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1. The most important regulations for the work place: Emergency alarm: 888
Must!
Every employee must act responsibly with respect to safety and to the environment. All newly arriving employees will be instructed by their group safety officer about safety and environmental issues, and must follow his/her orders. New employees must oblige themselves to follow all safety- and environmental protection rules and regulations and act according to orders from the SHE-Co (Safety-Health-Envir.-Commission of HCI)
Protect yourself!
Personal protection equipment is obligatory when working with chemicals and equipment; 1st priority: safety glasses! People who wear glasses must use safety goggles over their glasses (these can be obtained from the HCI-shop). For ETH employees, safety glasses with lenses are available upon request from the safety department. It is obligatory to wear a protective laboratory coat as well as laboratory compatible, flame resistant normal clothes. Where necessary, protective gloves, breathing apparatus, etc. must be used.
Workspace!
Generally, users must keep the workspaces and fume hoods clean and in order, and are responsible for good housekeeping and adequate working hygiene. Workspaces and fume hoods may not be filled with large amounts of chemicals. The service team can close the dirty workspace off. Desk-areas in laboratories may not be used to place, store or handle chemicals or objects contaminated with chemicals.
Forbidden!
Food and consumption products in any form, cosmetics and medications, may never be stored and used near chemicals, biological agents, dangerous equipment, etc. Smoking is prohibited everywhere within HCI.
Contamination!
Used protective gloves must be disposed of at the place of use. Never walk through the building with contaminated gloves or other tools. People wearing gloves will not be helped at the various service desks.
Risk analysis!
When working with chemicals or biological agents that bear increased safety risks, the local safety officer or assistant must be informed in advance. For such work, the students, apprentices, guests, service technicians etc. require the direct presence of a knowledgeable laboratory assistant. Before high-risk work starts, a danger/risk analysis must be completed. Pay attention to Material Safety Data Sheets (Web site: www.eusdb.de) as well as pictograms on the chemicals labels and GHS H-/P-statements (risk/safety-statements, replacing the older R-/S-statements). If no MSDS data are available, it must be made sure that all possible risk factors have been considered that may be related to the unknown chemical. Be aware of the general rule: the smaller the amounts of educts and products used in the experiment, the smaller the possible risks and effects of accidents. For dangerous experiments, the Poison Laboratory HCI D312 (video monitored) is available after contacting the safety officer or laboratory assistant. Any work in the Poison Laboratory must be also announced in advance to [email protected].
Ignition!
Open fire or ignition sources (e.g. hot air guns, bunsen burners with gas bottles or hose) may only be used in rooms where no flammable compounds reside in near vicinity. Alkali metals and their hydrides can ignite spontaneously in the vicinity of air and water. Special care must be taken with distillation residues, which may contain alkali metals.
Fumes!
Any work using or producing toxic, flammable and malodorous chemicals, gases, aerosols or fumes, must be done in appropriate fume hoods. Additional absorbers must be installed to catch possibly escaping gases, fumes and aerosols.
Overpressure!
Vacuum, overpressure and stirring operations in unsuitable glass equipment may lead to fracturing of the glass. Quality and wall thicknesses of the used glass containers and equipment must be selected according to the intended use. Experimental autoclaves must be equipped with a pressure gauge and with a overpressure protection disc, and before use, require approval from the safety department when the pressurized volume exceeds >10 [bar x l], or may be operated in the high pressure laboratory, depending on space requirements.
Prevention!
Before starting any experiment, all required protection measures must be taken in advance (and necessary emergency material must be organized) in order to prevent any possible accident. This also includes protection for spreading bad smelling compounds!
Gas cylinders!
Gas cylinders must always be secured against falling by chaining. Gas cylinders and pressurized exit gas require appropriate pressure reducing valves. Corroded pressure reducers may never be used.
Liquefied gases!
Additionally to the risk of suffocation and cold burns, using liquefied gases requires: Special awareness for Oxygen-enrichment in liquid Nitrogen, especially in cold traps of high vacuum systems. During air supplying, the Oxygen-enrichment with highly flammable liquid Oxygen occurs in the cold traps, which are cooled with liquid Nitrogen. The Nitrogen can react very strongly with condensed solvents when they thaw. Ampoules (or similar containers) with chemicals that have been frozen out with liquid Nitrogen under Argon protection may never be sealed in these conditions. Warming up will possibly lead to evaporation of frozen Argon, and may cause a serious risk of explosion due to overpressure.
Doors and escape routes!
Laboratory-, emergency balcony-, escape- and entrance doors to the building may never be blocked with any objects, left open, or prevented from closing with a wedge. Closed doors guarantee the building ventilation balance, as well as sufficient underpressure in the laboratories, so that incidents can be better held back and fought. In case of emergency, work must be interrupted and one must leave the laboratory, until the cause of the incident has been removed! Furthermore, open balcony doors in the D- and E-floors allow unauthorised people as well as creatures such as mice, insects, etc. enter the building. The laboratory service team will remove and dispose of illegally deposited objects on the escape route or escape balconies.
Respect!
Sound-/radio equipment may only be used with permission of the superiors and may never be heard outside the personal area. In case of unacceptable noise or disco states, the laboratory service will disconnect and remove the equipment.
Further explanations about the most important Laboratory Regulations as well as further Work Instructions can be found in the SGU Safety, Health and Environmental Manual for the HCI for 2010 and the ETH Safety Manual from the SHE Department.
Laboratory Rules for the HCI
Jaunary 2010 TM
2. Building and Laboratory operation regulations for HCI:
Instructions: Balcony- and Laboratory doors may never be left open! Stepping on the escape balconies in front of the practical work laboratories is (except in emergencies) forbidden.
• It is allowed to stay on the escape balconies (except in front of the practical work laboratories) as long as the doors are closed behind you.
• The automatic door closing devices may never be removed from the doors between the laboratories and the corridor. • The viewing windows in the laboratory doors may never be covered or taped off, except when permission from the SHE-Co has
been obtained (e.g. in laser laboratories). • Transport of chemicals (including for waste disposal purposes): special safety carrying baskets must be used for the
transportation of chemicals inside the building, special Dewars for the transport of liquefied gases. Gas cylinders may only be transported with a screwed on cap and chained to special trolleys. Chemicals, liquefied gases, mobile waste disposal units and pressurized gas cylinders may only be transported using the goods lift, never with a persons' lift.
3. Technical infrastructure and equipment: 3.1 In general: • Only certified and tested laboratory equipment may be used for experiments and only for their intended use. Use of hobby and
household equipment for laboratory experiments is not allowed. Never use damaged glass parts (risk of injury); dispose of damaged glass parts (glass waste) or send it to the glass-blower shop for repair.
• Operation manuals must be kept with the equipment. Before using equipment (e.g. vacuum network membrane pumps, rotation evaporators, laboratory scales, etc.) one must always read the instruction manuals, or get help and advice from an experienced person!
• Before taking new equipment and apparatus into operation: test them for leaks (water, vacuum, gas connections, etc.). Avoid closed systems because heating, reactions, etc. may cause the risk of overpressure! Check all cabling, hose connections, and seals of any kind regularly for disintegration, fatigue or damage, and replace defective parts if needed.
3.2 Standard laboratory fume hoods: • To protect oneself and to protect the environment, the window of the fume hood should always be kept as low as possible. Note:
with a fully opened window, not all gases that have a higher density than air can be transported away anymore.
• Operation of the fume hoods:
• Function "Tag" (day) respectively "Std" (hours): When actuated, the timer for the operation of the fume hood is activated, and the indicator "Betrieb" (operation) lights up. After the specified time has expired, the exhaust ventilation will automatically reduce to the minimum prescribed value, and the indicator "Abluft aus" (no exhaust) lights up.
• Function "Not" (emergency): When pressing, this switches the fume hood exhaust ventilation to maximum power, generally for 15 minutes.
• Indicator "Zu niedrig" (too low) combined with an acoustic warning: there is not enough exhaust ventilation power available. If this situation cannot be solved, any dangerous experiments have to be stopped immediately. Problems must be reported to the safety officer or assistant, or via mail to the hotline at [email protected].
• Indicator "Schieber zu": Window position it too high! • Functions "Quit": Turning off the acoustic alarm.
3.3 Local laboratory vacuum networks: • The membrane vacuum pumps for vacuum networks need to be checked several times a day for a filled condensate tank. Defects
must be reported to the group safety office or to the hotline [email protected]. Membrane vacuum pumps (type Vacuubrand or Büchi) can be given for service or repair to the central repair service in the HCI-shop.
• Only rotation evaporation equipment may be permanently connected to the vacuum network. It is allowed to quickly 'borrow' such a vacuum network for other purposes, as long as those who require a good vacuum are informed and agree. For all other purposes it must be checked beforehand if nearby vacuum networks would suffer from a long-term vacuum loss of quality.
• It is absolutely forbidden to suck up liquids (even in small amounts) with a vacuum network! A liquid trap must always be connected between the vacuum using system and the vacuum module..
• Accidentally pumped liquids into the vacuum network must always be reported immediately to the safety officer, the assistant, or via e-mail to [email protected]
• During operation of the membrane vacuum pump systems, the pump exhaust must always be fed to an extraction device, never in the room atmosphere.
3.4 Cooling water modules in the media columns: • Operation: The cooling water circuit is closed when the valve is turned to the 0-position and the flow control valve is closed. To
open the cooling water flow: turn the valve to the 1-position, and then carefully open the flow control valve. Prevent pressure shocks! Cooling water connector Screw on nipple drip stop
• Drip-stops are mounted inside the supply and return connectors of the module, which prevent the leaking of water from the connections in case no connectors are mounted. Screwing the connectors onto the cooling water module press the drip-stops inwards and opens the cooling water circuit, as long as the valves are open. Due to corrosion and deposits it happens frequently that the drip-stops get jammed in the open position and therefore the connections leak water if they are released. This means that when opening the valves without connections, water can suddenly flow!
• In case the drip-stops are leaking or dripping water: build a bridging connection from the supply to the return connector, or mount a closed cooling water loop.
• In case water is still leaking from the cooling water module after bridging the connections, this should be reported immediately via email to [email protected].
• In an emergency water leak use telephone 888 to inform the alarm office and then close the main cooling water valve in the services duct in the corridor (marked with red dots). The door to this service duct can be unlocked with your house key. Make sure other cooling water dependent equipment and experiments are secured before shutting down the cooling water supply!
• When cooling water modules are no longer needed and nothing else was agreed upon, the media connections must be removed immediately. In case of a leaking connection, leave the bridging connection.
3.5 Gas modules in media columns: • Operation: always open gas valves slowly (prevent pressure shocks! Prevent unwanted pressure increases in closed containers.
Blocked or broken gas valves, as well as uncontrollable pressure should be reported by email to [email protected] • Note: the gas module can only regulate the gas pressure not the gas flow. A flow regulator is available from the HCI-shop.
Prevent unnecessary wasting of Nitrogen gas, always make sure to use a safe but carefully chosen amount of Nitrogen purging gas.
3.6 Media connections: • Media connections: all nipple/hose type media connections must be secured with straps on the side of the media column as well
as on the equipment side. Only proper hose qualities may be used for cooling water and gas connections. Methane connections also have a special type of hose. When you smell natural gas, immediately dial 888 and inform the alarm office.
3.7 Freezer/fridges; rotary vane vacuum pumps: • Freezer/fridges must be regularly checked; cleaned and de-iced (the melting water must be caught properly). • Rotary vane vacuum pumps: in case solvents or similar chemicals are being distilled with rotary vane vacuum pumps, cooling
traps must always be used to prevent condensation of solvents inside the pump oil. Before returning a pump to the CI shop for repair, the user must complete a contamination declaration and the oil must be drained from the pump and must be properly disposed of.
4. Waste disposal: • Waste disposal facilities HCI D276:
o Opening hours: Monday - Friday between 14 and 16 hrs (Tel: 34603) o During semester holidays only Tuesdays and Thursdays between 14 and 16 hrs or by appointment.
(Tel: 34983/37689)
• Chlorinate and non-chlorinated solvents wastes are collected separately in mobile waste disposal units. (See section 6.11.3). When these are full, they must be brought to the waste disposal office D276. There the proper facilities exist to empty them. The mobile waste disposal units must be cleaned regularly (basin, outside, structure). Defective and leaking mobile waste disposal units must be reported immediately to [email protected]!
• Liquid special wastes may be disposed of in well labelled 5, 10 or 20 L – liquids containers, chemicals in 5, 10 or 20 L – plastic buckets. Organic and inorganic solids, Mercury, acids, bases, heavy metal containing solutions, photo chemicals, pharmaceuticals etc. must always be collected and disposed of separately. Filled containers must be taken to the waste disposal facilities properly closed and secured in their own catchments. Such empty containers and catchments can be obtained there for free.
• Tissues, objects etc which are contaminated with less toxic chemicals may be placed in garbage bins only if it is packaged in such a way that the cleaning staff will not suffer any health or injury risks when emptying the bins. Chemicals themselves may never be placed in garbage bins!
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• All biological wastes must be collected in autoclavable, labelled containers and must be autoclaved afterwards, before they are placed in normal garbage bins.
• Glass waste, needles, sharp objects: These should never be disposed of via the normal garbage. There is a risk of injury and contamination by the cleaning staff. Syringe needles must be disposed of in in special waste containers (available in the HCI-shop) and handed over to the central disposal location HCI D276.
• Glass bottles: This is not collected separately by colour. In most laboratories a separate collection bin for glass is available. Always remember to rinse bad smelling or fuming glass vessels (previously emptied) with water or solvents prior to disposal (observe safety information on label)! For very toxic substances, the rinsing water is also collected and disposed of as being hazardous. The disposal of waste glass in with hazardous chemical residues is forbidden. Glassware that cannot be cleaned of hazardous waste must be brought to the waste disposal office.
• Paper, cardboard, Aluminium, PET bottles must be disposed of in the dedicated recycling collection bins distributed throughout HCI!
5. Storage of toxic, bad smelling and corrosive chemicals:
Highly toxic, bad-smelling and corrosive chemicals must be stored separately in appropriate, vented safety cabinets, freezers or refrigerators. These containers must be specially marked, e.g. with references to the dangers involved in using these chemicals, as well as the required actions in the event of an incident. Larger quantities of liquids containers must be stored in chemically resistant drip pans. Note: When filling of solvents in glass bottles, these may never be completely filled and closed for storage; at least 5% empty volume must be left, to prevent breaking of the glass as the room temperature increases.
6. Labelling of chemicals and samples: registration in the chemicals database:
For permanent and temporary storage of chemicals and samples, used chemicals containers, and neutral glass bottles (not recognizable as food containers) may be used. Existing labels must be covered completely with a proper product label. The new identification label for solvents must additionally be covered with a transparent plastic protective tape. Chemicals in spray bottles, flasks, Erlenmeyer glasses etc. must at least be labelled with a special marker that is hard to dissolve. Solvent drums must be labelled with engraved tags. Identification of contents for chemicals and samples:
• Product name and/or formula • User's name • Date of filling • For hazardous materials: Risk notes, storage conditions • For solvent drums: engraved tag with product name and laboratory number
Use of empty food-, cosmetics- and medication containers for the storage of all chemicals and samples is forbidden!
Chemicals can be ordered only with the consent of the group leader or assistant. Newly delivered chemicals as well as collection and the return of chemicals from and to the storage room must be recorded in the central chemical inventory systems without exception. Never return empty, damaged, unlabeled containers or contaminated chemicals back to the chemical storage.
7. Night-, weekend-, and holiday work:
• Interns, students, and apprentices may never work in the laboratory without the supervision of an assistant. Any work before 08.00 or after 19.00 hrs requires an additional approval from the head of the working group. Diploma student may work before 08.00 resp. After 19.00 hrs, their mentor is responsible for their safety.
• All other people must make sure to have a second, emergency qualified, person to be present, whenever they work with chemicals or glass equipment on holidays or between 22.00 and 06.00 hrs. Both people are responsible for each other and for a safe work procedure. Planned night-, weekend- and holiday-work using chemicals or glass equipment must be announced early to the group safety officer or assistant.
8. At the end of the workday:
• Reactions and equipment without increased safety risk, which need to stay in operation over night (if possible with safety drip pan; heated only with a contact thermometer or regulators), must have a night work sign (available in the HCI-shop). This night work sign must be easily visible at the fume hood window, or must be fastened in the vicinity of the experiment or the equipment. Equipment for continuous operation must be labelled with a phone number of the responsible person and with information on what to do in an emergency. Equipment in operation without night work sign will be turned off on weekends, public holidays and on weekdays between 22.00 and 06.00 hours. Persons, who violate these rules repeatedly, will be warned!
• Everyone has to make a final inspection in the laboratory after work, and ensure that all equipment without a night work sign is turned off, all chemicals are stored away safely, all valves of gas and liquids on the media columns and on gas cylinders are closed, and that all equipment running overnight is declared with a night work sign, and reaction vessels are working properly. Especially the distilleries with alkali metals in the distillation residue, as well as the main natural gas switch must be checked to be off.
• Never touch the main electrical switch for the laboratory (except in case of an emergency)!
9. Disregard for the laboratory and operation rules:
• The safety officers, assistants, and group leaders must enforce the observance of the Labour policy and operational requirements. • The safety officer, assistant or group leader to the SHE-co must report multiple violations of the laboratory rules by a person or
group of people. The head of SHE-co decides on further action. • Every incident must be reported. Accidents, near accidents, critical situations, etc. must be reported to the SHE-Co (Email to
[email protected]). 10. Responsibilities, web sites and contact addresses:
• The SHE-Co implements the ETH safety policy at HCI. It does so by order of the departments. The SHE-Co acts in accordance with the guidelines of the Central Safety, Health and Environmental Department of ETH Zurich.
• Details can be found in the Safety, Health and Environmental Manual for the HCI for 2010. This can be obtained from the HCI-Shop or can be downloaded from the web site of the SHE-Co.
• Important note: Students are responsible for their own insurance coverage!
Website of the SHE-Co: www.chab.ethz.ch/siko; Website of the SHE Department of ETH Zürich: www.sgu.ethz.ch; Environmental website of ETH Zürich: www.umwelt.ethz.ch; Contact address for any questions: [email protected]
