Larry Hornak Co-Director, CITeR, West Virginia University NSF I/UCRC 2003 Annual Meeting

Larry HornakLarry HornakCo-Director, CITeR, West Virginia UniversityCo-Director, CITeR, West Virginia University

NSF I/UCRC 2003 Annual MeetingWashington, DC, January 8-9 2004

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Research in Research in Emerging Areas: Emerging Areas: Defense and Defense and Homeland SecurityHomeland Security

Center for Identification Technology ResearchAn NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC)in the area of Biometrics

CITeR http://www.citer.wvu.edu

OutlineOutline

• Biometrics Biometrics • CITeR evolution in the context of CITeR evolution in the context of

Homeland Security.Homeland Security.• Federal Organizations as Members and Federal Organizations as Members and

Partners in Center growthPartners in Center growth



Automated biometric systems rapidly capture a Automated biometric systems rapidly capture a physiological “signature” of an individual physiological “signature” of an individual (template), compare this signature to one or (template), compare this signature to one or more previous records, and renders a match more previous records, and renders a match score for each comparison. score for each comparison.

Automated Biometric Systems Automated Biometric Systems

• Ideally a biometric is unique, universal, collectable, and permanent in a user population.

• Fingerprint, Iris, Face, Hand Geometry, Voice, Signature

• Threshold score for a positive match is determined by population statistics and the application. ???

Biometrics is an enabling technology for establishing trust and privacy Biometrics is an enabling technology for establishing trust and privacy in a global, networked society, enabling individuals to both securely in a global, networked society, enabling individuals to both securely project and protect their identity.project and protect their identity.

Biometric Systems, properly implemented, provide a means• For an individual to tightly bind his/her physical presence with his/her

actions (Authentication), or• To determine whether an unidentified individual is among a group

(Identification).

Biometric Identification Biometric Identification System Application System Application

Research Challenges Research Challenges What are issues central to the viability What are issues central to the viability

of automated biometric system of automated biometric system design?design?

• Performance – Impact on Design and Implementation, FAR/FMR, FRR/FNMR Testing

• Circumvention – Can the system be spoofed?• Acceptance – Perhaps the single most important

issue for Biometric systems

Highly interdisciplinary – EE, CpE, CS, Highly interdisciplinary – EE, CpE, CS, Statistics, Law, Sociology, Public Policy…Statistics, Law, Sociology, Public Policy…

CITeR’s OriginCITeR’s Origin• Planning Efforts began in 1999.• Organization: Virtual Multi-university• Original Target Membership – 1st: A biometrics industry

and systems integrators serving an IT need for authentication that is tightly bound to the user, 2nd: DoD, criminal justice, government.

• Planning Conference Fall 2000. • Began formally as NSF I/UCRC with Center award in

Dec 2001. Key government, industry member advocates.

Center for Identification Technology ResearchAn NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center (IUCRC) in the area of Biometrics


CITeR’s EvolutionCITeR’s Evolution

By 2002, both membership and portfolio By 2002, both membership and portfolio reflected shift in biometrics community reflected shift in biometrics community (suppliers and end-users) post 9-11:(suppliers and end-users) post 9-11:

• Government memberships more than doubled – multiple NSA organizations, TSA, FBI, DoD.

• Government members became partners.

• Increased interest by systems integrators.

• Portfolio emphasized scaling, performance modeling, multibiometrics, security, and acceptance / public policy.



CITeR’s EvolutionCITeR’s EvolutionBy Fall 2002 Members’ Meeting …By Fall 2002 Members’ Meeting …• Specific projects have evolved to a level where increased

funding levels are required for the next step in the work. • Given critical needs of the community, members opted to

continue to support a spectrum of projects, rather than focus on limited areas with concentrated funding.

• Members support a “seeding” concept of center activity. Promote the Center seeking larger awards to bring specific work initiated in the Center to the next level.



Major NSF Cross-Directorate Program

$3.2M Four-year program proposed

Funded through NSF by DHS. Year one award pending ($800K)

CITeR Information Technology CITeR Information Technology Research (ITR) Pending Award Research (ITR) Pending Award



Biometrics – Performance, Security, and Social Impact

L. A. Hornak, B. Cukic, and H. SinghWest Virginia UniversityA. Jain

Michigan State University S. Schuckers

Clarkson University

L. S. NelsonUniversity of Pittsburgh

M. SchuckersSt. Lawrence University

CITeR ITR Proposal Theme CITeR ITR Proposal Theme In the emerging age of ubiquitous computing and pervasive IT, biometrics enables the trust and privacy which are prerequisites to a free society.

Task 2: Reduction of Performance Barriers: Multibiometrics and Liveness Det. Clarkson, Michigan State, WVU

Task 3: Societal Impact StudyUniv. of Pittsburgh, U of Michigan Survey Center

Task 4: Implications of Technological MaturityUniv. of Pittsburgh, WVU

Task 5: Biometric System Design Methodologies.WVU, U. of Pittsburgh

Task 6: Realization of Broader Impacts: Outreach, Education, and Dissemination.WVU & all institutions

Task 1: Performance Evaluation Framework St. Lawrence, Clarkson, Michigan St., WVU

Shared Expertise & Results.

Coordinated Data Collection

Joint MultibiometricDatabase

Collaborative Research Domain

NSF ITR Project Roadmap and Task Flow Plan Leverages

CITeR’s collaborative relationships

CITeR’s Research Activity Base

Value to CITeR MembershipValue to CITeR Membership• Research leverages past projects and feeds

future portfolio directions.– Frees-up funding pool resources and stimulates

new innovation

• ITR Showcase Sessions: ITR research updates given at public sessions of CITeR Conferences. – Co-located with biannual CITeR Meetings– Reporting & input on research directions– Rapid access to and understanding of research

products

Role of Federal Org. Members as Role of Federal Org. Members as Partners in Development of Partners in Development of

Emerging Areas Emerging Areas – Relative stability of federal memberships– Typically longer-term research view– Insight into federal research needs.– Become partners in Center growth as Center

helps them achieve their organization’s goals. – Spread word within the government of Center

Research activities and successes.– Serve an advocacy role for the Center in

government circles.

Questions and DiscussionQuestions and Discussion



Documents

Larry Hornak Co-Director, CITeR, West Virginia University NSF I/UCRC 2003 Annual Meeting