in cultural landscape

architecture

phoneme?

sign?

text of culture?

IP Anthropology of Landscape

(Facebook: Landscape Anthropology)

Valencia, Spain, May 2011

Anna Ruminska

architect, cultural anthropologist

Wroclaw, Poland

emsa.relacje@gmail.com

www.emsarelacje.pl

mobile +48.660.968.363

University of Lower Silesia

International Institute for the Study of

Culture and Education

http://www.mojeopinie.pl/szwajcarska_bitwa_o_minarety,3,1259946263

thesis:

1. This presentation is as a text and graphic model of space and

landscape variety and complexity

2. Level of your confusion reflects the level of landscape

complexity

3. The more heterogenious and complexed landscape is

the more culture complexity it reflects

4. Regulated actings to urban landscape generate wrong

ladnscape and culture communication: no complexity at all

5. In fact it is not reality nor contemporary culture

2

contents:

•introduction

•landscape architecturizing

•(starting point?)

•landscape influence on architecture

•scales and types of perception

•architectural synthax of physical urban

landscape

University of Lower Silesia

International Institutefor the Study of Cultureand Educationwww.dswe.pl www.iisce.org

fot. Wojtek Gurak

http://www.flickr.com/photos/wojtekgurak/3847259359/

Poland

Polska

Wrocław

VrotzLOVE

VrotzLoveMeeting Place

4

Photo: Szewska Street, Wrocław, Poland 2011 / Anna Rumioska

education

objects

thinking

space

my interest

architect

anthropologist

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20 May2010

landscape

architecturizing

starting point:

movement decission

the thoughthttp://www.123rf.com/stock-photo/foot_print.html

http://pixdaus.com/single.php?id=150431 http://www.dallasphotoworks.com/my_weblog/2010/02/home-snow-storm-dallas-fort-worth-texas-keller-winter-weather-slush-ice-trace-ridge-parkway-dsc_1393.html

http://www.funnyanimalsite.com/pictures/Deer_Snow_Path.htm

going. walking. riding. moving - ZONING

http://www.rgbstock.com/photo/mhitxxO/Traces

http://photodoto.com/channel-mixer-recipes/

http://www.tahoeculture.com/category/green-tahoe/

trace STABILITY. route CREATION

http://www.responsibletravel.com/holiday/5418/trans-asian-express-beijing-to-tashkent

http://irudi.photoshelter.com/gallery-image/Argentina/G0000scnOGiQfrR0/I0000iGMXzRAPI2M

http://www.skansen.kudowa.pl/atrakcje.htm

architecture BIRTH. landscape CHANGE

http://www.travelforum.pl/mini-przewodnik-po-cyprze/7109-cypr-p-nocny-pod-panowaniem-tureckim.html

http://www.old-picture.com/american-adventure/The-Old-Inn.htmhttp://armchairtravelogue.blogspot.com/2009/03/maranjab-caravanserai-isfahan-province.html

Ester, Alaska, USA, 1900

Isfahan Province, Iran, XVI cent.

Nicosia, Cyprus, XVI cent.

Sopot, Poland, XVI cent.

http://www.tokyore.net/guide_to_tokyo.html

http://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plik:Markham-suburbs_aerial-edit2.jpg&filetimestamp=20071020121108

urbanization

suburbanization

Markham suburbs, Canada, 1794

Tokyo, Japan 2011

semi-urbanization

Nowe Nieboczowy, Poland 2011

http://forum.gkw24.pl/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=2952&start=0

counter-urbanization

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schoolradio/subjects/history/britainsince1930s/society/new_town

Crawley New Town, England

1946

landscape

influenceon architecture

Poland 2010

USA 2011

Japan 2011

landscape sudden change

causes fear and integration

Physical changes of landscape imagehave stronge influence to people’sperception of landscape.Lack of physical changes inlandscape does not generate so much fear as in cases of widedisaster.Physical change and the feeling of disaster concerns mainlyarchitecture as the people’s heritageor main work of their lives.

http://expediatenerifeproperty.wordpress.com/2009/07/21/old-photos-of-los-cristianos-in-tenerife-the-way-it-once-was/los-cristianos-straw-house-1909/

http://www.free-desktop-backgrounds.net/Architecture-wallpapers/House-architecture/Taos-New-Mexico-sand-houses.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mardin_stone_houses_02148.jpg

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Traditional_Wooden_House_in_Tomsk_-_Siberia_-_Russia_02.JPG

sand houses

New Mexico

stone houses

Tuscany, Italy, XIII cent.

http://photos.wildmadagascar.org/images/red_brick_houses_0025.shtml

brick houses

Madagaskar

wooden houses

New Siberia

straw houses

Tenerife 1901

daub houses

Masai terytory, Kenya

http://www.colobusafaris.com/masai%20Tribe.html

Temple of

million bottles

Sisaket

Thailand

http://inspirationgreen.com/house-built-from-13500-plastic-bottles.html

13500 plastic

bottles house

Serbia

material

http://http://www.architectureweek.com/2003/0101/culture_2-1.html

http://meigainalaska.blogspot.com/2008/02/in-city-of-thousand-minarets.html

http://www.mariuszjurkowski.com/Architektura/slides/Zakopane.html

formhttp://www.rgbstock.com/photo/mhitxxO/Traces

mountains, snow load

sloped roofs

Zakopane, Poland

lowlands, lots of reed

reed roofs

Nordstrand, Germany

flat land, many people

minarets in islamic culture

Cairo, Egypt

rivers, mud

brick architecture, moduled

India

wattle, reed, daub

Braid construction

Masai terytory, Tanzania

http://pixdaus.com/single.php?id=150431 http://helenafrithpowell.com/2007/07/page/2

http://www.faculty.fairfield.edu/faculty/hodgson/Courses/so191/Projects2009/Reichert/HISTORY_FINAL.html

colour

http://www.deconcrete.org/page/2/

mud mosque

local, unlimited, seasonal

Djenne, Mali, XIII cent.

http://siezeeldia.com/2009/02/03/white-and-night-casares/blinding-white-houses-in-casares1/

white houses

reflecting sun rays

Casares

Malaga

Spain

blue houses

blue keeps insects away

they treat blue as water and stay away

Jodhpur

Rajastan

India

Falu Red houses

local copper mining

iron pigment

Sweden

green roof houses

high-insulation wild turf

Sweden

semiotic

http://www.garnek.pl/artex12/11694677/niebieska-chata-sierpc-skansen

blue houses

Holy Mother symbolic colour

stone, sun, moon – symbols, gods

Aztek pyramids – pyraimd’s semiotic

trees, wood

beam and pole symbolic meaning”

„Cosmic Tree” (and other parts of a house)

http://www.siedlec.pl/cms_112_5.html

Feng Shui philosophy

REN People’s Building

Shanghai, China

http://clccharter.org/grace1/pictures.html

scales + types of

perception

photo: Anna Rumioska, Wrocław, Poland, 2010

nature as the intruder

hierarchy of narrative:above: esthetical (lawn as it should be)

below: natural (daisies as they grow)

kids„My District”

architectural modelling

Zuza pays attention at streets, nor houses, because she has no friendsin the houses. She goes along the streets to other places where herfriends live.

Karol lives in the same place and pays attention at houses, nor thestreets, because he has a few friends in these houses. Streets do not matter in this case.

This girl is semi-blind. She concentrates atmain place of her life: the playground. Sheworks hard on details of the playgroundequipment.

This boy is 4 y.old. He focused on shapes and gave them lots of meanings like „chair, table, merry-go-round, swing, tv set” etc.

youth

acu-pointers

the city acupuncture

with architectural objects

MATEMATEKTURA

The gimnasyum students make blocks(acupuncturors) of paper and put

them in the chosen spots of the town(their district) giving them meaningsand functions like kiosk, information

point, bus time table, telephone box, photo box, cultural events information

point, fountain etc.

adults

three scales of analysis

and modelling

1. STORK – urban wide zone

2. SPARROW– district narrow zone

3. MOUSE – object street, building

Marc Auge’s non-places theory concerns places. His theory of non-places considers places likeairports, cashier boxes, commercial centres, banks etc. As non-places – in general. In fact the non-place or Place contamination interpretation depends on a scale pf perception – in terms of a Place in the anthropological meaning of Marc Auge. The „stork scale” (urban) gives the general view of similar places (e.g. airports) all over a town or the globe. The airport can be then consider as a non-place because we do not connotate the relations nor nets in this wide scale. The „sparrow scale” (district) gives the more detailed view and understanding of the airport as a place and itsconnections to the district (people and other objects) – the same airport can still be considered as a non-place however in some levels of interpretation and perception it can be already considered as a Place. The „mouse scale” (object) gives very detailed view of the object and determines the wayof observing, describing, interpretating and understanding of the airport. It cannot be no longerconsidered as a non-place because of the relations and nets undeniably notices in this scale.

synthax of

cultural

landscape

http://fatherofdetroit.blogspot.com/2009/08/sanaa.htmlhttp://ojacie.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=78:manhattan-we-wrocawiu&catid=34:budynki-mieszkalne&Itemid=55 http://www.euroislam.pl/index.php/2010/06/minarety-wroca-do-szwajcarii/

Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina310605 people (2010)

Wroclaw, Poland632 561 people (2010)

Paris, France2 233 818 people (2008)

signphoneme text of culture

architectural

phoneme / letter / elementStarchitects’ architectural objects

spacial land-markin urban landscape

1st: architecture2nd: cultural change

design: Zaha Hadid, Lillium TowerWarsaw, Poland

http://www.ithink.pl/artykuly/aktualnosci/pozostale/w-warszawie-stanie-250-metrowy-wiezowiec/

phoneme

phoneme / letter / elementStarchitects’ architectural objects

spacial land-markin urban landscape1st: architecture, 2nd: cultural change

design: Gottesman-Szmelcman Architecture Sar, Wroclaw, Poland

http:// http://blog.staszek.cieslicki.pl/ciekawostki/hilton-wroclaw-czyli-co-bedzie-stalo-kolo-galerii-dominikanskiej/ /

phoneme

http://www.vbtllc.com/index_guggenhiem.html

phoneme / letter / elementStarchitects’architectural complex

spacial symbol of the town identitysign of change, urban narrative motive1st: architecture, 2nd: cultural change

design: Frank Gehry, Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain

phoneme

word=signarchitectural complex

spacial symbol of the townsign of event, sign of ideology, sign of rebirth1st: cultural change, 2nd: architecture

design: Max Berg, Centennial HallWroclaw, Poland 1913

http://www.poland.gov.pl/Hala,Stulecia,we,Wroclawiu,%282006%29,7536.html

sign

word / signarchitectural complex

spacial symbol of the townsign of times, sign of defficiencypast and un-wantednarrative motive1st: cultural change, 2nd: architecture

design: Jadwiga Grabowska-Hawrylak „Manhattan”Wroclaw, Poland 1975

http:// http://ojacie.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=section&layout=blog&id=12&Itemid=105&limitstart=15 /

sign

word / signarchitectural complex

spacial activity land-mark in urban landscapenew symbol of the town1st: cultural change, 2nd: architecture

design: J.S.K., Wroclaw, Poland 2012

http://tuznajdziesz.pl/uslugi/obiekt/stadion-miejski-wroclaw-2012-4515/galeria/37303

sign

sentence/story/text of cultureimpact of special group of temples onto the urban ladscape

system of spacial cultural symbolsreligious, esthetical, ethnic

1st: cultural story2nd: architectural impact

3rd: spacial and cultural narration(revitalization programme)

note: no specified-designerFour Temples District

Wroclaw, Poland

http://skarbykultury.pl/tematy/sztuka/architektura/dzielnica-czterech-swiatyn-cz-iii/

text of culture

TEMPLES story of integrity

1.evangelic-augsburg church2.orthodox church

3.roman-catholic church4.synagogue

Protected AreaSupport Area

revitalisation programme

Four Temples District Old Market Square

1

2

3

4

text of culture

sentence/story/text of cultureimpact of sculpture memorials onto the urban ladscape

system of spacial religiousand esthetical symbols

1st: religious story2nd: architectural impact

3rd: religious and national narration(beatification process)

note: no specified-designer

Pope John Paul II monumentsall over Poland

http://trojmiasto.gazeta.pl/trojmiasto/1,35612,5784875,Papieskie_szkaradztwo.html

MEMORIALS story of hope

Photos: htp://trojmiasto.gazeta.pl/trojmiasto/1,35612,5784875,Papieskie_szkaradztwo.html

Dębica

Kracow

Siedlce

Pelpin

Smolnica

Tarnów

Nowy Sącz

Mamoty

GórneLicheń

no one ever had so many memorials in Poland

no one ever had so much impactonto the public space (not only clerical)

throuh this type of spacial signage

most - young and strong Popemost – considered distastefull

all - realistic

this doesn’t influencethe cultural value

of the Popein the collective memmory

over 260 all over Polandapp.200 all over the world

Ulanów

Studzieniczna

Diagram: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Pomniki_jp2_wykres_lata.gif

text of culture

sentence/story/text of cultureimpact of architectural style and shape

onto the urban ladscape and the narrative

System of urbanization1st: cultural story

2nd: architectural impactaerial views of the Switzerland

HOUSES story of culture

Switzerland: 7 000 000 people, 400 000 muslims160 mosques, but only a few minarets

common opinion of media and inhabitants:minarete = symbol of spacial dominations and strength

2009 :57% of Switzerland people voted for to ban

building of minarets in Swiss2010:

Council of Europe demanded to lift the banconsidering it as discriminative

opposition of islam and islamism (political islam)

minaretin Tihuana,Mexico,part of thecasino and hotel complexhttp://www.acat-mexico.org/

minaretin Wangenbei Olten,Switzerland,started thefight intendingto build 6m highminaret. City Council agreed,inhabitans – not.Minaret—succesfullhttp://voiceofglobalummah.blogspot.com

minaretof the Grand Mosque in Paris,Francehttps://picasaweb.google.com/ashaffer/ParisJuly2009#

minaret design / chimney stack-forbidden

design: Joanna Rajkowska , artistPoznao, Poland

http://blubry.pl/artykul3129,rajkowskiej_wolanie_o_roznorodnosc.html

http://blogs.reuters.com/faithworld/2009/11/30/the-swiss-minaret-ban-and-other-trends-for-islam-in-europe/

text of culture

sentence/story/text of cultureimpact of market spacesonto the urban ladscapesystem of market plots

market squares as the town archetype1st: commercial story

2nd: architectural and spacial impact3rd: cultural narration and conflict

(urbanization processesthetization process)

tendency: covered market squaresas more under esthetic control than open-air ones

Grunwaldzki Pasage (commercial centre)located in the plot of previous wild open-air market

Wroclaw, Poland

http://picsus.eu/domain/40mm.com/

NashmarktVienna

SułkowiceWroclaw

http://kayseewhy.tumblr.com/

MaeklongThailand

MARKETS story of integrity

1945-1947

~1920 1945

1990-2006

2007

1950-2006

Photos: Internet

text of culture

sentence/story/text of cultureimpact of unlegal literature

onto the urban ladscapesystem of signs and texts

1st: architectural object2nd: communication will

3rd: cultural struggle(de-esthetization process)

tendency:street-art as art

street-art as vandalismstreet-art as text of culture

public possibility of social communicationTrace in the Urban Lanfdscape…

http://www.widelec.org/zdjecie,street-art,2131.html

STREET ART story of communication

graffitiBolonia

Italy

pasquinoRome

Italy

http://bocalupo.wordpress.com/2010/11/27/necesitamos-comunicarnos/

thank youfor your attention