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LABORATORYLABORATORYSAFETYSAFETY
SHORT COURSESHORT COURSE--
CompulsoryCompulsory for all MS studentsfor all MS studentswhowho wishwish to to attendattend lab lab coursescourses
or do or do theirtheir ownown lab lab workwork
Question:
Do we really need to care about lab safety,or is it just unnecessary bureaucracy anda waste of our preciuous time?
Answer:
We really need to take lab safety seriously, becausewe all want a safe working environment, and because the consequences can be quite severeif lab safety is neglected.
Dean
Instituteleader
Individualadvisers
Coursesupervisor
Person responsible
for rooms
Chain of responsibility regarding EHS at the MN Faculty
RESPONSIBILITY OF INDIVIDUAL ADVISERS:
Individual advisers for students and PhD-students shall see to that the tasks delegated are carried out within the HMS framework. This includes:
• Responsibility for checking the technical devices that are to be used.• Provide datasheets for all chemicals in use.• Check the students/PhD-students general knowledge concerning HMS.• Evaluate the risks before research work commences.• Give those involved the necessary information and training concerning the work methods, risks, protective measures and instructions.
RESPONSIBILITY OF INDIVIDUAL ADVISERS CONT’D:
• Regularly check the work, the organization, and the cleanliness. • Check that chemicals are disposed in accordance with prevailing
routines and as soon as possible after their use.• Check that chemicals are marked properly.
In addition, individual advisers have a special responsibility to see to that foreign language students/PhD-students understand existing routines, and that no other circumstances create security problems for these students.
RESPONSIBILITY OF COURSE SUPERVISOR :
The course supervisor is responsible for safety when laboratory courses and other courses are held.
RESPONSIBILITY OF STUDENTS :
The students shall contribute to the carrying out of HMS routines. They are required to carry out all work connected with their studies in accordance with the requirements and instructions from the institute. The students are to be informed of their duty to actively contribute to HMS work by, among other things, preventing and limiting injuries. The student’s work is to be suspended when it cannot be continued without posing a threat to health and safety, cf. ” Work environment book for students at the UiO”
ROUTINES FOR LABORATORY WORK(from MN Faculty EHS handbook)
• Work in the laboratories has to be planned. • Any laboratory user is to keep a personal laboratoryjournal of the work being done.
• If laboratory work that may create a potential danger orrisk is scheduled outside normal work hours, some otherperson must keep in touch with the user during this time.
• Women should inform the leadership when pregnancy hasbeen ascertained, so that the work situation may bearranged accordingly.
ROUTINES FOR LABORATORY WORK CONT’D
• The standard clothing is a laboratory coat, a divided suit in the engineering workshops, “sealed” shoes, long trousers or skirt, and if necessary, safety gear
• It is not allowed to eat, drink, smoke, take snuff, chewgum, or store food and drink in the laboratory
• It is not allowed to wear clothes, jewelry or anything onone’s head that may create a risk in the laboratory
• Workbenches are to be kept clean and tidy
See also additional info in ACS Safety folder
The concept of controlling risk.
RISK EVALUATION WHEN WORKING WITH HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS
The user is to:
• Base his/her risk evaluation on the information found in the chemical database.
• In cases where no laboratory routines have been established, the user is to conduct his/her own risk evaluation, cf. “Risk evaluation form”
• Evaluate possible interferences and emergency situations, aswell as the consequences and appropriate responses to these.
RISK EVALUATION WHEN WORKING WITH HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS CONT’D
The user is to:
• Set up appropriate work procedures when doing experiments involving hazardous chemicals.
• Replace hazardous chemicals and processes with ones which are less hazardous when possible.
• Plan the use of hazardous chemicals in order to minimize waste.• Be certain that waste is disposed of in accordance with regulations. • Contribute to the integration of the risk evaluations into the work
procedures.
Old chemicals 1
Old chemicals 2
MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) Information 1 Identification of substance2 Composition/Data on components3 Hazards identification4 First aid measures5 Fire fighting measures6 Accidental release measures7 Handling and storage8 Exposure controls and personal protection9 Physical and chemical properties:10 Stability and reactivity11 Toxicological information12 Ecological information13 Disposal considerations14 Transport information15 Regulations16 Other information
Most important information from MSDS: Risk and Safety Phrases
VWR International: http://uk.vwr.com/app/Home
SIRI MSDS Index: http://siri.org/msds
ECOonline (MSDSs in Norwegian): http://www.ecoonline.no
Where to findMaterial Safety Data Sheets:
Labelling symbols:
PoisonousSelf explanatory. Whereas most chemicals are fairly dangerous if ingested or inhaled, many of these are dangerous even on contact.
Environmental hazardRelatively rare with laboratory chemicals (most of which pose some environmental hazard if not got rid of correctly), theserequire particular care to be taken on disposal.
CorrosiveAvoid contact with the skin. Bear in mind that these can (under some circumstances) rust chemical cupboards
ExplosiveAgain, fairly self-explanatory, though fairly seldom seen in the average lab. Bear in mind that noise and movement can also trigger explosion (not just sparks/flames!).
Flammable or extremely flammableChemicals to be stored in flame-resistant cupboards. Volatile solvents can be a particular problem as they are prone to spread around from unsealed containers. This also covers pyrophoric materials (that catch fire spontaneously on exposure to air).
Irritant or HarmfulThis symbol covers a wide range of (sometimes relatively minor) hazards - with precautions such as avoid contact with the skin, do not breathe,etc. - best to refer to relevant data sheet for details.
Oxidising chemicalOxidising chemicals are materials that spontaneously evolve oxygen at room temperature or with slight heating, or that promote combustion. To be kept away from flammable chemicals at all costs!
LD50 LD50 valuesvalues for for somesome substancessubstances (mg/kg)(mg/kg)
Ethanol 10 000Sodium chloride 4 000Nicotine 1TCDD (”dioxin”) 0.001Botulinus toxin 0.00001
Casarett and Doull’s Toxicology. MacMillan, New York 1986
FlammableFlammable liquidsliquids• Flash point: Lowest temperature where the vapor
above liquid is ignitable.
• Autoignition Lowest temperature at which a material willtemperature: ignite without an external source of ignition .
• Boiling point: Tells you how easy the liquid will evaporate.
Flash point (°C) Autoignition temp. (°C) Boiling point(°C)
Ether -45 180 34,5
Gasoline -45 250 32 – 250
Toluene 4,4 480 150 – 210
White spirit 65 240 175-225
FIREFIRE--TRIAGLETRIAGLE
FIRE!
Oxygen
Flammable matter
Heat Some fires can be put out
by preventing air supply
Big fire: Evacuate! Close doors
Do not keep flammableMatter close to heatsources
Flammable chemicalsshould be kept infire-safe closets.
No more chemicals thanneeded (number & volumes)Avoid clutter.
Important: Keep the lab tidy!
LaboratoryLaboratory hoodshoods• Operative: Fan switch in position ”1”• Non-operative: Fan switch in position ”0” and door shut
Use laboratory hoods for all operations in which toxic, corrosive, irritating, or flammablechemicals are involved. Be certain that the hood is operating properly prior to execution of your work!
Max 30 cm
FIRE ALARM SYSTEMFIRE ALARM SYSTEM• Smoke detector (alarms Fire Dept.)• Heat detector (alarms Fire Dept.)• Manual fire alarm box (alarms Fire Dept.)
Prevent false alarms!Avoid smoke/steam/dustclose to fire detectors.
Alert: Everybody in the area should be alerted.Use fire alarms when provided.Call 110!
Assist: Help people who need assistanceto the nearest safe place.
Extinguish: Use the extinguishing equipment at hand.Do not leave the fire as the fire may flare up again.
Control damage: On leaving the building or the place offire, close doors and windows, but do not lock.
Guide: Explain the incident to the area leader or otherperson responsible.
Depending on circumstances you may:
Fire Fire extinguishersextinguishers • Carbon DioxideExtinguisher In labs and some
corridorsFor small firesNon-polluting
• Dry Chemical In corridors. Extinguisher Very effecive
Pollutes a lot.
• Fire hose In corridors.EffectiveDO NOT useagainst fires in flammableliquids.
• Fire blanket In some labs.For use against fire in persons/clothes.
• Lab showers In some labs.
• Fire doors must not be propped open
• Fire extinguishers must be easily accessible
Exits & ExtinguishersExits & Extinguishers
SomeSome labs labs maymay have have specialspecial safetysafety rulesrules. . SpecialSpecial trainingtraining requiredrequired..
• Stone crushing room & sawing room: Technical personell willconduct training and hand out dust mask
• Mineral separation lab: Heavy liquids require special fumehoods and special precautions.
• Organic geochemistry lab.: Organic solvents and strongoxidizers.
• Palynological lab & sample preparation for ICP-MS and TIMS use HydroFluoric acid, which is very etching and toxic.
1. 1. AidAid in case in case ofof accidentsaccidents
• Chemical spill in eyes: Rinse with lots of water (Eyewash station, Barikos bottle or tap water). Contact theeye clinic, Ullevål hospital.
• Burn injuries: Cool down injured part of body with coldwater. Submerge in water (15-20 °C). See doctor.
• Chemical spill on skin: Rinse with lots of water, washwith soap and water. In special cases: applycleaning/neutralising gel.
• Cuts: Rinse with cold water. Apply band-aid(found in 1. aid cabinets).
• Gas poisoning: Fresh air. Keep person calm. See doctor.
• Ingestion of poisonous chemicals. Drink lots ofwater. Check MSDS to see if vomiting should be induced or not. If necessary, call the PoisonInformation Telephone : 22 59 13 00. Seedoctor.
1. 1. AidAid in case in case ofof accidentsaccidents contcont’’dd
1. aid cabinets1. aid cabinetsGeology building:
3. floor: 301 (palynology lab.)316B (organic geochemistry lab.)
2. floor: 245A (chemistry lab.)
1. floor: 143A (sed.lab.)119 (secretariat)
0. floor: 025 (thin section lab)Outside 004 by main stairs
00. floor: 0019 (micro sonde/SEM)0009 (crushing room)
Nils Henrik Abel building:
11.floor: 1108 (Solveig’s office)
AccidentAccident reportingreporting
• All accidents should be reported.• Use UiO accident reporting form.• Contact local safety deputy (see list).
LocalLocal safetysafety deputiesdeputies::
• NHA building, 11.- 12. floor: Bjørg Rognerud, 57917
• Geology building 3.- 4. floor & local online chemical index: Kristian Backer-Owe, 56640
• Geology building 1.- 2. floor: Mufak Naoroz, 56661
• Geology building 00.- 0. floor: Gunborg Bye Fjeld, 58187
• Field work: Trond Eiken, 57913
Fire safety representatives :Geology building:4. floor: Leif Sørbel3. floor: Kristian Backer-Owe2. floor: Mufak Naoroz1. floor: Åsgeir Seland0. floor: Gunborg Bye Fjeld00. floor: Muriel Erambert, Marit Sørlie/Kristin Rangnes(library)
Nils Henrik Abel building:12. floor: Bjørg Rognerud11. floor: Solveig Aksdal
ImportantImportant telephonetelephone numbersnumbers• Security and Alarm Centre (24h service)
Emergency: 56666 Ordinary inquiries: 55007
• Ambulance: 113• Univ. Health Service (daytime) - Emergency:
53174
ALL LABS SHOULD HAVEA PLACARD WITH THESE NUMBERS
SourcesSources ofof EHS EHS informationinformation::
• UiO EHS handbook (in Norwegian):http://www.uio.no/admhb/hms
• Working environment handbook for students at UiO:http://www.admin.uio.no/sta/laeringsmiljoutvalget/Handbok-engelsk2.rtf
• MN Faculty EHS handbook:http://www.matnat.uio.no/internt/HMS/English_version_of_HMShandbook_28062006.doc
• IG local safety procedures for each lab.
