LANDSATph338.edu.physics.uoc.gr/Projects_Introduction.pdfLand-Satellite • 1972 – LT1, 1975 – LT2, 1978 – LT3, 1982 - LT4 • 1984 - Landsat 5 • Designed for 3 years life

LANDSAT

Dimitris Poursanidis / FORTH

What is Landsat

Value of the archive

Product access

Apps for analysis

Objectives

Presentation Outline

Land-Satellite

• 1972 – LT1, 1975 – LT2, 1978 – LT3, 1982 - LT4

• 1984 - Landsat 5

• Designed for 3 years life cycle / last up to 2013 /

Longest Earth-observing satellite mission in

history – Guinness record.

• 1999 - Landsat 7-ETM+ ( 2003 – SLC off)

• 2013 – Landsat 8

• 2023 > A new Landsat - 9

The archive

40 years of data

Free data

Time series analysis

Monitoring of changes

Every 16 days / new image

Product access

Different sources for the same data

LandsatLookViewer / Glovis / EarthExplorer

Account needed for download

Image selection based on criteria

Cloud cover (xx%)

Time spawn (dd/mm/yy to dd/mm/yy)

LandsatLookViewer - USGS

EarthExplorer - USGS

ESPA - USGS

A .txt file with theheaders of imagesis required

Which to select

EarthExplorer has all years available

LandsatLookViewer is more friendly

Both provide uncorrected data

ESPA deliver Surface Reflectance data

These are what we need

Project 1: Urban Sprawl

Project 1: Area of work

How to select

Same period (± 1 month for LandCover / Urban

sprawl analysis). Vegetation phenology

change fast / A bare land in summer could be a

cultivation field in winter/spring.

Preferable images from May/June

1985 – 1990 – 1995 – 2000 – 2005 – 2010 - 2015

Project 2: SnowCover

The snow cover area of the Canigou mountain in January since 1985

• Temperature regulation - Remove energy from the atmosphere in the form of heat

• High albedo of snow cover reduces net radiation• Water supply in urban areas

Project 2: Area of work

• Samaria National Park• Large water supply to Chania prefecture• Host endemic and rare animals/plants• Diverse landscape (gorges, slopes, crevices)

How to select

Same period (the central month of each Season ±

15 days). Preferable images October / February /

April

Carefully selection due to intensive cloud cover

http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6949

http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6949

Apps for analysis

ENVI

Commercial software

QGIS (http://www.qgis.org/en/site/) &

http://fromgistors.blogspot.com/

OrfeoToolBox (https://www.orfeo-toolbox.org/)

EnMAP toolbox

(http://www.enmap.org/?q=enmapbox)

http://www.qgis.org/en/site/http://fromgistors.blogspot.com/https://www.orfeo-toolbox.org/http://www.enmap.org/?q=enmapbox

Project steps

Image searching based on criteria

Image download

Image analysis

Report delivery

Data delivery (Images, processing results, etc.).

Meeting

• 30/3/2016 – FORTH

• 11:00 – 13:00 (max)

• Demonstration of ENVI for image analysis

• Before - test the open access

Material

• http://landsat.usgs.gov/CDR_LSR.php

• http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/

• http://landsat.usgs.gov/documents/espa_odi_userguide.pdf

• https://espa.cr.usgs.gov/login/?next=/index/

• http://www.enmap.org/?q=enmapbox

• https://plus.google.com/explore/Landsat

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yk9kH7tU_BQ

• http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6949



http://landsat.usgs.gov/CDR_LSR.phphttp://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/http://landsat.usgs.gov/documents/espa_odi_userguide.pdfhttps://espa.cr.usgs.gov/login/?next=/index/http://www.enmap.org/?q=enmapboxhttps://plus.google.com/explore/Landsathttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yk9kH7tU_BQhttp://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6949http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6446http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6804http://www.cesbio.ups-tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=6804

Ανάλυση Φασματικής ΑνάμιξηςΦ. 338 Αρχές και Εφαρμογές Δορυφορικής ΤηλεπισκόπησηςΕαρινό Εξάμηνο 2015 – 2016

Ζίνα Μητράκα

Η μίξη των φασμάτων › Οι δορυφορικές εικόνες αποτελούνται από pixel συγκεκριμένης χωρικής και

φασματική ανάλυσης

Ανάλυση Φασματικής ΑνάμιξηςLandsat

ανακλαστικότηταπου καταγράφει

ο αισθητήρας φάσματα

ακροστοιχείωνποσοστά των

ακροστοιχείων

Μίξη φασμάτων

20% Vegetation + 80 % Building/Roof




𝜌𝜌𝑖𝑖 = �𝑗𝑗=1

𝑀𝑀

𝑎𝑎𝑗𝑗 𝑖𝑖 � 𝜌𝜌𝑗𝑗

Μίξη φασμάτων

𝜌𝜌𝑖𝑖 = �𝑗𝑗=1

𝑀𝑀

𝑎𝑎𝑗𝑗 𝑖𝑖 � 𝜌𝜌𝑗𝑗 + �𝑗𝑗=1

𝑀𝑀

�𝑙𝑙=𝑗𝑗

𝑀𝑀

𝑏𝑏𝑗𝑗,𝑙𝑙(𝑖𝑖) � 𝜌𝜌𝑗𝑗𝜌𝜌𝑙𝑙

Ανάλυση Φασματικής Ανάμιξης𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖 = �

𝑘𝑘=1

𝑛𝑛

𝑎𝑎𝑘𝑘 𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑘𝑘 + ER

𝑖𝑖 = 1, … ,𝑝𝑝 το κανάλι της εικόνας 𝑝𝑝 ο αριθμός των καναλιών 𝑛𝑛 ο αριθμός των ακροστοιχείων𝑅𝑅𝑖𝑖𝑘𝑘 η φασματική απόκριση του

ακροστοιχείου 𝑘𝑘 στο κανάλι 𝑛𝑛ER το σφάλμα του μοντέλου

𝑅𝑅1⋮𝑅𝑅𝑝𝑝

=𝑅𝑅11 ⋯ 𝑅𝑅1𝑛𝑛⋮ ⋱ ⋮𝑅𝑅𝑝𝑝1 ⋯ 𝑅𝑅𝑝𝑝𝑛𝑛

𝑎𝑎1⋮𝑎𝑎𝑘𝑘

+ 𝐸𝐸𝑅𝑅

Περιορισμοί:

�𝑘𝑘=1

𝑛𝑛

𝑎𝑎𝑘𝑘 = 1

𝑎𝑎𝑘𝑘 ≥ 0 για k = 1, … , n

Φάσμα ακροστοιχείου 1

Φάσμα υπό ανάλυση

Ποσοστά κάλυψης

τα ποσοστά αθροίζουν στο 1

τα ποσοστά είναι όλα θετικά

Μοντελοποίηση της Αστικής Επιφάνειας

Endmember Selection

Stavros Stagakis

Postdoctoral Researcher

Endmember selection strategies

• Sampled from the image

• Obtained from a spectral library

•Measured in the field or the laboratory

Satellite Imagery

Landsat-8 image, Heraklion

Pixel: 30 m x 30 m

2015: ~ 16 images for Heraklion

Satellite Imagery

Google Earth Pro

5

Satellite Imagery

6

Satellite Imagery

7

Satellite Imagery

8

Satellite Imagery

Endmember class schemeLevel 1

Built up

Vegetation

Non-urban bare surface

Water bodies

Level 2

Buildings/roofs

Transportation areas

Other built surfaces

Green vegetation

Non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV)

Bare soil

Bare rock

Swimming pools

Natural/quasi-natural water bodies

Level 3

Concrete,

Tiles (red/grey)

Bright materials

Dark materials

Tree

Herbaceous

Level 4 …

Red soils

Grey soils

Sand

Sport areas (artificial)

Deciduous Tree

Evergreen Tree

Coniferous Tree…

Gravel, Asphalt

Metal

Tar

…

Sampling routine

1. Right click My Places

6. Name polygon

3. Name Folder

4. OK

5. Add polygon

2. Add Folder

7. Change Style/Color area -> outlined

8. Click on the edges of the shape

9. OK

Sampling routine

Historical imagery tool can be very helpful to identify the actual material/composition of an area and the seasonal changes in cases of vegetation – soil endmembers

Photos or other Google Earth Layers can be also very helpful for the recognition of the actual land cover material/composition

Google maps Street View and photo features (https://www.google.gr/maps)

Are also very helpful tools for the recognition of the actual land cover material/composition

https://www.google.gr/maps

Export to ENVI

1. Right click Folder

2. Save place as

3. Convert Kml/Kmz to .shp

e.g. http://zonums.com/online/kml2shp.php

4. Upload KML/KMZ

5. Change Projection/Zone

UTM, Zone 35, Northern Hemisphere

6. Process KML

7. Click Outer Polygons

8. Export SHP Download Save

http://zonums.com/online/kml2shp.php

Attention!

Always keep the source .kml/.shp files!

Import in ENVI

1. Unzip folder

2. File Open vector file

shapefile (*.shp)

3. Check parameters

(UTM, Zone 35 N)

4. Available vector List File Export Layers to ROI Select Landsat file OK

5. Export EVF Layers to ROIConvert each record of an EVF layer to a new ROI Attribute column: NAME

Import in ENVI

1. Unzip folder

2. File Open vector file

shapefile (*.shp)

3. Check parameters

(UTM, Zone 35 N)

4. Available vector List File Export Layers to ROI Select Landsat file OK

5. Export EVF Layers to ROIConvert each record of an EVF layer to a new ROI Attribute column: NAME

This routine must be performed separately for each Landsat image (2015, ~ 16 images).

• Seasonality in Vegetation – Soil Endmembers is expected:

Summer vs Winter endmembers

• Illumination – directionality effects will also influence endmember signatures.

Create Spectral Library

• Visit http://www.vipertools.org/• Download and install VIPER Tools ENVI Plugin

according to VIPER Tools User Manual

Attention!

• VIPER tools function with ENVI file format:File Save File As ENVI Standard

• Some VIPER tools require band wavelength header info in order to work properly:

Right click file Edit header Edit attributes

Wavelengths Type band wavelengths/units

http://www.vipertools.org/


• Create Spectral Library file (.sli) from ROIs



• Create Metadata for Spectral Library




• View Spectral Library

View Spectral Library




• View Spectral Library

• In the next meeting!!!!

2016 - FORTH - LANDSATSlide Number 1Slide Number 2Slide Number 3Slide Number 4Slide Number 5Slide Number 6Slide Number 7Slide Number 8Slide Number 9Slide Number 10Slide Number 11Slide Number 12Slide Number 13Slide Number 14Slide Number 15Slide Number 16Slide Number 17Slide Number 18Slide Number 19

ProjectsUnmixingΑνάλυση Φασματικής ΑνάμιξηςΗ μίξη των φασμάτων Ανάλυση Φασματικής ΑνάμιξηςΜίξη φασμάτων Μίξη φασμάτων Ανάλυση Φασματικής ΑνάμιξηςΜοντελοποίηση της Αστικής Επιφάνειας

Endmember_Selection_Presentation

Documents

LANDSATph338.edu.physics.uoc.gr/Projects_Introduction.pdfLand-Satellite • 1972 – LT1, 1975 – LT2, 1978 – LT3, 1982 - LT4 • 1984 - Landsat 5 • Designed for 3 years life