Woody vegetation in populated places 25% of forest canopy in
US
Slide 3
Increased Property Values Trees as an amenity value Increased
privacy A 15% premium
Slide 4
Decreased Energy Costs Reducing urban heat island effect
Slide 5
Decreased Energy Costs Reducing urban heat island effect
Slide 6
Decreased Energy Costs Shading in summer Wind break Site &
area benefits
Slide 7
Decreased Energy Costs 10 degree area differential 50%
reduction in wind > 10-12% reduction in heating costs
Slide 8
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Slide 10
Improve air quality Shaded parking reduces hydrocarbon
(evaporative) emissions CO2 Reduction In Sacramento, CA 6 million
trees contribute to a net reduction in CO2 by 335,000 tons (262,300
of which are sequestered
Slide 11
Improve air quality
Slide 12
Ozone and particulate matter Sacramentos trees removed 665 tons
of ozone and 748 tons of PM10 Canopy cover and surface roughness
inhibits uptake of these pollutants
Slide 13
Reduce storm water runoff Root system Inhibiting / retarding
rainfall (leaves and branches) Reduction of peak flow
Slide 14
Decrease soil erosion See previous slide Most effective near
stream banks
Slide 15
Improve water quality Reduction in nutrient flow Reduction in
sedimentation Temperature regulator (shade)
Slide 16
Create wildlife habitat Site and area benefits Trees as
connectivity
Slide 17
Increase community pride
Slide 18
Increase recreational opportunities Passive and active
recreation
Slide 19
Improve health and well-being Secondary impacts of previous
benefits
Slide 20
Reduce noise levels Tree canopy as noise buffer Distinguish
between deciduous and evergreen
Slide 21
Create buffer zones Edges and corridors
Slide 22
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Slide 25
Dot gridImage Tool
Slide 26
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Slide 29
Washington DC
Slide 30
CITYgreen for ArcGIS
Slide 31
Slide 32
Town of Boone (exists in UDO) Preserving existing trees
Typically historic trees Credits and incentives Determination of
tree health Loophole protection of trees only when drip line is
outside of proposed building footprint Strict protection of trees
unless reduction in project intensity results
Slide 33
Slide 34
Flood Damage Reduction Shoreline Erosion Control Water Quality
Improvement Groundwater Recharge Healthy Fisheries Biodiversity
Recreation, Aesthetics, Education, Research
Slide 35
Slide 36
Avoidance of Impact Minimizing Impact Mitigation and
Compensation Impacts are unavoidable Restoration Enhancement
Creating from scratch Current Issues Current Issues Boone, and
Idaho
Slide 37
Slide 38
Section 404 Permitting CWA Regulation of dredge and fill into
wetlands Activity is permissible if no degradation occurs or no
feasible / practicable alternative exists
Slide 39
Section 404 Permitting Burden of Proof? Steps have been taken
to avoid wetlands impacts Minimization of potential impacts
Compensation for unavoidable impacts through restoration,
enhancement or creation Administered by ACE Currently considering a
three-tier ranking of wetlands
Slide 40
Wetlands Mitigation Banking A market approach for mitigation
Satisfies a no net loss of wetlands
Slide 41
Wetlands Mitigation Banking 1) Identification of degraded
wetlands 2) Degraded wetlands are restored by private entity 3)
Mitigation credits are applied to restoration 4) Mitigation credits
can be sold to offset unavoidable wetlands losses off site 5) ACE
determines equity of trade (buyers and sellers, environment)