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7/29/2019 Labour Management Relations
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/labour-management-relations 1/2
Name:Amna Akram.ch
Reg : L1S10MBA0179
LABOUR RELATIONS MANAGEMENT
The HISTORY OF LABOUR RELATIONS beginning in the United States, labor relationsgained a huge boost in the country with the passage of the National Labor Relations Act in1935. This act covered a wide range of labour rights, including the right to strike, the right tobargain as a union,and a general right to protest and take action to achieve their desires. Itwas upheld by the Supreme Court in 1937.and Labor law (or employment law) issued, this isthe body of laws,administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of,andrestrictions on, working people and their organizations. As such, it mediates many aspects of the relationship between trade unions, employers and employees. There are two broadcategories of labor law.Frist, collective labor law relates employee, employer and union.
Second, individual labor law concerns employees' rights at work and through the contract for
work. The labor movement has been instrumental in the enacting of laws protecting labor
rights in the 19th and 20th centuries. Labor rights have been integral to the social and
economic development since the industrial revolution. The basic feature of labor law in almost
every country is that the rights and obligations of the worker and the employer. In Pakistan
labour laws trace their origination to legislation inherited from India at the time of partition of
the Indo-Pak subcontinent. The laws have evolved through a continuous process of trial to
meet the socio-economic conditions, state of industrial development, population and labour
force explosion, growth of trade unions, level of literacy, Government’s commitment to
development and social welfare. To meet the above named objectives, the government of the
Islamic Republic of Pakistan has introduced a number of labour policies, since its
independence to mirror the shifts in governance from martial law to democratic governance.
Under the Constitution, labour is regarded as a ‘concurrent subject’, which means that it is the
responsibility of both the Federal and Provincial Governments. However, for the sake of
uniformity, laws are enacted by the Federal Government, stipulating that ProvincialGovernments may make rules and regulations of their own according to the conditions
prevailing in or for the specific requirements of the Provinces. The total labour force of
Pakistan is comprised of approximately 37.15 million people, with 47% within the agriculture
sector, 10.50% in the manufacturing & mining sector and remaining 42.50% in various other
professions. The Constitution of Pakistan contains a range of provisions with regards to
labour rights found in Fundamental Rights and Principles of Policy.
Harmonious relations in every sphere of human activity are important for socio-economic
progress. Establishing and maintaining smooth and cordial relations between labour and
management, in particular, is of utmost importance, especially in Pakistan which occupies a
low position in the national industrial scenario, where resources are limited, population isgrowing at an alarming rate and hence industrial progress is the
7/29/2019 Labour Management Relations
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/labour-management-relations 2/2
Name:Amna Akram.ch
Reg : L1S10MBA0179
prime need. Mere technical efficiency, modern machinery, good plant layout and dynamic
organizations etc, are not enough to make a business profitable and lead to economic growth
and social improvements. It is harmonious and constructive labour-management relationship
in industry, which plays almost a decisive role in this respect. Unfortunately, increasingcomplexity of modern industrial system has widened the gap between the employers and the
employees more than ever before, the distributional disparities have worsened and discontent
and frustration at the lower levels of organizations have heightened. This gap has created
serious types of industrial conflicts in labour-management relations, resulting in fall of
production, increase in prices and creation of adverse balance and maximization of national
wealth and can easily be transcribed as threats to the welfare of the people.