Large Biological Molecules Multiple Choice Review

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Large BiologicalMolecules

Multiple Choice Reviewwww.njctl.org

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1 Why is information about carbon critical to understanding the “molecules of life”? A it is the backbone of biological

molecules required for lifeB it is the only element that can form

triple bonds

Cit results in the theory of vitalism (organic molecules are produced only in living organisms)

D it is able to cause dehydration synthesis

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1 Why is information about carbon critical to understanding the “molecules of life”? A it is the backbone of biological

molecules required for lifeB it is the only element that can form

triple bonds

Cit results in the theory of vitalism (organic molecules are produced only in living organisms)

D it is able to cause dehydration synthesis [This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A

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2 Organic chemistry is the study of compounds containing _________

A carbon and hydrogen

B carbon and helium

C carbon and nitrogen

D hydrogen and nitrogen

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2 Organic chemistry is the study of compounds containing _________

A carbon and hydrogen

B carbon and helium

C carbon and nitrogen

D hydrogen and nitrogen

[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


3 What is the characteristic of carbon atoms that most contributes to its importance to critical biological molecules?

A the ability to bond with eight (8) other atomsB the ability to form hydrogen, carbon and

covalent bondsC the ability to choose the type of molecule

to produceD the ability to form 4 (four) bonds

producing a 3D structure

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3 What is the characteristic of carbon atoms that most contributes to its importance to critical biological molecules?

A the ability to bond with eight (8) other atomsB the ability to form hydrogen, carbon and

covalent bondsC the ability to choose the type of molecule

to produceD the ability to form 4 (four) bonds

producing a 3D structure[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

D


4 Why are fossil fuels, such as gasoline, considered organic compounds?

A they contain both hydrogen and carbon

B they contain hydrogen

C they contain carbon

D they are only produced from living organisms

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4 Why are fossil fuels, such as gasoline, considered organic compounds?

A they contain both hydrogen and carbon

B they contain hydrogen

C they contain carbon

D they are only produced from living organisms[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


5 There are two forms of hydrocarbons. Which is most able to accept new atoms and why?

A saturated hydrocarbons; they have double or triple bonds that can be broken

B saturated hydrocarbon; they have single bonds only which are easier to break

C unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have double or triple bonds that can be broken

D unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have single bonds only which are easier to break

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5 There are two forms of hydrocarbons. Which is most able to accept new atoms and why?

A saturated hydrocarbons; they have double or triple bonds that can be broken

B saturated hydrocarbon; they have single bonds only which are easier to break

C unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have double or triple bonds that can be broken

D unsaturated hydrocarbons; they have single bonds only which are easier to break[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


6 There are many different types of proteins created by bonding amino acids together. How is this possible when there is a small set of amino acids? A each protein is composed of 1-2

unique monomersB each protein has exactly the same

monomers

C each protein is an arrangement of monomers in a unique manner

D each protein acts differently depending upon the organism

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6 There are many different types of proteins created by bonding amino acids together. How is this possible when there is a small set of amino acids? A each protein is composed of 1-2

unique monomersB each protein has exactly the same

monomers

C each protein is an arrangement of monomers in a unique manner

D each protein acts differently depending upon the organism


Ans

wer

C


7 Monomers are bonded together by which of the following processes?

A hydrolysis

B non-hydration lysis

C ionic bonding

D dehydration synthesis

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7 Monomers are bonded together by which of the following processes?

A hydrolysis

B non-hydration lysis

C ionic bonding



Ans

wer

D


8 Which of the following lists correctly identifies the characteristic structures within an amino acid?

A ammonia - carbon group - side chain

B NH3 - COOH - side chain

C NO2 - COH - side chain

D N2OH- COOH - side chain

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8 Which of the following lists correctly identifies the characteristic structures within an amino acid?

A ammonia - carbon group - side chain

B NH3 - COOH - side chain

C NO2 - COH - side chain

D N2OH- COOH - side chain


Ans

wer

B


9 When proteins are formed the _____ and of one amino acid combines with the _______ end of a second amino acid for form a ___________

A acid; amine; monopeptide

B amine; amine; polypeptide

C amine; acid; monopeptide

D acid; amine; polypeptide

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9 When proteins are formed the _____ and of one amino acid combines with the _______ end of a second amino acid for form a ___________

A acid; amine; monopeptide

B amine; amine; polypeptide

C amine; acid; monopeptide

D acid; amine; polypeptide[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

D


10 There are 20 standard amino acids. How do they differ from each other?

A the amine groups can vary

B the carboxyl groups can vary

C the carbons can vary

D the side chains can vary

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10 There are 20 standard amino acids. How do they differ from each other?

A the amine groups can vary

B the carboxyl groups can vary

C the carbons can vary

D the side chains can vary[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

D


11 Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the structure of proteins?

A shape is driven by chemistry; shape dictates function

B shape is driven by chemistry; polarity dictates function

C shape is driven by environment; environment dictates function

D shape is driven by chemistry; environment dictates function

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11 Which of the following statements best describes the impact of the structure of proteins?

A shape is driven by chemistry; shape dictates function

B shape is driven by chemistry; polarity dictates function

C shape is driven by environment; environment dictates function

D shape is driven by chemistry; environment dictates function[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


12 For which level of structure in proteins do the side chains play the biggest role?

A secondary

B tertiary

C primary

D quaternary

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12 For which level of structure in proteins do the side chains play the biggest role?

A secondary

B tertiary

C primary

D quaternary[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

B


13 How does a protein change during denaturation and why is this important?

A the protein loses amino acids; the polarity may be changed

B the protein loses its shape; the protein cannot function

C the protein loses HOH; dehydration synthesis cannot occur

D the protein gains amino acids; the protein changes into a different protein

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13 How does a protein change during denaturation and why is this important?

A the protein loses amino acids; the polarity may be changed

B the protein loses its shape; the protein cannot function

C the protein loses HOH; dehydration synthesis cannot occur

D the protein gains amino acids; the protein changes into a different protein


Ans

wer

B


14 Proteins play many critical roles in organisms. Which of the following pairs correctly connects the function of a protein to its class?

A cytoskeleton is structural; antibodies are defense

B speed regulation is enzymes; muscles are hormonal

C hair is storage; hemoglobin is transport

D hormones are signaling; membrane proteins are enzymes

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14 Proteins play many critical roles in organisms. Which of the following pairs correctly connects the function of a protein to its class?

A cytoskeleton is structural; antibodies are defense

B speed regulation is enzymes; muscles are hormonal

C hair is storage; hemoglobin is transport

D hormones are signaling; membrane proteins are enzymes


Ans

wer

A


15 Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Which of the following represents the general formula for carbohydrates?

A CxH2xOx

B CO2xHC CxHxOx

D C2xHxO2x

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15 Carbohydrates consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Which of the following represents the general formula for carbohydrates?

A CxH2xOx

B CO2xHC CxHxOx

D C2xHxO2x[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


16 The monomer of polysaccharides is a _____________. Table sugar is an example of a __________________.

A monocarbohydrate; dicarbohydrate

B disaccharide; disaccharide

C monosaccharide; disaccharide

D monosaccharide; monosaccharide

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16 The monomer of polysaccharides is a _____________. Table sugar is an example of a __________________.

A monocarbohydrate; dicarbohydrate

B disaccharide; disaccharide

C monosaccharide; disaccharide

D monosaccharide; monosaccharide[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


17 When comparing proteins and carbohydrates, the following similarities can be identified:

A both consist of linked monomers via the process of hydrolysis

B both consist of linked monomers via the process of dehydration synthesis

C both consist of linked amino acids via the process of hydrolysis

D both consist of linked sugars via the process of dehydration synthesis.

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17 When comparing proteins and carbohydrates, the following similarities can be identified:

A both consist of linked monomers via the process of hydrolysis

B both consist of linked monomers via the process of dehydration synthesis

C both consist of linked amino acids via the process of hydrolysis

D both consist of linked sugars via the process of dehydration synthesis.


Ans

wer

B


18 Three types of polysaccharides are particularly important to living organisms. They each perform functions vital to cells. Which of the following correctly identifies two of these types of polysaccharides and their primary functions?

A starch, storage; glucose, energyB starch, cell walls; glucose, storageC glucose, cell walls; cellulose, energy

D cellulose, storage by animals; glucose, storage by plants

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18 Three types of polysaccharides are particularly important to living organisms. They each perform functions vital to cells. Which of the following correctly identifies two of these types of polysaccharides and their primary functions?

A starch, storage; glucose, energyB starch, cell walls; glucose, storageC glucose, cell walls; cellulose, energy

D cellulose, storage by animals; glucose, storage by plants [This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


19 One type of carbohydrate can be seen in the image below. How does its structure reflect its function?

AThis image is of glucose as its long chain molecules reflect its use for storage

BThis image is of starch as its long chains allows for long term storage

CThis image is of glycogen as the cross chains reflect its use by muscles.

D This image is of cellulose as its structure reflects its strength

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19 One type of carbohydrate can be seen in the image below. How does its structure reflect its function?

AThis image is of glucose as its long chain molecules reflect its use for storage

BThis image is of starch as its long chains allows for long term storage

CThis image is of glycogen as the cross chains reflect its use by muscles.

D This image is of cellulose as its structure reflects its strength


Ans

wer

D


20 Nucleic acids, such as RNA, consist of monomers of __________________. Each of these monomers consists of __________, ____________, and _______.

A amino acids; side chain, carboxyl group, glucose

B nucleotides; side chain, sugar, nitrate groupC nucleotides; sugar, nitrogenous base,

phosphate groupD amino acids; sugar, nitrogenous base,

phosphate group

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20 Nucleic acids, such as RNA, consist of monomers of __________________. Each of these monomers consists of __________, ____________, and _______.

A amino acids; side chain, carboxyl group, glucose

B nucleotides; side chain, sugar, nitrate groupC nucleotides; sugar, nitrogenous base,

phosphate groupD amino acids; sugar, nitrogenous base,

phosphate group[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


21 There are five types of nitrogenous bases, four of which are found within DNA molecules. These are:

A adenine, thymine, guanine, uracil

B adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine

C adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

D adenine, uracil, phosphate, ribose

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21 There are five types of nitrogenous bases, four of which are found within DNA molecules. These are:

A adenine, thymine, guanine, uracil

B adenine, uracil, guanine, cytosine

C adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

D adenine, uracil, phosphate, ribose[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


22 Pair bonding occurs in DNA between purine molecules and pyrimidine molecules. Why must this type of pairing take place?

AThe genetic sequence is found on the pyrimidine bases, so there must be a pyrimidine in each step of the DNA ladder

BThe number of hydrogen bonds between the bases must “match” in order for the helix to be double stranded.

CThe phosphate bonds required to hold each single strand together must match up in order to produce the double helix.

D The double strand is held together by peptide bonds, which allows for the genetic code.

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22 Pair bonding occurs in DNA between purine molecules and pyrimidine molecules. Why must this type of pairing take place?

AThe genetic sequence is found on the pyrimidine bases, so there must be a pyrimidine in each step of the DNA ladder

BThe number of hydrogen bonds between the bases must “match” in order for the helix to be double stranded.

CThe phosphate bonds required to hold each single strand together must match up in order to produce the double helix.

D The double strand is held together by peptide bonds, which allows for the genetic code.


Ans

wer

B


23 Which of the following best describes the form and function of one type of nucleic acid?

A RNA, a double helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

B RNA, a single helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

C DNA, a single helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

D DNA, a double helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

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23 Which of the following best describes the form and function of one type of nucleic acid?

A RNA, a double helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

B RNA, a single helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

C DNA, a single helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.

D DNA, a double helix, functions primarily as an archive of genetic information.


Ans

wer

D


24 The nucleotides of DNA form ___________________ bonds. _____________ bonds with guanine and _________________ bonds with ________________.

A oxygen; cytosine, adenine, uracil

B hydrogen; guanine, adenine, cytosine

C hydrogen; cytosine, adenine, thymine

D helium; cytosine, adenine, thymine

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24 The nucleotides of DNA form ___________________ bonds. _____________ bonds with guanine and _________________ bonds with ________________.

A oxygen; cytosine, adenine, uracil

B hydrogen; guanine, adenine, cytosine

C hydrogen; cytosine, adenine, thymine

D helium; cytosine, adenine, thymine[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


25 Molecules may be hydrophobic, hydrophilic or amphiphilic. Lipids are either _______________ or ____________.

A hydrophilic, amphiphilic

B hydrophobic, amphiphilic

C hydrophobic, hydrophilic

D hydrophilic, hydrophilic

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25 Molecules may be hydrophobic, hydrophilic or amphiphilic. Lipids are either _______________ or ____________.

A hydrophilic, amphiphilic

B hydrophobic, amphiphilic

C hydrophobic, hydrophilic

D hydrophilic, hydrophilic[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

B


26 Fatty acids contain ___________-hydrogen bonds, making them ____________. The phosphate “head” in a phospholipid is ______________. The entire phospholipid molecule, therefore, is _______________.

A carbon; hydrophobic; hydrophilic; amphiphilic

B hydrogen; hydrophilic; hydrophilic; amphiphilicC carbon; hydrophilic; hydrophilic; hydrophobicD hydrogen; hydrophobic; hydrophobic; hydrophobic

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26 Fatty acids contain ___________-hydrogen bonds, making them ____________. The phosphate “head” in a phospholipid is ______________. The entire phospholipid molecule, therefore, is _______________.

A carbon; hydrophobic; hydrophilic; amphiphilic

B hydrogen; hydrophilic; hydrophilic; amphiphilicC carbon; hydrophilic; hydrophilic; hydrophobicD hydrogen; hydrophobic; hydrophobic; hydrophobic[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


27 The image below represents a type of lipid molecule. It is identifiable by two characteristic smaller molecules. Identify the lipid and the smaller molecules. A triglyceride; glucose, fatty acids

B triglyceride; glycerol, fatty acidsC triglyceride; glycerol, phospholipidD fatty acid; glucose; triglyceride

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27 The image below represents a type of lipid molecule. It is identifiable by two characteristic smaller molecules. Identify the lipid and the smaller molecules. A triglyceride; glucose, fatty acids

B triglyceride; glycerol, fatty acidsC triglyceride; glycerol, phospholipidD fatty acid; glucose; triglyceride


Ans

wer

B


28 Image #1 below is of a(n) __________________ fatty acid, identifiable because of its _______________ bond(s). Image #2 below is of a(n) ________________ fatty acid because of its ______________ bond(s). A saturated fat; double; unsaturated fat; single

B saturated fat; single; unsaturated; doubleC unsaturated; double; saturated; singleD unsaturated, single; saturated; double

Image #1 Image #2

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28 Image #1 below is of a(n) __________________ fatty acid, identifiable because of its _______________ bond(s). Image #2 below is of a(n) ________________ fatty acid because of its ______________ bond(s). A saturated fat; double; unsaturated fat; single

B saturated fat; single; unsaturated; doubleC unsaturated; double; saturated; singleD unsaturated, single; saturated; double

Image #1 Image #2


Ans

wer

C


29 Soaps and detergents are able to remove oil, grease, etc from items because the _________________ end of the soap molecule bonds with the stains while the “other” end of the soap molecule bonds with ___________.

A hydrophobic; water

B hydrophobic; stains

C hydrophilic; water

D hydrophilic; stains

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29 Soaps and detergents are able to remove oil, grease, etc from items because the _________________ end of the soap molecule bonds with the stains while the “other” end of the soap molecule bonds with ___________.

A hydrophobic; water

B hydrophobic; stains

C hydrophilic; water

D hydrophilic; stains [This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

A


30 The results of the lab tests performed (shown in the data table above) indicate that unknown #1 contains _______________. This is because the _________________ changed from light brown to blue black during the test.

A proteins; Lugol’s

B sugars; Biuret

C starch; Lugol’s

D lipids; Lugol’s

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30 The results of the lab tests performed (shown in the data table above) indicate that unknown #1 contains _______________. This is because the _________________ changed from light brown to blue black during the test.

A proteins; Lugol’s

B sugars; Biuret

C starch; Lugol’s

D lipids; Lugol’s [This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


Results from an experiment testing for presence of specific chemicals. Indicators used are listed across the top of the chart.

unknown Lugols iodine Sudan s tain Biuret reagent

1 pos itive negative negative

2 negative pos itive negative

3 negative negative pos itive

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31 The results of the lab tests performed (shown in the data table above) indicate that unknown #2 contains _______________.

A proteins

B glucose

C starch

D lipids

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31 The results of the lab tests performed (shown in the data table above) indicate that unknown #2 contains _______________.

A proteins

B glucose

C starch

D lipids[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

D


32 The results of the lab tests performed (shown in the data table above) indicate that unknown #3 contains _______________. This is because the _________________ changed from blue to purple during the test.

A proteins; Sudan

B glucose; Biuret

C starch; Biuret

D proteins; Biuret

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32 The results of the lab tests performed (shown in the data table above) indicate that unknown #3 contains _______________. This is because the _________________ changed from blue to purple during the test.

A proteins; Sudan

B glucose; Biuret

C starch; Biuret

D proteins; Biuret [This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

D


33 We can identify whether or not a lipid is saturated or unsaturated, by its physical state. Unsaturated fats are ______________ and saturated fats are ___________ .

A solid, liquid

B liquid, solid

C liquid, less dense liquid

D unbreakable, solid

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33 We can identify whether or not a lipid is saturated or unsaturated, by its physical state. Unsaturated fats are ______________ and saturated fats are ___________ .

A solid, liquid

B liquid, solid

C liquid, less dense liquid

D unbreakable, solid[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

B


34 Waxes and steroids are both considered to be _____________.

A proteins

B carbohydrates

C lipids

D nucleic acids

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34 Waxes and steroids are both considered to be _____________.

A proteins

B carbohydrates

C lipids

D nucleic acids


Ans

wer

C


35 Protein, carbohydrate, and nucleic acid molecules are the result of smaller molecules bonded together. The process that occurs to attach these smaller molecules to one another is ________________ . A hydrolysis

B dehydration lysis

C hydrosynthesis


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35 Protein, carbohydrate, and nucleic acid molecules are the result of smaller molecules bonded together. The process that occurs to attach these smaller molecules to one another is ________________ . A hydrolysis

B dehydration lysis

C hydrosynthesis

D dehydration synthesis[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

D


36 Which protein structural level would be least affected by disruptions in the hydrogen-bonding process? A primary

B secondary

C tertiary

D quaternary

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36 Which protein structural level would be least affected by disruptions in the hydrogen-bonding process? A primary

B secondary

C tertiary

D quaternary


Ans

wer

A


37 RNA and DNA differ in that they utilize different ___________ within their nucleotides. RNA utilizes ____________ and DNA utilizes ____________.

A phosphates; peptide, amino acids

B sugars; deoxyribose, ribose

C sugars; ribose, deoxyribose

D R groups; glucose, galactose

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37 RNA and DNA differ in that they utilize different ___________ within their nucleotides. RNA utilizes ____________ and DNA utilizes ____________.

A phosphates; peptide, amino acids

B sugars; deoxyribose, ribose

C sugars; ribose, deoxyribose

D R groups; glucose, galactose[This object is a pull tab]

Ans

wer

C


38 The image below is of a type of biomolecule critical for life. Identify both the type of biomolecule and the specific name of the molecule.

A protein; antibodiesB carbohydrate; sucroseC carbohydrate; glucoseD nucleic acid; deoxyribonucleic acid

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38 The image below is of a type of biomolecule critical for life. Identify both the type of biomolecule and the specific name of the molecule.

A protein; antibodiesB carbohydrate; sucroseC carbohydrate; glucoseD nucleic acid; deoxyribonucleic acid


Ans

wer

B


39 The image below is of a large biomolecule. Identify this biomolecules and its components by selecting the correct list from the choices below: A RNA; #1 represents the sugar, #2 represents the phosphate, #3 represents the bases

B DNA; #1 represents the sugar, #2 represents the phosphate, #3 represents the bases

C RNA; #1 represents the sugar, #2 represents the bases, #3 represents the phosphate

D DNA; #1 represents the phosphate, #2 represents the sugar, #3 represents the bases

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39 The image below is of a large biomolecule. Identify this biomolecules and its components by selecting the correct list from the choices below: A RNA; #1 represents the sugar, #2 represents the phosphate, #3 represents the bases

B DNA; #1 represents the sugar, #2 represents the phosphate, #3 represents the bases

C RNA; #1 represents the sugar, #2 represents the bases, #3 represents the phosphate

D DNA; #1 represents the phosphate, #2 represents the sugar, #3 represents the bases


Ans

wer

B


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Large Biological Molecules Multiple Choice Review