Laser Vs Plasma Vs Oxy Fuel Angularity, Kerf, Heat Effect Zone

Each process produces different edge quality in terms of angularity. Angularity is measured by

looking at edge deviation, or the amount of deviation the angle makes from a straight edge. Laser

will typically give you the least amount of edge deviation or angle, oxyfuel will give you the most

and plasma is somewhere in the middle.

Kerf is the width of the material that is removed during the

process. For laser, the width of the kerf varies between 0.006 inches to 0.020 inches, depending on

the thickness of the plate. Note that while the kerf is very small, it is wider at the top of the cut. If we

were to compare half-inch plate, the kerf width for laser is 0.0138 to 0.0157 inches.

In comparison, the kerf width using plasma on half-inch can range anywhere from 0.053

inches to 0.340 inches, depending on the thickness. Oxyfuel will result in the greatest kerf width.

All three processes will produce a heat-affected zone on the edge of the cut. Laser gives the

smallest depths — 0.004 to 0.008 inches — oxyfuel produces the largest, and again, plasma is in the

middle.

For both laser and plasma, the hardness levels are somewhat dependent on the gases used.

All three processes can produce a certain amount of dross or slag. Oxyfuel produces the most, and

since it is the slowest of the three processes, it is often the hardest to remove. Both laser and

plasma offer virtually dross-free cutting up to certain thicknesses.

Tolerance is largely dependent on the accuracy of the cutting machine, so while we can provide

numbers, it is really best to work with your table manufacturer.

Thickness of material is also a factor to consider for tolerance levels.

In general, laser will produce tolerances anywhere from 0.006 inches to

0.015 inches. Plasma tolerances range from 0.015 to 0.030 inches, and oxyfuel ranges from 0.020

inches to 0.030 inches.

Enlarge this picture

Enlarge this picture

Enlarge this pictureA comparison in the speed, parts production capabilities and speed of return on investment for cutting methods and machinery.