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ates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the United Kingdom and Italy. ©Copyright 2008 Latham & Watkins. All Rights Reserved. Les nouvelles formes de concurrence déloyale Eric Barbier de La Serre APRAM, 15 février 2007

Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

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Page 1: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the United Kingdom and Italy. ©Copyright 2008 Latham & Watkins. All Rights Reserved.

Les nouvelles formes de concurrence

déloyale

Eric Barbier de La SerreAPRAM, 15 février 2007

Page 2: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Concurrence déloyale ou concurrence agressive légale ?

Trois séries d’illustrations:

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

2. « Squattage » d’erreurs

3. Ambush marketing

Page 3: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

A. Dénigrement ex: renvoi à un site dénigrant

B. Désorganisationex: certaines formes de distribution hors réseau

C. Confusionex: noms de domaine utilisant nom commercial

Page 4: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

D. Parasitisme

« l’ensemble des comportements par lesquels un agent économique s’immisce dans le sillage d’un autre afin de tirer profit, sans rien dépenser, de ses efforts et de son savoir-faire » (Cass. com. 26 janv. 1999).

Page 5: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

Deux exemples de parasitisme sur Internet:

• « Cybersquattage »: enregistrement de noms de domaine reproduisant des marques notoires

• Usage de marques de concurrents comme méta-balises

Page 6: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Exemple de méta-balises

<meta name="Keywords" content=" chaussures sport , baskets , tennis, Adidas, Reebok, Nike" />

Page 7: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

« Initial interest confusion doctrine »• Création aux États-Unis dans les années 70• Absence de confusion finale mais captation de

l’intérêt initial• Résurgence avec le développement d’Internet• application aux méta-balises (Brookfield

Communications) (1999)• Critiques virulentes

Page 8: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Concurrence déloyale ou concurrence agressive légale ?

Trois séries d’illustrations:

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

2. « Squattage » d’erreurs

3. Ambush marketing

Page 9: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

2. « Squattage » d’erreurs

A. « Typosquatting » – squattage de coquilles

Page 10: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

« Disney.com » vs. « Dosney.com »« Iphone.com » vs. « Iohone.com »

Page 11: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the
Page 12: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

2. « Squattage » d’erreurs

B. « Typosquatting » d’erreurs téléphoniques

Page 13: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

2. « Squattage » d’erreurs

1-800-HOLIDAY1-800-465-43291-800-405-4329

Page 14: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Concurrence déloyale ou concurrence agressive légale ?

Trois séries d’illustrations:

1. Nouvelles pratiques sur Internet

2. « Squattage » d’erreurs

3. Ambush marketing

Page 15: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

3. « Ambush marketing »

Traditionnellement associé aux événements sportifs

Deux grands types:1. Par intrusion2. Par association

Page 16: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Ambush marketing par intrusion

Page 17: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Ambush marketing par intrusion

Page 18: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Ambush marketing par association

Exemple:

« Marie-José Perec, représentante officielle d’une boisson non officielle à Atlanta » (1996)

Page 19: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

Ambush marketing par association

Page 20: Latham & Watkins operates as a limited liability partnership worldwide with an affiliated limited liability partnership conducting the practice in the

3. Ambush marketing

Insuffisances du droit des marques

Application de la notion d’agissements parasitaires

Le recours aux législations spéciales