group: Create a list of 25 crimes within our country

After looking at these crimes what would you say is important to our society?Do you think the same offenses would be considered crimes in other countries? Why/why not?Do you think other countries consider something a crime that the U.S. may find legal? Why/why not?Laws can vary from state to state and city to city. Why do you think that is?Are punishments always the same? Why/why not?22What makes a good law?Think about it.

http://prezi.com/jji25davbbhm/our-english-heritage/ What is Law? Laws and Values Laws have been seen within every society. Society is based on the Rule of LawLaws regulate peoples actions and conduct.Jurisprudence: the study of law and legal philosophy.Every society/country has recognized the need for laws and rulesthese standards make them a society!Legal system should (1) protecting basic human rights (2) promote fairness (3) resolve conflict (4) promote social order (5) promote desirable (6) Represent the will of the majority (7) protect the minority

What is the difference between a law and a value? Describe an example of each.What are certain rights that every human should be granted?

Kinds of Laws Criminal Law: regulate public conduct Divided into felonies and misdemeanorsWhat is the difference between a felony and misdemeanor? List several criminal laws.Civil Laws: regulate relations between individuals or groups. Defendant: person accused of a crimePlaintiff: in civil cases: person or company harmed-against the defendantProvide an example of both a defendant and plaintiff.

Kinds of Law:The courts have different responsibilities in a Civil and Criminal Case:Beyond a reasonable doubt: must vote not to convict. Preponderance of the evidence: judge (jury) needs only to decide if it is more likely than not that the plaintiff's complaint is true.

What is the major differences between Criminal and Civil laws?

Our First GovernmentAfter the United States won its independence from Great Britain we established our first National Government under the Articles of Confederation.Why were the Articles of Confederation eventually thrown away in favor of the Constitution?

Federalist vs. Anti-federalistFederalist were those politicians who wanted to ratify the ConstitutionAnti-Federalist did not support the ratifying of the ConstitutionWhy were the Anti-Federalist against ratifying the Constitution?

Bill of Rights1st: freedom of religion, speech, press assembly, and petition.2nd: right to keep, and bear arms3rd: lodging troops in private homes4Th: search, seizures, proper warrants5Th: criminal proceedings, due process, eminent6Th: criminal proceedings, speedy and public trial7Th: jury trials in civil cases8Th: bail; cruel unusual punishment9th: enumerated rights to the people10th: powers reserved to the states

Judiciary Act of 1789The Constitution established the three branches of government (Executive, Legislative, and Judicial.) It did not however go into detail on each!What was the primary purpose of the Judiciary Act of 1789?

Our First PresidentGeorge WashingtonGeorge Washington was the unanimous decision to become the first PresidentHe would serve 2 terms (8-years) and was never opposedEvery thing Washington did as President was setting a precedent.What is a precedent?What major precedents did Washington establish?

Washingtons CabinetFirst Secretary of State-Thomas JeffersonFirst Secretary of the Treasury-Alexander HamiltonFirst Secretary of War-Henry KnoxFirst Attorney General-Edmund RandolphWhat does the Cabinet do?Who out of this group did Washington tend to side with on debated issues?

Hamiltons Economic PlanSec. of the Treasury was given the task of getting the upstart nations economy runningHis plan consisted of three parts:1. Assumption (Take over all the states debts from the Revolutionary War)2. Raise Money- excise tax (Whiskey Tax) and Tariff (taxes on imported goods)3. Create a National Bank

Debate over the Economic PlanHamiltons Plan was very controversial for several reasonsSouthern States did not like the idea of Assumption-Why was this the case? What was done to make them agree to sign up?Jefferson and his followers hated the idea of the National Bank. What was Jeffersons argument against the bank?

The Debate Grows and GrowsThe Economic Plan brought up issues for the new governmentWhat is strict vs. loose interpretation of the Constitution?Who held each view?What did this argument lead to?

Federalists & Democratic-RepublicansFEDERALISTS: organized during ratification of Constitution debate as individuals who favored a strong national government & led by Alexander Hamilton; believed in loose interpretation of constitution, supported tariffs to encourage growth of industry, favored govt. by the best people, and supported neutrality over involvement in Europes problemsDEMOCRATIC-REPUBLICANS: founded during Washingtons presidency to oppose Hamiltons plans; believed in strict interpretation, supported of agriculture over industry, wanted power concentrated in states &, thus, close to the people, favored support for France in the wars in Europe

Bill of Rights Links http://www.usconstitution.net/consttop_2nd.html

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k_hCJgeQ9a4 : Rap and first Amendment

http://bcove.me/x7a93fp2

DifferencesRemedies: right the wrong Burden of proof: party asserting the matterBalance of probabilityParties: Smith v Jones

Penalty: punish the offender Burden of proof: lies with the prosecutionBeyond reasonable doubtParties: R v SmithCivilCriminal41