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Latest Science and Adoption Trends in the Soil
Health MovementShannon CappellazziSoil Health Institute
July 10, 2019
TODAYS TALK
• Soil Health Intro• US Ag Census• Current SHI Projects• NRCS Tech Notes • Academic Advances
SOIL HEALTH IS:The continued capacity of the
soil to function as a vital living ecosystem
within ecosystem and land use boundaries, to sustain
biological productivity, maintain the quality of air
and environments, and promote plant, animal, and
human health.
SOIL HEALTH IS:The continued
capacity of soil to function as a vital living ecosystem
that sustains plants, animals,
and humans
SOIL HEALTH RECOMMENDATIONS
Figure: NRCS USDA Applying Soil Health Management Systems to Reduce Climate and Weather Risks in the Northwest
USDA CENSUS: “NO-TILL”
• Respondents determine their tillage category
• Acres increased from 96 mill to 104 mill
- 8.3% increase• 37% of arable acres
reported no-till• Tennessee has 78.6%
CENSUS: PERCENT AVAILABLE CROPLAND WITH “NO-TILL”2017
USDA CENSUS: COVER CROPS
• Acres increased from 10.3 mill to 15.4 mill
- 50% increase• Number of farms
- 15% increase• People who already cover
cropped, added acres• 11 states has > ¼ of crop
land planted to cover crops
CENSUS: PERCENT AVAILABLE CROPLAND WITH COVER CROPS 2017
SARE SURVEY: YIELD INCREASE
SOIL HEALTH INSTITUTEACTION TEAMS
Communications and EducationPublic Policy
Economics
Research Measurements and Standards
• NAPESHM• Cotton Training• Decision Support AWHC• Research Landscape Tool• Ecosystem Services Market Consortium• Soil Health, Human Health Connections• National Association of Conservation Districts
SHI INITIATIVES
NORTH AMERICAN PROJECT TO EVALUATE SOIL HEALTH
MEASUREMENTS• 120 Long-Term Sites • 2000 Experimental Units • Management History • Yield and Economics • 31 Measurements • 16S, ITS, and Shotgun Metagenomics Sequenced• SMAF, CASH, and Haney Systems Compared
VISUALS MATCH LAB RESULTS
BOTTOM LINE BUSINESS CASE
• Economic tools needed for adoption
• Decision support tools• Enterprise Budgets
• Compare BAU to Soil Health Practices
• Economic risk to evaluate resilience
EDUCATION AND TRAINING
• Soil Health Training program for Cotton
• Farmer-mentors • NC, GA, AR then
MS, TX, and CA• Living Soil Film
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ntJouJhLM48• Highschool and college lesson plans• Soil Health Research Landscape Tool
“SOIL HEALTH” IN ARTICLES FROM GOOGLE SCHOLAR
010002000300040005000600070008000
Num
ber o
f Pub
licat
ions
Year Published
NRCS RECOMMENDED SOIL HEALTH INDICATORS AND LAB PROCEDURES
Soil Process Soil Health Indicator Recommended Method
Organic Matter Cycling & C Sequestration Soil Organic Carbon Dry Combustion
Soil Structural Stability Aggregation ARS Wet Macroaggregate Stability
General Microbial Activity Short-term C mineralization
4-day Carbon Dioxide Respiration
Specific Microbial Activity Enzyme Activity Suite of enzymes for C, N, P, S
Carbon Food Source Readily Available C Pool Permanganate oxidizable C
Bioavailable Nitrogen Available Organic N Pool Autoclaved Citrate Extractable Protein Content
Microbial Diversity Community Structure Phospholipid Fatty Acid
A MICROBES VIEW
FUNCTIONS OF BIOFILMS
Flemming 2016. EPS Then and Now
Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationTri-Societies
Conservation Technology Information CenterNational Association of Conservation Districts
Soil and Water Conservation SocietyGlobal Soil Security
The Fertilizer Institute
COORDINATING COALITION
SubscribeApply
Action TeamsAnnual Meeting
Collaborate
ENGAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIESwww.soilhealthinstitute.org
New Technology
• Saturo by Meter Group• Saturated Hydraulic
Conductivity• SeqWell Multiplexing
• Functional genomics • Slakes with iPhone• visNIR
