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LAND DEVELOPMENTMANUAL
GLOSSARY
12 (1) and 12 (2) easements Easements complying with section 12 (1) and section 12 (2) respectively, of the Subdivision Act 1988.
2-lot subdivision The subdivision of one or more lots into two lots.
access chamber A feature on the sewerage system which allows inspection of and/or access to the sewerage system. Access chambers are used to define sewer pipe sections via their upstream and downstream numbers. See entries under standard access chamber, intermediate access chamber, sewerage pumping station access chamber and emergency relief structure.
access chamber chainage The distance between one numbered access chamber and the next numbered access chamber immediately downstream. Also referred to as the conduit length of the sewer pipe section.
access point Refer to access chamber.
additional lots The number of lots in the subdivision, minus the original lot or lots connected to Central Highlands Water’s assets.
AQUARATE Central Highlands Water's property online and retrieval information system used to store Central Highlands Water's rating and metering information.
area previously developed The area of a subdivision or development site on which buildings, impervious pavements or similar works were constructed before the commencement of the present subdivision or development.
as-constructed asset information Survey information describing the type, size and location of a newly completed asset.
asset A Central Highlands Water water main, sewer pipeline or associated structure (eg. pump station or reservoir).
attribute A database field (column) under which details are stored about a particular entity. An attribute could be seen as information about an entity (eg. material, size, etc.)
audit A systematic and independent examination to determine whether quality activities and related results comply with planned arrangements and whether these arrangements are implemented effectively and are suitable to achieve objectives.
basic size sewer A 225mm diameter size of the sewer at a depth of 2.1m for residential, commercial and industrial subdivision.
basic size water main A 150mm diameter size of the water for residential, commercial and industrial subdivision.
GLOSSARY
LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY 01
02 LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY
blank end A short pipe with a welded blank plate attached to a water main which allows for future extensions.
block A combination of elements which form a standard DXF graphical symbol for the representation of a feature. Blocks are able to be manipulated as a single element.
boundary realignment A minor boundary amendment to a Plan of Subdivision that does not increase the number of lots.
branch tie A measurement which specifies the location of the end of a property service branch, usually measured from the corner of a property or a fixed feature.
common drain A private sewer line owned and operated by more than one lot owner and servicing more than one dwelling. See also sewer in common and point private service.
connection point The intersection of a Central Highlands Water sewer and a private sewerage service.
consolidation (of lots) The combination of two or more lots to create one lot.
consultant A person or agency engaged by a property owner to undertake the design, project management, construction, survey and asset recording of water reticulation and sewerage services.
contractor The agent engaged by the developer to undertake the construction of the works.
contributions Charges, payable by the property owner, that recover the cost of providing water and sewer infrastructure works.
curved sewer A sewer pipe section which contains horizontal and/or vertical changes of alignment such as curves, bends or changes of grade.
deepening Additional excavation of a trench or hole to allow the sewer or drain to control upstream development.
density index (ID) Terminology by which density is defined for cohesionless soils. It relates the actual void ratio of the soil to the void ratio of the soil in its densest and loosest states.
developed lot The land on which buildings, paving, driveways and the like have been constructed and connected to Central Highlands Water assets.
developer The person entitled to execute a transfer of the land. The developer may be the land owner, developer or the subdivision owner.
GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
developer The person entitled to execute a transfer of the land. The developer may be the land owner, developer or the subdivision owner.
distribution works The works associated with the transfer of potable water (water suitable for drinking) from major assets to the reticulation system.
downstream The end of a pipeline to which sewage flows by gravity or is pumped. For gravity sewers, the downstream end is usually lower than the upstream end. For rising mains, the downstream end is usually higher than the upstream end. Also see upstream.
dry density ratio (RD) Terminology by which density is defined for cohesive soils.
dual occupancy Two dwellings on one lot.
DXF The abbreviation and file name extension given to graphics files that can be created in various graphics packages. It was created by Autodesk, Inc. for exchanging graphics files - the word DXF stands for Drawing Interchange Format.
easement Acquired right or privilege held by a person or public authority, including Central Highlands Water, to make specific use of land owned privately or by another authority. See also expressed easement, implied easement and 12 (1) and 12(2) easements.
edgematching The process of joining new graphical information with that of Central Highlands Water's existing graphical data.
eduction The process of pumping out sewage and transferring it to a point of disposal. Eduction is usually carried out because the permanent outlet is still under construction.
electrolysis point Features on the water supply system which prevent corrosion by stray electric currents generated by the movement of water through the main.
element An individual graphical item. For example, a line, circle or arc.
encumbrance Anything, within the scope of Central Highlands Water activities, affecting a property, that would not be disclosed by a search at the Titles Office.
established/unserviced lot A lot that was created as a separate title without a requirement to provide water reticulation, and/or sewerage services as part of the subdivision.
LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY 03
GLOSSARY
existing/unserviced developments
Buildings that were erected on a lot without a requirement to provide water reticulation, sewerage and/or drainage services.
expressed easement An easement shown by dimensions on the property title plan, specifying an acquired right or privilege and to whom it is given. See also 12 (1) and 12 (2) easements.
ferrule A fitting placed where a service connection draws water from a reticulation water main.
fire plug A fitting on the water supply system to allow the fire department access to the system or for flushing the water main.
flow arrow The graphical pointer which indicates the overall direction of flow of sewage along a sewer pipe section, as determined by gravity or pumping. Data displayed on the flow arrow indicates the size, grade, material and joint packing of the sewer pipe section to which it relates.
FMS Central Highlands Water's facilities mapping system. The computer system used by Central Highlands Water to store and retrieve their digital information relating to subdivisions and water supply and sewerage assets.
fronted by (a water main) To have a water main, that provides for a legal tapping, abutting the property boundary.
functional requirements Base design values or parameters supplied by Central Highlands Water to enable the consultant to design the works specified in the Notice of Agreement.
global origin The Easting and Northing origin of a file. This being the bottom left hand corner of the file.
grade The slope (or gradient) of a pipe. Grade is calculated from the conduit length and the difference between the upstream and downstream invert levels.
graphic file DXF format file containing the digital water supply data.
graphical flags Symbols placed in graphics files by consultants to indicate locations where further action is required by Central Highlands Water.
gravity control A sewer deep enough to enable sewerage to be discharged under gravity flow.
gravity sewer A sewer pipe section through which the sewage flows under the influence of gravity.
04 LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
horizontal curve Any change of direction in the horizontal alignment of a sewer pipe section. Horizontal curves include bends and smooth curves of constant or varied radius.
hydrant A fitting on the water supply system to allow the fire department access to the system or for flushing the water main.
implied easement An easement, for the benefit of lots, necessary to provide passage or provision of water supply and sewerage over land or buildings in a subdivision. The easement is specified in words, not dimensions, in a Plan of Subdivision. See also 12 (1) and 12 (2) easements.
in-sequence development A development that does not require connecting works through future subdividable land. Also known as next-in-line. See also out-of-sequence development.
intensive audit Audits undertaken due to the unsatisfactory performance of a consultant. The performance is measured by assessing a consultant’s conformance with the quality system.
intermediate access chamber An access chamber is intermediate when it is located between standard access chambers, and there is no change of conduit size, grade, material, level or project at that point. Intermediate access chambers are not numbered and do not require database attributes.
internal service Water pipes or sewers owned and operated by private lot owners. See also joint private service.
internal sewer Sewer pipes owned and operated by private lot owners.
invert level The level (to Australian Height Datum) of a point on the inside bottom of a pipe.
joint private service A water or sewer pipe owned and operated by more than one land owner. See also internal services.
live asset An asset that is operational, that is, is carrying water or sewage.
lot A part of land that can be sold or transferred separately. See also developed lot and partially developed lot.
main (water) Any pipe vested in, belonging to, or under the control of, Central Highlands Water and used for conveying potable water. Also known as the water main.
manhole A fitting on large water mains that allows access to or inspection of the water main.
multi-unit development More than two dwellings or buildings (for example, factoryettes) on one lot.
LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY 05
GLOSSARY
next-in-line development See in-sequence development.
node Conveniently placed points used to break up the water pipe system into pipe sections. Nodes are not a physical feature of the water supply system - they exist in the graphics file only.
nominated representative See the Sewerage and Water Standard Conditions section of Central Highlands Water’s Land Development Manual for details.
non-works A service that does not require the construction of reticulated water or sewer works. For example, sewer connection branches and water tappings are considered to be non-works.
Notice of Agreement The agreement (offer), which an owner enters into with Central Highlands Water, for the provision of water supply or sewerage services.
obligatory activities Activities or works carried out by Central Highlands Water. These include planning, determining standards and auditing.
offer See Notice of Agreement.
offset Measurement that specifies the location of a pipe line, usually measured at a right angle from a property boundary.
original lot The property title on which the development occurs. See also parent lot.
other authority sewer A sewer and its associated features which is owned and operated by an authority other than Central Highlands Water which may or may not outlet to Central Highlands Water sewerage system.
outfall access chamber The access chamber, usually at the downstream end of a rising main.
outfall sewer A sewer pipe installed between a development and a treatment facility, usually a branch, main or trunk sewer.
outlet sewer The sewer between the boundary of a development and the existing sewer system. Also known as a connecting sewer.
out-of-sequence development A development that does require connecting works through future subdividable land. See also in-sequence developments.
owner See developer
partially developed lot Land on which only a portion of the site area has been developed and is likely to be developed further. See also developed lot.
06 LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
permanent works Constructed works that will not be replaced by other works.
pipetrack land Land owned by Central Highlands Water for the construction of, or containing, major water supply works.
planning permit A permit required under the Planning and Environment Act 2012 for a use or development of land.
potable water Water which is suitable for drinking.
precast access chamber A manufactured access chamber, usually circular.
private service A privately owned water or sewer pipe, laid by agreement from a Central Highlands Water reticulated water main, aqueduct or sewer, to provide a service to one or more lots. Also known as a private extension or trunk service.
private sewer A sewer and its associated features which is owned and operated by a private company which may or may not outlet to Central Highlands Water sewerage system. Also see other authority sewer.
property boundary Refer title boundary
property service branch Pipes which connect the property service drains within a privately owned property to Central Highlands Water’s sewer pipes.
property service oblique branch Short “stub” pipes on sewer pipes which allow for the future construction of property service branches. Also referred to as OB’s. These are graphics only elements with no database information.
pumping station access chamber An access chamber structure containing sewerage pumping equipment. Sewerage pumping stations vertically lift sewage and either convey it under pressure to another point in the sewerage system, or discharge it at a higher level into the gravity sewer immediately downstream.
quality system The organisational structure, responsibilities, procedures, activities, capabilities and resources that together aim to ensure that products, processes or services will satisfy stated or implied needs.
rectification works Works required to correct a fault in the works.
reducer A fitting used to connect pipes of varying diameters with the minimum loss of pressure.
LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY 07
GLOSSARY
reserve Land that is set aside for public use. Reserves include general public open spaces, nature reserves, tree reserves, reserve parks, public gardens, recreation reserves, sporting, sewerage and water reserves.
reticulated Connected to a system or network of Central Highlands Water pipes.
reticulated sewer A sewer pipe, usually of a small diameter used for conveying sewage or effluent. The pipe is vested in, belongs to, or is under the control of, Central Highlands Water.
reticulated water A water pipe, usually of a small diameter used for conveying potable water. The pipe is vested in, belongs to, or is under the control of, Central Highlands Water.
reticulation sewer A gravity sewer pipe of less than 300mm diameter. Reticulation area and reticulation extension projects may only consist of reticulation sewers.
rising main A sewer pipe section through which sewage is pumped, usually in an uphill direction.
road alignment A line depicting the road, reservation boundary.
road centreline A line depicting the centre of a road reservation.
running chainage A chainage which increments along the length of a sewer pipe section between two numbered access chambers. The downstream access chamber is assigned a datum chainage of zero.
SAMPCAD A digital file available from Central Highlands Water (in DXF format) providing an example of what Central Highlands Water’s map base looks like.
scheme An arrangement for the construction of assets for unserviced lots, in accordance with relevant legislation.
sewage The effluent (wastewater) conveyed by sewer pipes.
sewer Any conduit that conveys sewage.
sewer in common A sewer owned and operated by more than one lot owner. It collects sewage from more than one dwelling and connects to a sewer owned and operated by a public authority. See also common drain and joint private service.
sewer pipe section A length of sewer pipe (conduit) between two numbered access chambers. Sewer pipe sections are graphically input as continuous elements - lines, strings or curves.
08 LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY
GLOSSARY
sewerage The system of sewer pipes, access chambers and structures that collect and convey sewage from individual properties to treatment plants for purification.
sewerage system All the sewers and sewerage works vested in Central Highlands Water for the purpose of sewage collection and disposal.
sewerage treatment (purification) plant
In this manual, the terms sewerage treatment plant and purification plants are considered to be the same. They refer to a complex to which sewage is conveyed by the sewerage system and treated.
siphon A vertically curved sewer, the invert levels of which are designed so that sewage is able to be conveyed under features such as natural watercourses and man made drains. This is achieved by the hydraulic design of the system which causes sewage to be siphoned between inlet and outlet access chambers.
stage lot An area of land that will be subdivided into further lots. Also known as a super lot.
standard access chamber Access chambers which derive their symbology from the size range of the sewer pipe section immediately downstream. Standard access chambers must be uniquely numbered and entered with full database attributes. Also see intermediate access chamber.
subdivision The division of land into two or more lots that can be sold or transferred separately.
super lot An area of land that will be subdivided into further lots. Also known as a stage lot. For example, S1 or Lot A.
survey All activities associated with the establishment of a subdivision and the supply of as-constructed asset information to Central Highlands Water.
symbology The specification describing the way in which elements must appear in the graphic design files. Symbology defines the element class, element type, level, color, weight, line style, text criteria (font, height, width, justification) and cell requirements for each graphics item.
tapping The connection of the internal water service to Central Highlands Water main.
temporary works Usually minor works that service a small area until a permanent system is constructed. These works are not part of Central Highlands Water’s current strategic planning.
tie See branch tie.
LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY 09
GLOSSARY
title boundary The line depicting the boundary between properties on a plan of subdivision.
two-lot subdivision See 2-lot subdivision.
upsizing The installation of a water main and sewer that is larger than required, in order to service other developments.
upstream The end of a pipeline from which sewage flows by gravity, or is pumped. For gravity sewers, the upstream end is usually higher than the downstream end. For rising mains, the upstream end is usually lower than the downstream end. Also see downstream.
valve A fitting on a water main that controls the rate and direction of water flow. Also used to isolate water mains for repair.
vertical curve Any change of direction in the vertical alignment of a sewer pipe section. Vertical curves include changes of grade and smooth curves of constant or varied radius.
vested in Ownership of the works by Central Highlands Water.
water main in common A water service owned and operated by more than one lot owner, and providing a water supply to more than one dwelling. See also joint private service and internal service.
water pipe section A length of water pipe between two nodes.
water supply system All dams, storage reservoirs, aqueducts, mains and water supply works vested in Central Highlands Water for the storage, transfer and distribution of potable water.
water supply zone The area serviced by a particular water supply facility or pipe network.
working Units The units of measure that the graphics file uses.
works The design, construction, project management and survey of water mains, sewers and associated work. For example, filling and grading that changes the natural condition or topography of land, construction of structures, holding tanks, pump stations and buildings. See also permanent works, temporary works and non-works.
WSAA Water Services Association of Australia.
10 LAND DEVELOPMENT - GLOSSARY
Central Highlands Water7 Learmonth Road Wendouree VIC 3355PO Box 152 Ballarat VIC 3353P: 1800 061 514 F: 03 5320 3299E: [email protected]
Designed and printed in the Central Highlands region08-12-SD11
