Latin American Panel November 1, 2011

UPDATE ON

PIRACYJOSEPH ANGELO

MANAGING DIRECTOR

PIRACY - Somalia• 2009 Statistics (IMB) - 217 attempted incidents

- 114 fired upon- 1 boarded (not hijacked)- 47 hijackings (21% of incidents)

• 2010 Statistics (IMB) - 219 attempted incidents- 100 fired upon- 16 boarded (not hijacked)- 49 hijackings (22% of incidents)

PIRACY - Somalia

Most recent 2011 statistics (21 Oct)• 208 incidents• 24 hijackings (12% of incidents)• 400 seafarers taken hostage

• Currently 13 vessels and 249 seafarers being held hostage

TRANSIT PATTERNS• N / S transit of Arabian Sea vessels keeping ever

further East – running out of Ocean!• Many vessel now transiting up the 200m contour of

the Coast

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG

SW MonsoonNE MonsoonTransition Period

Hijacked Released

OP KETTING

NATO/EU/CMF COORD BOARD

DEFENSE in DEPTH

2010 vs. 2011 Piracy Incidents 27% (88 v. 121)

Piracy Success Rate 11%

Merchant Aversion Rate Rising above 60%

Cooperation With Industry • Armed Security Teams (very effective)• BMP Compliance / Self-Defense Ability• Info-Sharing (NATO Shipping Center Web)• Revised Best Management Practices

(BMP4)

International Integration • UN CGPCS, SHADE, TRADE (130+

nations)• NATO Cooperation with PRC, RF, RoK• NATO’s MPRA Deployments; French

AWACs• Focus on engagement w/ India, RSA

GOAActivity 38%SP Success Rate 0% -- 0 Hijacks in ’11 --

Arabian SeaActivity 5-foldHijacks 4-fold - Extended Mother-Ship Ops -

• 2011 $85 mil

• 2010 $90 mil

Operation Ocean ShieldSituation & Statistics

Somali BasinActivity 5%SP Success Rate 83%

NATO Focused Operations

• Deny pirates freedom to maneuver and deploy

• Part of the combined planning for the Somali Basin

• Desired effects:• Short to medium term: LIMIT the ability to

deploy to their area of operation (AOO) through disruption

• Long term: deny the ‘safe haven’ status of pirates operating bases.

Somalia

Yemen

Current Assessment for next transition period

Last focussed ops effect:

1. Pirate freedom of manuever to deploy disrupted.

2. Pirate seasonal tempo broken.

Pirate’s evolvement:

3. Logistic build-up dispersed.4. Use of forward operating bases.5. Use of North Arabian Sea and

Eastern African Approaches as Hunting Ground.

6. In this area, BMP not followed and perhaps not perceived as a high risk area by Merchant Community.

FOCUSED OPS MAY/JUN

OTHER DEVELOPMENTS

• Military assessment is Somali pirates will resume a high level of operations when the southwest monsoon subsides in September and corresponding seas become conducive for small boat operations

• Reports that pirates are now banding together in some areas in large numbers to attack vessels in ‘swarms’

OVERALL PHILOSOPHY

• Eliminating piracy is a SHARED RESPONSIBILITY between the maritime industry and governments,

BUT,

• Establishment of LAW AND ORDER on the high seas is the responsibility of governments

INTERTANKO FOCUS

• Actions members can take to protect themselves

• Actions we want governments to take to protect our members

FOCUS AREAS - INDUSTRY

• Best Management Practices (BMP)

• Citadels

• Armed guards

BMP

Three essential requirements that cannot be over emphasized:

• Register with MSCHOA

• Report to UKMTO

• Implement Self Protection Measures

BMP4

• Produced in consultation with EUNAVFOR, the NATO Shipping Centre, MSCHOA and UKMTO

• Very close cooperation with all military players in the BMP4 revision

• Funded by Industry and available free of charge

BMP4• Released August 15, 2011 (BMP3 issued 6/2010)• Updates in BMP4 include:

- Revision to the boundaries of the High Risk Area- Clarification of reporting requirements for MSCHOA and UKMTO - New subsection on “Prosecution of Pirates – Assisting Law Enforcement Authorities”, produced with INTERPOL- Guidance on the assistance provided by INTERPOL. - New section on Armed Private Maritime Security Contractors

COMPLIANCE WITH BMP

• MSCHOA – currently issuing regular Monthly Compliance Report to Industry

• Report lists vessels which are not compliant with BMP by either:

1. not Registering with MSCHOA 2. not Reporting to UKMTO 3. having no visible self protection measures

COMPLIANCE WITH BMPIndustry is responding by:• Contacting Shipping Companies on list• Emphasising need for compliance with BMP,

in particular the 3 major elements in order to harden a vessel against attack

• Urging compliance even if armed guards are being carried

• Requesting feed-back as to why vessels are not complying

• Offering advice and support

CITADELS• Since January 2010 there have been 27

recorded incidents of citadels being used by merchant crews under attack

• Reporting suggests that the citadel was decisive in foiling 23 of these attacks

• For 4, not all in citadel and/or no 2-way coms

• Pirates developing tactics to breach citadels

• Advise issued by the military regarding the use of CITADELS on MSCHOA web site

CITADELSKey essential elements if citadels are to

be used:• Everyone on the ship must be in the citadel• Must have self-contained, 2 way

communication capabilities in the citadel• Pirates must be denied access to propulsion• Must have food and water provisions for 3

days minimum• Use of a citadel does NOT guarantee a

military response

CITADELSIndustry developed guidance on citadels• Describes the construction and use of a Citadel in order

to provide effective protection against determined intrusion

• Guidance does not recommend or endorse the use of a Citadel; aim to present the relevant facts to enable the Ship Owner/Operator to reach a reasoned conclusion as to whether or not to utilise a Citadel

• Guidance has been approved by NATO, EUNAFOR and CMF and will be available on their web sites

ARMED GUARDS• 30+ recorded incidents where onboard

armed security teams were involved

• No recorded incidents of vessels with onboard armed security teams being pirated

• Military report use of armed guards rising

• If embarked, military request it is reported

• Military position – decision between shipowners and flag state

ARMED GUARDS

Major concerns• Legality for flag states and port states

• Serious potential safety concerns

• Major liability and insurance issues in the event of death or injury

• Risk of collateral damage

• Potential to provoke an escalation of fire power by the pirates (now using RPGs)

ARMED GUARDSINTERTANKO position regarding the use of armed guards

• INTERTANKO believes it is the responsibility of the international navies to ensure the right of free passage on the high seas including the use of vessel protection detachments on merchant ships

• INTERTANKO does not advocate the arming ships' crews

• INTERTANKO believes that the use of private armed guards or private security forces onboard merchant ships has to be a matter for each individual owner or manager to assess as part of their own voyage risk assessment

ARMED GUARDS

• Recognition of a need for Industry guidance

• May 2011 – Industry produces a set of Draft Guidelines for the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel

• Submitted draft guidelines to IMO Maritime Safety Committee for consideration

• MSC adopts interim guidance

ARMED GUARDSIMO Maritime Safety Committee (MSC 89)• MSC.1/Circ.1405 – Interim Guidance to

Shipowners, Ship Operators and Ship Masters on the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area

• MSC.1/Circ.1406 – Interim Recommendations for Flag States regarding the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area

ARMED GUARDSMSC Maritime Security WG – Sept 2011• Revised MSC.1/Circ.1405 and

MSC.1/Circ.1406• Developed MSC.1/Circ.1408 – Interim

Recommendations for Port and Coastal States regarding the use of Privately Contracted Armed Security Personnel on Board Ships in the High Risk Area

FOCUS AREAS - GOVTS• Increased "Government Will" to eradicate

piracy off Somalia• Cease the use of mother ships• Increased prosecution of convicted pirates• Increased naval assets in the region• Increased public awareness to drive the

desired increase in "Government Will“• Action to address the root cause of piracy

ashore in Somalia

MOTHERSHIPS• Mother ships give the pirates operational range,

duration and tactical use of hostages in almost the entire Indian Ocean

• Motherships must be controlled/immobilised

• Major concern is reprisals against crew held hostage on motherships

• Controlling /immobilising action on the high seas is preferred

• It is for the military to decide on the nature of the action and for politicians to indicate their acceptance of the need for action to be taken.

PROSECUTION• Few countries involved in counter-piracy

activity have "conspiracy to commit piracy" on their statute books

• For others, carrying fire arms, grappling hooks, ladders, etc. is not a criminal offence on the high seas

• Capture and release policy has no effect upon piracy

• All countries must increase prosecutorial action

ASSETS Currently about 30 assets in the region• European Union established an EU Naval Force

(EUNAVFOR) Operation Atalanta• Combined Maritime Force established CTF 151• China, India, Malaysia, Rep of Korea, Russia and

others• Standing NATO Maritime Group 1 (SNMG1)

For one hour response time – 83 warships

How long will the assets remain???

CONVOY ESCORT PROGRAM• Pilot project initiated by insurance industry• 18 assets to provide convoy service in IRTC• Assets under flag of legitimacy• Under tactical command of military• $27 million initial start-up costs (EU funded?)• Average cost for transit $27,500 for three days escort• Cost neutral for industry – would include 7 day War Risk

Additional Premium and Kidnap/Ransom Insurance• Some concerns raised

- would military assets remain in the region??- should industry pay for eradication of piracy??- is CEP cost-effective- legal implications related to international/territorial waters

• INTERTANKO Council does not support CEP

SOS CAMPAIGN• SaveOurSeafarers (SOS) campaign initiated by

INTERTANKO. Joined by BIMCO, ICS, ITF and INTERCARGO

• Contracted with PR firm to increase public, business and government awareness

• Phase One –

- Ad in Financial Times and World Street Journal- www.SaveOurSeafarers.com web site- Letters to UN SG, Heads of State and EU President- Interviews with press and news media- Press releases after incidents

SOS CAMPAIGN

• Phase Two –- Social media (Blog, Twitter, Facebook, etc)- Actively engage policy makers- Further ads, press releases and interviews- Seek high profile name to assist in cause

• Wider industry involvement, now includes support from 28 maritime associations/organizations

• Steering committee established to brainstorm ideas, prioritize work items and manage budget

RESULTSResults, thus far –

• 75,000+ visits to SOS website

• From 180 countries

• 23,000+ letters sent in 86 countries

• 4,100+ Facebook fans and 750+ followers on Twitter

FINAL THOUGHTS

• Register with MSCHOA• Report ship position to UKMTO• Utilize the Best Management Practices• Employ Self Protective Measures• Encourage your staff (ashore and on

your ships) to visit the SOS web site and send the letters

MILLEGRAZIE!!

WWW.INTERTANKO.COM