Upload
others
View
4
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
L A N G K A S U K A
Fig. 43. Part of the Malay Peninsula as depicted in the sailing directories of Ibn Mijid and Sulaimzn al-Mahri. Based on a reconstruction by Tibbetts in MJTG,
vol. 9 (1956), P. 15.
2' d- 2' dd n u 3 u ~ ~ un. : ~ $ a ~ d w 7 ~ i % ? m s r ~ u ' M d J a ' 7 w u w s ~ ~ i n a 7 u u n w i 7 n ! < ~ a ~ ~ u ~ ~ u w u ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ e ,
~ n s 7 u ~ ~ i ~ f ~ i i o ~ u 7 d o u 1no~ i iud&a7nn insbu~7m~iaz6 i ,u~~~st r~a;oJs7adii?e,7ujJ~uw"uw" dWd W d
k n d ~ ~ u u ~ f l n ~ & n ~ ~ ! % ~ u ~ 7 ~ 6 a u u 7 n iiazu&tk!rjd$on~d.6'e,daua'7 "&n7anr7' ddub 2' A - , C* - a
o~m~insbumrnat&s~!uwuwn~nd7aa?~!rj i~nnuun2a7n7s$7uauu7n6~~da~~ual~u!6fu~du$u Y Y
dfinmt%u~!ni2usau.u'afar;'~n"ua.u'oJn"Uw"ui 7 d ~ i r ~ ~ ~ u i ~ ~ i i u d & ~ a ~ a 7 r n 7 i n ~ ~ ~ n d 7 a i l a ' d 2' 2 d 2
6 ~ a ~ 6 m s 6 ~ ~ ~ ~ a 6 u o ~ < u i 7 ' ~ 1 ? u [ d ~ u i ! a 0 t d n w 7 ~ ~ o ~ s ~ a 1 d u a ~ u ~ u ~ ~ 6 ~ ~ u
Y u C d u P
ihn7gnrabJ~ra~ w G ~ o i n u u n u u n a a i n i a ~ i i
uiw"inia?nwiL~vi i~%usimn$~~i~% LI,O:IJ~L~ m
In$~~us~nviaie~nfa~~unao?w.a"baad(addd)
~'sCn3 i a t l n n u (bdbb) $75 s i u s u i u
(bdbd) ~su i2a a n i $ n i f n (acids) ~ u u a i G
~ n w r a u ilatnm: ( ~ n ~ b d ) a i l 4 L S R ~ ~ S ( b d m o ) L R ~ R ~ 3 ~ 6 ( o d d d ) LLR:gJlld~j b & m ~
suG~3s?Yi r nm:r in ia in i s s inno~lus imnl
niom 3 i n a (Stewart wave11 oa'sd) Bailu ad14 aduj!r iu'nu~iuwanis~nwii~a:nis~n
~ ~ v i ~ i C i u i i i a ~ s n i ~ u i ~ ~ u i ~ 7 u i u n ~ u ~ i ~ n u i ~ u nirlfiui~w u u w i d d ~nuu5n6 !&~Giuiiis~~3oua~viauuluu5~am k a336 aa:gn^n GnGa (David
GiuJs:~n aa:aTdi7u'snor$k8Ma70r7~n3 J.Welch and Judith R.McNeill nddd) !%d
sinni.shs~oynn'wun:~ni~d~~1~9i~Fuainmn' 2 , d
~ i i i ~ u ~ i u a i ~ ~ r i i d a i u i s n G u e ~ " s u l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ n ~ d
61m395wn o s - ~ b %nu3nwi~d?uubGu~~in P * < e
ws:Gu~GuGu ws:ynazd wsrrwaan3 RBI
bssuii'ns z a B ~ n ' ua:~uii-ruandhasJdiuau
u i n LdaJiusiruurid$siao:a~ucueJ"naiJ
a. H&.b667n6?8J (Early Period) L ~ u + a s
niiudn~uaujuusnahui~Jdu;iuiLa:~~aiid 22' "
~ i i a ~ u u u u i Qfa~sau~m;~ii i i 'aus~u L ~ M
Irusun'iiuuinlri2~ ~ u i n ~ n iiaiunilu b i ~ d
wnmn2ssud no - o h ~$n;iundw~l<~~ri
~nu~~5wm"aunia~numsnsaui~a:~iua~di Y a, d d w
b . i=&flna?s (Middle Period) auuuuw 2 " 91
n u u i n m 0 1 n ~ i i a ~ u u i n ~ G n 6 ; n u u i ~ 4 u w " n i i ~ o a n b l u'niasiiJ;$i~du& Zbusiru
2 aniutduainuu ~ r i i i ~ w ~ ~ i i a ~ i i u v ~ ~ u ~
(Os?Gu~~~aan iw l r iauysd) Riausmu a, 2.4
riauuina$uan~iie~ auuuunis lndsh~um
Ln~aue~"iuui~Jv$nLtMiJd~iudataaa$2
m. HsJ"uda7u (Late Period) <mjloinaGu
naiJ ~is~Iusiruu:k6;ndiauK~:;rii~a?s:u: A
M u d 3 ~ ~ ~ r ( ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l s l ~ ~ ~ d l ~ ~ l ~ ~ ~ l q i l ~ l ~
h u i u v a i u & s J d n i i a ~ a b ~ a J a b . ~ i J $ ~IULYDJ
~ i i o s 6 a u C i ~ ~ : G u n ~ i i ~ ~ s w ~ i i 0 n i s Q 1 " i i ;
woaunas hnisa:;riis3audsinisii~Qu3a~
n i r i ~ n ~ i u aCu&s~KuaCuar(auiAouui~u
ii~nGuimuInFiunimau<u (nawna~massun'
nd-bm) L L M i i J ~ U 3 1 N R ~ ~ l u ~ n ; n ~ J i l J 1 n u Y
F~UL%J ~~ei~iunJa:~~aii$nwru:i~u~aGou ~~mwarsi.aa"s ~$~~inmauGuaGu?mubn~uni
Liiar$6lriLtllaunvinrii~~ t id~ i im~i is~r i id a s u i i 2 ~ n n i ~ ~ u n n i m u ~ u u i ~ u ~ 8 ~ ~ u
oiunTdl"il uis2nrolnn~unuor
5 ~ ~ ~ ~ m m i i i l u i l i l ~ ~ u G n ~ ~ ~ ~ u ~ ~ i u i 6 9
d ~ ~ i u r i u ~ " u ~ a S ~ u i n ~ ~ n ~ i u n i ~ T u n m
nn$~9~"LGuiin4usu$uLLxn q ~Jucmud
GuZo~i~~a7ynsGniuuesiuiu aaazGuZo
airruiBun aauquaudaimiui,~G'lu
aiu:~Su;uu'nal~n~sds::noutiZns,u oU
n i ~ ~ ~ a u i % u u n ~ n u d ~ i a r u i ~ ~ a i u u ~ ~ ~ i
~ l~uY lu1~7 (Per-Islamic Time)
i u a i m r i u i n ~ s n a i ~ ~ ~ a : ~ E i n ; i u d n i i ~
i i~ i i iu~&nitn: $45 uiuisulu ln'niiali2u
aisiwrlru~usssum~ln'r~suTussunin ~ i i u (bbbd) 41
njni;,,: Lilu$J$sLu"aJaa:$a?;M?aairui
. j n s ~ ~ ~ d s i n ~ l u w ~ ~ i ~ m i ~ ~ i i a e J " ~ ~ ~ : ~ ~ i
~ i s l m s ~ o i s i G . Z . saga n i i a l 4 u ~ i k G a
61ds:?G~ian4~a~"i jn:~uaan~5u~l~9 ii Z ~ o n ~ i s ~ u i i u u ~ $ s n ~ a 6 ~ m a s s u W " d niiai%
.4Y d i;arir<ii ~ ~ n u u u i u a n a 6 m a s b i ~ a t l r i
Land over zoo ft.
Fig. 42. Part of the east coast of the Malay Peninsula as depicted in the Wu-pei-chih, chap. 240, folio 14 verso. Top: The Wu-pei-chih chart. Middle: Place-names in
the Amoy-Hokkien dialect. Bottom: Place-names in modern form.
eJ"ub~6uau ~ ~ s i : ~ n 7 ~ i n i ~ ! n a i u ~ G u ~ ~ m n d i s
r7u i iadn isGuiwPy iu i i 6 i i l t o ~ u i n m i j a i n s d Z d
ilnmiili2uilil;liu a a n a i s n d n i i a n ~ n n ~ n 2 n a
Giusdlua~e~u~uas$pb5!~ UIULB. 7. Zag li' ~iuun'~!a"Luuwnaiu$a "Malaya in the Wu-
pei-chi h charts" 1uaismsu8~saeJ"ab%!%<aiui d
~lbt3hlFlwd ad. WklUYl m R.BI. o d m d
erian=maisi woa ; w S i (Paul
Wheatley) %?¶JS?U$DL$UU~IJ 7 ;nil? & 9 & n l t n ~ 1a"au~0r;l97o "The Golden
Khersonese ( o b b n ) 1 ~ G l U l ~ d ~ 4 d ~dsass iaua i l kn i~n :~ !m iu r i u~u~
r7u;u !nisGuiwCinlu~anaisd1rii~~ri#~n~9u
i l n n u i u l n ? t j u 8 o lilZud-; (Liang-shu) 1 d
~ i u u u u ~ u a ~ u ~ n r ~ m a s s w d om l u ~ s n m s ? ~
- lGuu (Tung-Tien) wnnnmasswi ~d l lselu
~onais!m-3s-usau-!a-< (Tai-Ping-Huan-
Yu-chi) lda W . R . ~ & o d - o d b b dslnj1%alu
n i w i $ u i i "& -911" u?a "KJ - u i -3a" (Lang-
ya-C-hsiu) i a $ d s i n g Q n n ~ s l u i a n a i s i a
Wen-hsien Tung-kao, w.n. o d b b bii39i% 2
u i u l ln f i r run~~uis i$~i ia~v i is i l in~ ias
r i i na i s~sua~$u!dn i sn%~a$u~i ' da :u im 2
bd ,ooo R
lubanms ail; (Sui-shu) aa:W-ii (Pei- x d
shih) 4 ~ 1 i i u u u u ~ u a ~ n r ~ l n a ~ s w i om Ii' ~iiuu4aK~ni;n:<i "& -u i -;a" (Lang-ya-
hsu) Lle:srl! h u u i J d k J i i o i l u b u m L L n u
~.suin3mmiiiililyYuif ~ a n s i s u o ~ l u f j n u s i u
~ ~ u ~ n ' i i n i ~ s : ~ d ~ ~ n i ~ n : ~ u 8 a e i i ~ n " u ~ld'brj
'bGYstYuuEi~d&~niuau l=iu lana is 2-mu-B a d
A l n b (Chu-Jan-chih) L?JUUYU~U~ W.Fl.adbd
E u n i i "M~J-uI -~(~%J) " (Ling-ya-ssu (chia)
l u l o n m s b h -fj$ -l:ua (Tao-ichih-lioh)
~ i o u ~ & ~ w.n. odolb i s u n i i 6 6 u ~ s u i - l - ~ B u a 9 9
(Lung -ya-hsi -chio) l~u$u d I a ~ i i a ~ ~ ~ s : ~ s a ~ s i a u o s ~ s n i ~ n : e J " s
w a d ds ing lwuusaoau q Qn k u a J i u 2 u ~ l u
a i u i u ua:uieig 4 ~ 1 1 m n d i s h ' b d l i i s ~ ~ ~ u d
l ~ ~ J ~ ~ ~ T ~ ~ ~ n b b ~ ~ ~ ~ l U d $ J b ~ ~ l i is:i iks
a~~sucimiinsguiu!dwi~Zu~~u (gnuiu
u%nais) $~a~ni~mtiunan~<u~ln'uo~aimi Y
~nns~~%nwms ( b % o ~ ~ ~ d ~ b r i i ) & a ~ s t u i i a ~ ~ u a i Y Y
<u~iJGi9mni i l &a~s:ui i~nair&fua~uei Y Y Y
K ~ o i ~ w Q a r i a s a i u y i 99% 0 ~ a ~ ~ u Q o a a J G i
L ~ ~ % ~ / ~ ? ~ L L J ; I ~ ~ ~ I ~ L D P ~ K U ~ K n ~ i u u ~ ~ a i u i ~ ~ s a ~ l u a ~ ~ ~ ~ u a
hslTas~bu~suos$u~~w"n~a"ds:uim~ W.H.
b o d d ~ u n ~ d n i ~ n - . d i gJnl;n% (Langashuka)
~ s n m s d i j % o a ~ a ~ i l u n i w i ~ ~ n ~ w < i "The Ship
of sulaiman *' !i'nEini;oknian:iibdsrii Wsau<um?saa:n$u%ib~u$(~a~er lslands,~he
Islands of Sanbilian Siam) F ia iuubr iu~srnQoi
b $ a a ~ l ~ a ; ~ . f u a i l l d a ~ ~ ~ ~ a i l i n n ~ u 6 u L ~ U U
C l 4 B I l ~ ~ ~ ~ o b n " ~ 0 d 09917 d m ~~@ILVI%I
adnsriiuauRrnwain!dYia b w s i m k k s a i n "
b i i u ? ~ ni aJni m a Eidni~~Qo $ n o i d l d n i
~ ~ Q a i l ~ n a ~ u a i L L ~ : ~JRI br2 ~ d n i ~ u C o V Y
ilinnKu6u fiiiuan~lrilGu~~ii~~iuuii~ilm~i
w d E ~ : l n n n s u a ~ k n i ~ n : s ~ a : a i i s ~ s " ~ a i i T u n i ? ~ 6 ~ c ~ b 0 9
ai?nn; iuuos lu~E;er l ln i i? i ;~kni~nr
l u $ o 66&nilRn:" (Ilangasoka) iincuws:
~<ifiai~qun%~w:i 6, uiVbG~u~9a:Iuniaaui
niuaunsuiaie~u~s:o~6wssau~u:~ios
llangasoka $2 er sba:oin?ai81~nuu~~s61bb~s
G 1 " 7 M l ~ " U o s ^ a w l s b i o ~ ~ u ~ o 4 ~ u ~ ~ e r L i o W.R.
o L d m 8niiaiiakniRn:lu80 llangasoka Y
1.du~5erar-Y~ aaa:azy6i~mdsii6so~uu
F l l ~ R ~ Y l ~ ~ 1 A 1 LJ d A
aasmnG"aa1 Laos Nagarakrtagarna "rrs d
n4IunariirinBo Prapanea ~~ois~uo W.R. ador:
nriiai;si?sniRn:luio Lengka Suka ii~gu-?;
l u d i ~ j d a ~ l n ' d i u i u u s s ~ ~ E J i ~ n ~iluT2nis
~an:iussn~e~niua~nauiai~lna' q b ias
Rluy:
assnmi;uiai; ein)us~ianis~nniM'
doshuiwu:lssmias6 (Hikayat Marong 2
Mahawangsa) &80uuuludniuv?nsnn?ssu - a < d bd n i i a i i nwmauulasuaias6nas~?is
wa:ai.aa";l~~auu~n~~a:was~unw"asws:bssdi i?snizn: (Langkasuka)
6oasia~duanii kni;n:lWainglu
bonRi~uos%iaiisd~:bw8(uinuiuM~iubiu6s A d a
niiaui~~a'aejau~0u~sauswuue~"ulGii Su
armu6sniiarnuinaiu~0~;<s~3os~ilu~ios~i
h<;~unuinnir~~lswn;?o~~a:nis~~os dua
5o~n"ElG~b~~n~lna'b; u s a ~ a : l G ~ i ' i n i ~ ~ n ~ o V
6 i u i u K u i i s E J s ~ ~ ~ ~ o p i i s n ~ i s u a i s u i 6 s ~ ~ F i
wnsRaasswi o n b~uod is~ou
( E I W ~ ~ E I ) d a - a
ai?nn;iu6aiis:~iiui&n uuuunrnaiujs d a" d -
Eosa~a:~wuinisoejisoio~uosuos~u~~s~im
~iu~~muni~lduo~nGEJ~in~~iluQiuauuin A
ai?nin;iu~aii~u~~~o~anssiTuds:nis~~~~i
knaisussmiu<sEosluoi;muos~uLLnuLLnu$ da" d -
ainwunasain0mniii3e+ $ s h o : ~ i l u
hnaun iu i i 6&nicp:9 ~dir:iYso~luu'%arn
~~onrnsh<;dmoudimu$oejis~iiiu~is~ilu
acuuluniwvosw"wuinis6sniia~~.du 619aiu ~ i o s 3 n n i ~ i i u a u ~ a i u a s ~ " u w " I n ~ ~ ~ ~ f d i 3 n w i
lC~iblriaGuaos ro. %a ~~a:a"eJoiw iTuasJ"uuos P auaa!u 7n'i ~ n u l ~ ~ ~ a : d n ~ i ~ i f ~ a ~ i ~ ~ ~ o ~ ~ o ~ 1 d u ~"7~~mj1,9n~ia~sdi~: ina iud i~ i luoei is~sd~:
C o s l ~ e j i u ~ a e r ~ n n a i s ~ ~ r i i ~ o
Ponn of Name Source Date Location
h g - y a [-hsiu] Limrg-rhu, chap. 54 early 7th century n x r w J T ~ I chap.
In the South Tui-p'ing Huan Sean 24,000 li YJ Chi, chaps. from Kurmg- 176,177 ha. 97643
8thcen- I chou (Canton) wen-htim Tmg- k'ao, chap. 331 1319
Lang-ya-hst! Sui-shu, chap. 82 + century In vicinity of n x a Pei-~hih, chap. p5 7th Century pa-i
Lip-ya-&I[-chin] Chu-fan-chih, 1225 - axtlrirm~ P ~ I
Lung-ya-hsi-drio Tao-i Chih-Iioh 1349 - IfLIXWR Lung-ya-chis-mao Hring-ch'a Shorg- 1436 - B1IK;Sal Ian
Leng-ch'ieh-hsiu Hni Kao-seng-chuan 7th century - @ @ E Lang-chia-shu Ta-t'rmg Hsi-uJ Beyond Fu-nan i%DL!E Ch'iu-fa Kao-smg on route to India.
Chuan 7th Mtury Nan-hai Chi-huei SE. of ~?ikshetm Nci-fa C h 7th century (Old Prome)
Chin-mo-Iang-chia Ta-T'mrgHsi-@Chi as. 646 SE. of &ihshetra @@m Ta-T'rmg Ta-='a- SE. of L?rikshetra
a-ssQ San-&'an# Fa-shih Chuan 7th century
Lung-hsi-chin Wu-pei-chih, c. 1628 Between Songkla %@!%ill chap. 240 and Patani R.
LnngaahukP Kit6b al-MinMj IS I I Bctwcen K€lan- (LungsaltH) al-fdlkhirfi-'2m al- tan and Singon
b d r al-r6khir (Songkla)
IlarigWka Inscription on rojo On Malay south wall of - Peninsula RBjarHjelvnra temple, Tanjore
N&m&Mz- 1365 North of Saiburi
Lnngkesuka Hihayat Mmong late 18th At foot of Cunong M-sa entury jtrai(K€dahPeak)
-. Alang-kah-mka K€& folklore early 20th -
cenhlrg
Lakawn Suk~ Patmi folklore early 20th - century
Sungti MS. map in unknown Tributary of Up- Langkasuka Taiping Museum per Per& River
or Uppv Patani
a?nmhta The Golden Khersonese Y ~ J Paul Wheatley, 7 96 1 MU? 266 -26 7.
Wheatley, Paul The Golden Khersonese
Kualo Lurnpur; University of Malaya Press, oaks,