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LAST MILE DIGITAL SERVICES
FOR SMALLHOLDER FARMERS
Agricultural Development Program
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 2
Stages of Agricultural Transformation1
1) Adapted from P. Timmer. 2) Smallholder farmers (SHFs): Work on farms <4 ha.
Agricultural Development
Focus
COUNTRY-LED INCLUSIVE AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION (IAT)
• Crop Discovery and
Translational Sciences
• Livestock
• Nutritious Food Systems
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 3
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT FOCUS AREAS
• Enabling Country Systems: Africa
• Enabling Country Systems: Asia
• Seed Systems and Varietal
Improvement
• Global Policy and Advocacy
• Digital Farmer Services
• Women’s Empowerment
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 4
DIGITAL FARMER SERVICES PORTFOLIO
Soil Health and AgronomyImprove farm management and input use for sustained soil health and crop productivity
Ag-Data EcosystemEnable DFS with ag-tech platforms, data, content, analytics, and interoperable enterprise-grade systems
Agricultural Advisory Services
Link farmers to the knowledge necessary to drive productivity gains
Smart Farming
Integrating advisory, finance, market access and
technology to support farming as a business
Market Linkages
Digital access to input and offtake markets, market prices and supply chain
Inclusive Finance
Enable SHFs to invest in improvements in farm
productivity, mitigate risk, and improve resilience
FASTER
ICT reduces the time traditionally spent to deliver products
and services to smallholder farmers e.g., market linkage
platforms can help farmers save up to 4-8 hours spent
selling produce1
CHEAPER
ICT reduces transaction costs through increased transparency,
elimination of intermediaries and/or remote product delivery
e.g., ICT-enabled RAS can lower costs by ~40%2
TAILORED
ICT supports products and services that are better
designed to address farmer’s specific needs
SCALE
ICT enables services and products to reach scale that
outpaces the ability of human to human interaction
INTEGRATED
ICT allows for increased integration between multiple
services and products, allowing the end user to have
seamless access to information needed to make decisions
1. Anecdotal evidence based on Digital Green’s Loop pilot. 2. Based on a study in Niger where one of two in-person extension sessions was
replaced with SMS messages or a helpline call. Source: Expert interviews; Akker, Dial A For Agriculture (2010).
DIGITAL FARMER SERVICES ENABLING SCALE
Digital Services offer significant increases in incomes and yields
Preliminary findings from CTA report – not for official citation
Additionally, engaged users of digital solutions are rapidly increasing
EXAMPLE:
Therefore, we see digital as a means to best serve SHFs
16M
10M
46M
30M
125M
75M
Unique non-engaged users
Unique engaged users
2019 2022 2030
30%
23%
18%
38%
37%
73%
SHF Income increase (%)
SHF Yield increase (%)
Digital Advisory Services
Bundled
models
provide
greatest
increases
Digital Financial Services
Digital Market Linkages
Bundled Digital Services
57%
168%
Average numbers are reported
Note: Figures not to scale
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 5
SMART FARMING FOR SMALLHOLDERS
A suite of self-service digital tools leveraging ag-tech in support of
smallholder farm businesses
Photo by Daljit Singh, Feed the Future
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 6
Remote Sensing, Drones, Digital ID, Cloud+Edge Compute, Sensors+IoT, AI, ML etc.
Timely Agronomic AdvisoryUse data driven agronomic advisory to apply the right amount and blend
of fertilizer at the right time
Post Harvest & Market
Adjust to the WeatherCheck weather forecast on a phone and delay planting to avoid loss due
to lack of rainfall
Receive a Disease AlertBased on a disease risk SMS from the national surveillance system procure and apply a fungicide to
protect the crop
Apply Correct TreatmentReceive advice from a smart phone app on the proper medication for
sick livestock
Sell Products OnlineTake products to a market
slightly further away because of a better price secured through a
digital marketplace
Receive Insurance PayoutReceive a mobile money insurance payment for lost crop due to heavy rainfall through in the latter part of
the season
Order a Tractor ServiceUse a digital service to order and
schedule a walk behind tractor for plot preparation
Plan the seasonusing market information,
livestock prices, soil health, seed performance and climate predictions from a tablet
Purchase seeds and fertilizer via mobile money using a bundled
loan secured with transactional history and climate risk for those
seeds
Learn New TechniquesWatch and discusses a video
demonstration of plant spacing at a community meeting
Management
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 7
SMALLHOLDER DIGITAL INFORMATION AND SERVICES
Timely Agronomic AdvisoryUse data driven agronomic advisory to apply the right amount and blend
of fertilizer at the right time
Post Harvest & Market
Adjust to the WeatherCheck weather forecast on a phone and delay planting to avoid loss due
to lack of rainfall
Receive a Disease AlertBased on a disease risk SMS from the national surveillance system procure and apply a fungicide to
protect the crop
Apply Correct TreatmentReceive advice from a smart phone app on the proper medication for
sick livestock
Sell Products OnlineTake products to a market
slightly further away because of a better price secured through a
digital marketplace
Receive Insurance PayoutReceive a mobile money insurance payment for lost crop due to heavy rainfall through in the latter part of
the season
Order a Tractor ServiceUse a digital service to order and
schedule a walk behind tractor for plot preparation
Plan the seasonusing market information,
livestock prices, soil health, seed performance and climate predictions from a tablet
Purchase seeds and fertilizer via mobile money using a bundled
loan secured with transactional history and climate risk for those
seeds
Learn New TechniquesWatch and discusses a video
demonstration of plant spacing at a community meeting
Management
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 8
SMALLHOLDER DIGITAL INFORMATION AND SERVICES
ENABLING DIGITAL SYSTEMS FOR AGRICULTURE
Digital Farmer Services
Data and Content
Infrastructure and Policy
The underpinning Digital and Data Ecosystem powering Digital Agriculture
Primary Data Secondary Data
Digital Products
Weather &
Agro-Climate
Models
InfrastructurePolicy
National ID
Farmer ID
Delivery Technology
Cell
CoverageCloud
Services
Retail
Stores
SMS
AppsWeb
Chat &
Chatbots
Open
Data
FAIR
Data
Governance
Credit &
Insurance
Products
Agronomic &
Livestock
AdvisoryUSSD
IVRPest &
Crop/Animal
Disease
Alerts
API’s
Pest &
Disease
ModelsGrowth &
Yield
Models
Finance
Policy
Satellite &
Drone
Imagery
IoT
Sensors
Soil
Diagnostics
Weather
Stations
Weather
Forecast
& Alerts
Soil
Maps
Farmer
Profiles
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 9
Field
Trials
Surveys &
Crowd
Sourcing
Payment
HistoryLivestock
Monitoring
Milk Prod.
Credit
Scoring
AlgorithmsSeed
Suitability
Digital
Market
& Prices
Digital
Input
Ordering
ICT
Policy
Ag Ext.
Policy
Handset
& Phone
Services
Africa Soil Information Service
250 meter resolution maps of predicted soil
properties across Africa.
© Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation | 10
INVESTMENT EXAMPLES
Digital Green
Peer to peer digital video on best agronomic
practices in India. 6,000 videos, 900K
screened.
Photo by Daljit Singh, Feed the Future © Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation |
Stewart [email protected]
DIGITAL
FARMER
SERVICESAgricultural Development Program
