LATEST INVENTIONS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BYDIVYA.S.NAIRSE (MECH)-BBHARATI VIDYAPEETH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

WHAT IS MECHANICAL ENGINEERING???

Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems

Mechanical engineers use core principles like mechanics , kinematics, thermodynamics, materials science, and structural analysis along with tools like computer-aided engineering and product lifecycle management to design and analyze manufacturing plants, industrial equipment and machinery, heating and cooling systems, transport systems, aircraft, watercraft , robotics, medical devices and more.

Mechanical engineering overlaps with aerospace engineering, civil engineering, electrical engineering, and petroleum engineering to varying amounts.

The field has continually evolved to incorporate advancements in technology, and mechanical engineers today are pursuing developments in such fields as composites, mechatronics, and nanotechnology

NEED FOR NEW INVENTIONS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING:

Mechanical devices are everywhere we turn

Mechanical engineering is called the mother of all engineering for it provides the basics for most of the modern discoveries

To help reduce man’s labour and increase work efficiency

For development of science and technology

To provide new solutions to old problems

To improve the quality of life and to harness the quality of work done

LIST OF LATEST INVENTIONS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING:

STIRLING ENGINE WITH HERMETICALLY SEALED CHAMBERS

DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING SYSTEMS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IN WARMED UP AND RELIABLE PRE-STARTING CONDITION

GAS TURBINE ENGINE BOOSTING METHOD

SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF REVOLUTION NUMBER OF STAGE OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE

PUMP FOR HANDLING VISCOUS LIQUIDS

EXTERNALLY HEATED ENGINE

PLASMA-JET ENGINE WITH CLOSED-CIRCUIT ELECTRON DRIFT

HEAT ENGINE OPERATION METHOD

COMPRESSOR WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE

ELECTROCHEMICAL MOTOR

AXIAL ENGINE WIND ENGINE ROTOR

DEVICE FOR CLEANING EXHAUST GASES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

DEVICE FOR TWO SIDE DRIVE OF VALVES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

GAS TURBINE ENGINE BOOSTING METHOD

SHOCK ABSORBER THAT POWERS A CAR USING POTHOLE POWER

LIST OF LATEST INVENTIONS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING:

DEVICE FOR ELIMINATING CLEARANCE (DEAD) VOLUME OF COMBUSTION CHAMBER OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

DEVICE FOR TWO SIDE DRIVE OF VALVES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

A METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF A SYNTHETIC GASEOUS MIXTURE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES WITH GAS RECIRCULATION

ADJUSTABLE JOINT

VEHICLE WHEEL PRESSURE DROP INDICATOR

IGNITION SWITCH DEVICE FOR MAINTAINING SYSTEMS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE IN WARMED UP AND RELIABLE PRE-STARTING CONDITION

SWIRL GASOLINE PUMP TO DELIVER FUEL FROM TANK INTO VEHICLE ENGINE

WINDSHIELD CLEANING AND ANTI-ICING SYSTEM

ANTIDAZZLING LIGHT AUTOMATIC GEARSHIFT MECHANISM OF MECHANICAL MULTIPLE-SPEED GEARBOX 

And many more……….!!!Now lets discuss some of these latest inventions in the field of Mechanical Engg.

SHOCK ABSORBER THAT POWERS A CAR USING POTHOLE POWER:

One of the latest invention in technology was recently revealed by a team of researchers led by Shakeel Avadhany at Boston's Levant Power Corporation. The mechanical engineers managed to develop a system called GenShock, which represents a shock absorber that has the ability to partially power a vehicle driving through pothole-plagued locations. The device can also smooth the ride.

The invention is installed on a car. When hitting a small pothole in the road, hydraulic fluid spurts into a turbine, which afterwards starts rotating as fluid runs through it. In such a way the turbine powers a small electric generator. Scientists believe that their latest invention could someday be useful for hybrid vehicles.

Karl Hedrick, a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, who did not take part in the research, mentioned that the system works just like the regenerative braking technique, which is applied in some hybrid cars to generate power from energy discharged when a vehicle brakes.

"One could dump the extra energy in a battery instead of in the atmosphere. I don't know how significant this will be but it sounds good," he said.

STIRLING ENGINE WITH HERMETICALLY SEALED CHAMBERS:

FIELD: Heat power engineering.  CONSTRUCTION: Proposed engine contains

displacement and actuating cylinders with hermetically sealed chambers connected by main line passing through thermal converters and motion transformer. Sealed chambers in displacement and actuating cylinders are interconnected by at least two main lines with gas-distributing mechanism making it possible to admit in turn hot gas into sealed chamber of actuating cylinder from gas main lines sealed chambers proper are made to change their volume, being made, for instance, in form of corrugations welded up of flat rings and provided with bottoms, bellows, packets, or made of elastic material. They are installed in liquid-filled cylinders to act onto motion transformer. Control over gas-distributing mechanisms is provided by electric, pneumatic, hydraulic or combination mechanism. Mechanical coupling with motion transformer is made either in form of rigid coupling-pusher, rod or rigid tie-rod, or hydraulic, or flexible, in form of cable, chain, cord, tape, belt, flexible pusher or combination one.

 EFFECT: Optimization of gas flows, provision of hermetically sealed gas circuit for high pressure.

PUMP FOR HANDLING VISCOUS LIQUIDS:

FIELD: Mechanical engineering; pumps.

CONSTRUCTION: 1)Invention relates to positive-displacement pumps designed for transfer of viscous liquids at higher proportioning and delivery.

2)Proposed pump consists of housing and cover. Holder with driving and driven screws is installed inside housing. Flights of screws have base and tops with known and additional faces.

3)Additional face is formed by cut of one part along line of known face and two parts along line of outer diameter of flight.

EFFECT: Provision of complete disengagement of delivery and suction chambers and accuracy of geometric form of screw flights.

COMPRESSOR WITH HYDRAULIC DRIVE:

DEVICE FOR CLEANING EXHAUST GASES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE:

FIELD: Mechanical engineering.

CONSTRUCTION: 1)Compressor is designed for delivery of gas under high pressure.

2)Proposed compressor contains rigidly interconnected opposite cylinders with pistons secured on common rod to form gas and hydraulic spaces.

3) Each hydraulic space is furnished with telescopic bushings, inner and outer ones, spring-loaded relative to end face of cylinder and installed for limited axial displacement.

4)Radial holes are made for partial overlapping with channels.

EFFECT: Reduced time taken for changing-over distributor, thus preventing pulsation at outlet and cavitation at pump inlet.

FIELD: Mechanical engineering.  CONSTRUCTION:1) Proposed device contains

main housing with tangentially arranged intake branch pipe.

2)Main housing accommodates first porous penetrable cremate reducing catalytic unit coupled with periodical-action heater and made in form of tube.

EFFECT: Improved efficiency of exhaust gas cleaning and increased service life

AXIAL ENGINE:

FIELD: Mechanical engineering.  CONSTRUCTION:1) Invention relates to

internal combustion piston engines belonging to heat engine type in which heat energy liberated at combustion of fuel is converted into mechanical work.

2)Prismatic guides with angle-like 90o slots are installed on housing of multiple-period spatial power mechanism and slider is installed in guides for reciprocating relative to housing.

EFFECT: Simplified design, improved reliability, increased efficiency, reduced fuel consumption for power unit, increased service life as a whole

SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF REVOLUTION NUMBER OF STAGE OF GAS TURBINE ENGINE:

FIELD: Mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines.

CONSTRUCTION: 1)Proposed device comprises at least one opening cam and two symmetrical closing cams for each valve arranged at sides of opening cam on engine camshaft. Movable sleeve is mechanically coupled with valve.

2)Guide members of said sleeve are made in form of two vertical posts interconnected by cross member with lock. 3)Invention discloses design peculiarities of surfaces of opening and closing cams. 4)Invention provides reduction of fuel consumption, increase of torque at engine low speed.

EFFECT: Increased efficiency and service life of valve actuating mechanism units. 

FIELD: Automatic control of revolution number of stage of gas turbine engine.

CONSTRUCTION: 1)System includes electronic control subsystem and electronic hydromechanic actuating subsystem. 2)The last includes driving and feed-dispensing circuits of fuel meter. 3) Feed-dispensing circuit is provided with throttle meter on metering opening of which constant pressure drop is controlled in closed loop by means of slide pressure-drop valve and controlled by said axial-piston pump.

EFFECT: Improved design allowing to eliminate abnormal modes at operation of system.

DEVICE FOR TWO SIDE DRIVE OF VALVES OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE:

EXTERNALLY HEATED ENGINE:

FIELD: Mechanical engineering. CONSTRUCTION: 1)Proposed invention

makes it possible to increase efficiency of Stirling engines owing to complete elimination of leaks through rods of working pistons at absolute sealing of cylinders and engine. 2)Externally heated engine contains at least one cylinder with heater, regenerator, cooler and lines connecting said units, and also working and displacement pistons and mechanism to convert translational motion rotation. 3) Each cylinder is installed in guides, and lines are furnished with bellows. 4)Generator coupled with electromagnets by power cables is installed on one axis with crankshaft.

EFFECT: Increased efficiency of Stirling engines.

PLASMA ENGINE WITH TWO ACTIVE SUPERCONDUCTOR ANTENNAS:FIELD: Vehicles including aircraft and spacecraft.

CONSTRUCTION: Method involves conversion of high-frequency electromagnetic wave energy into magnetomotive force using magnetic components of electrodynamics fields radiated by each antenna to control high-frequency currents in other antenna.

EFFECT: Enhanced economic efficiency and reduced mass and size of engine.

GAS TURBINE ENGINE BOOSTING METHOD:FIELD: Aviation.

CONSTRUCTION: Proposed method of boosting gas turbine engine at supersonic speeds comes to simultaneously increasing delivery of air and fuel into main combustion chamber.

EFFECT: increased thrust of gas turbine engine.

WINDSHIELD CLEANING AND ANTI-ICING SYSTEM:FIELD: Transport engineering.CONSTRUCTION: Invention relates to cleaning and anti-icing system designed for easy and quick cleaning of windshields from ice or snow. Proposed system has first housing with air inlet and outlet passing through walls of first housing and fluid inlet and outlet also passing through walls of first housing , and also first air pipe connected with inlet and outlet for air, first fluid pipe connected with fluid inlet and outlet, heating element connected with fan provided with motor and reliably installed in second housing designed for mounting in vehicle engine compartment, and heater designed for connection with pump of fluid reservoir and connected with second fluid pipe which is connected with first fluid pipe.EFFECT: Improved reliability of windshield anti-icing system.

ANTIDAZZLING LIGHT:FIELD: Automotive Industry.CONSTRUCTION: Proposed light has light source placed in focus of reflector shaped as paraboloid of revolution. Flux of parallel beams coming from reflector is then reflected from stack of planar relatively parallel plates of optically transparent glass with plate thickness and air gaps between them being much greater than wavelengths of visible light; then linearly polarized reflected light flux is used for illuminating roadbed. Reflector is built integral with light source for turning relative to vertical or horizontal axis and is locked in lower beam position when flux of parallel beams is reflected from stack of plates or in upper beam position when flux of parallel beams is passed directly to road.EFFECT: Enhanced safety of vehicle in darkness due to reduced dazzling of drivers by oncoming traffic.

CONCLUSION:There are many more things in this world yet to be invented. Like car which does not require fuel but which can run on water and many more!!!!!

Scientists and engineering's all around the world are working towards these inventions and the way things are going the future looks bright for scienceand technology…… 

THANK YOU!!!!