LABOR CASES,Second Half-2-3 With 25 26 and 27

8/17/2019 LABOR CASES,Second Half-2-3 With 25 26 and 27

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LABOR CASESBOOK IV

1. GSIS v CA

FACTS:On March 6, 1974, Abraham Cate !"ne# the m"$"tar% &er'"ce a& a r"($eman !( the)h"$"**"ne +a'% an# a& &-b&e.-ent$% #e&"/nate# a& Act"!n C$er0 In 1926, hea& tran&(erre# t! the )h"$"**"ne C!n&tab-$ar% "th the ran0 !( Techn"ca$Ser/eant an# a& $ater *r!m!te# t! Ma&ter Ser/eant In 1991, he a& ab&!rbe#"n the )+) "th the ran0 !( S)O4 Abraham then c!m*$a"ne# !( a ma&& !n h"&$e(t chee0 h"ch /ra#-a$$% "ncrea&e# "n &"3e B"!*&% &h!e# that he a& &-((er"n/(r!m O&te!b$a&t"c O&te!&arc!ma e a& a#m"tte# at the )5 *a%ar# an#-n#erent T!ta$ Ma"$$ect!m% "th Orb"ta$ Eentrat"!n h"ch rem!'e# the ma&&!n h"& $e(t chee0 In 1994, an!ther b"!*&% re'ea$e# the rec-rrence !( the a"$ment

In the meant"me, the !r"/"n an# ca-&e !( O&te!&arc!ma are -n0n!n Abrahana& c!m*-$&!r"$% ret"re# (r!m the )+) Abraham ("$e# a c$a"m (!r "nc!me bene("t&"th the 5SIS b-t a& #en"e# !n the /r!-n# that O&te!&arc!ma "& n!tc!n&"#ere# a& an !cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e -n#er ) 686 an# there "& n! &h!"n/that h"& #-t"e& a& S)O4 ha# "ncrea&e# the r"&0 !( c!ntract"n/ the &a"# a"$ment In199, Abraham #"e# an# a& &-r'"'e# b% h"& "(e !r!th% Cate an# 8 ch"$#ren

ISSE:;hether !r n!t Abraham


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2. SALOME V ECC

FACTS:)et"t"!ner a& em*$!%e# a& &eer b% the )a-$ 5ene'e Enterta"nmentC!r*!rat"!n She a& $ater *r!m!te# a& the !(("cer "n char/e an# the !'er>a$$

c-&t!#"an "n the Se"n/ e*artment S!met"me "n 1996 )et"t"!ner &tarte# t! (ee$che&t *a"n& -nt"$ &he ("$e# a $ea'e !( ab&ence (r!m !r0 a& the che&t *a"n&became -nbearab$e Me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n re&-$t& &h! that *et"t"!ner a&&-((er"n/ (r!m Ather!&c$er!t"c heart #"&ea&e, Atr"a$ F"br"$$at"!n, Car#"ac Arr%thm"a*!n rec!mmen#at"!n !( her #!ct!r, *et"t"!ner re&"/ne# (r!m her !r0 )et"t"!ner $ater ("$e# a #"&ab"$"t% c$a"m "th the SSS h"ch a& #en"e#

ISSE:;hether !r n!t )et"t"!ner


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3. HEIRS OF DEAUNA V FIL STAR MARITIME CORPORATION

FACTS:Re&*!n#ent "& a $!ca$ mann"n/ a/enc% "th Ca*t M"$$a$!& a& "t& /enera$mana/er 5ran#&$am "& am!n/ F"$&tar


4/71

4. DEBAUDIN V SSS

FACTS:)et"t"!ner "& a &eaman b% *r!(e&&"!n an# !"ne# the n"te# )h"$"**"ne L"ne& "n197 an# a& &e*arate# (r!m h"& em*$!%ment "n 1998 at the a/e !( 68 -r"n/

h"& 12 %ear& !( &er'"ce, he b!ar#e# 'ar"!-& (!re"/n !cean /!"n/ 'e&&e$& h"$e*er(!rm"n/ h"& #-t"e& an# re&*!n&"b"$"t"e& that "nc$-#e# c$ean"n/ chem"ca$ &*"$$ !"$!n #ec0, &$at #"&$!#/"n/, an# &*ra%"n/ na*tha chem"ca$ an# a&h"n/ #"rt an#r-&t& "n&"#e the tan0 )et"t"!ner


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5. AUSTRIA V CA

FACTS:)et"t"!ner A-&tr"a a& em*$!%e# a& ba/ *"$er at Centra$ A3-carera #e Tar$ac In1994, *et"t"!ner be/an t! (ee$ &e'ere bac0 *a"n The >ra% *h!t!/ra*h& re'ea$e#

that he ha& !&te!arthr"t"& !( the $-mbar &*"ne )et"t"!ner ("$e# "th the SSS ac$a"m (!r c!m*en&at"!n bene("t&, h"ch a& /rante# )et"t"!ner a& aar#e#*ermanent *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& )et"t"!ner therea(ter re.-e&te# the SSS (!r c!n'er&"!n !( h"& *ermanent *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t t! *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t%bene("t The SSS #en"e# the re.-e&t On a**ea$, the ECC a(("rme# the #ec"&"!n!( the SSS h!$#"n/ that *et"t"!ner ha& a$rea#% a'a"$e# !( the ma"m-m bene("t& t!h"ch he "& ent"t$e# !n acc!-nt !( h"& !&te!arthr"t"& The C!-rt !( A**ea$&$"0e"&e #"&m"&&e# *et"t"!ner


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6. GATUS V SSS

FACTS:5at-& !r0e# at the Centra$ A3-carera #e Tar$ac be/"nn"n/ !n Gan-ar% 1, 1978e a& a c!'ere# member !( the SSS e !*t"!na$$% ret"re# (r!m Centra$

A3-carera #e Tar$ac -*!n reach"n/ %ear& !( &er'"ce !n Gan-ar% 1, 88, atthe a/e !( 68 %ear&B% the t"me !( h"& ret"rement, he he$# the *!&"t"!n !( Ten#er a&&"/ne# at the "&t"$$er% C!!$"n/ T!er

S!met"me "n 199, he a& #"a/n!&e# t! be &-((er"n/ (r!m C!r!nar% Arter%"&ea&e @CA: Tr"*$e Ve&&e$ an# n&tab$e An/"na "& me#"ca$ rec!r#& &h!e#h"m t! be h%*erten&"'e (!r 1 %ear& an# a &m!0er

On acc!-nt !( h"& CA, he a& /"'en b% the SSS the (!$$!"n/ EC?SSS)ermanent )art"a$ "&ab"$"t% @)) bene("t&: @a 2 m!nth$% *en&"!n& e((ect"'eSe*tember 1, 1994 an# @b 4 m!nth$% *en&"!n& e((ect"'e Gan-ar% , 1997 e

became an SSS ret"rement *en&"!ner !n Febr-ar% 1, 88

S!met"me "n 8, an SSS a-#"t re'ea$e# the nee# t! rec!'er the EC bene("t&a$rea#% *a"# t! h"m !n the /r!-n# that h"& CA, be"n/ attr"b-te# t! h"& chr!n"c&m!0"n/, a& n!t !r0>re$ate# e a& n!t"("e# there!( thr!-/h a $etter #ate#G-$% 1, 8

C!n'"nce# that he a& ent"t$e# t! the bene("t&, he a&&a"$e# the #ec"&"!n b-t theSSS ma"nta"ne# "t& *!&"t"!n The SSS a$&! #en"e# h"& m!t"!n (!r rec!n&"#erat"!n

5at-& then e$e'ate# the ca&e t! the Em*$!%er& C!m*en&at"!n C!mm"&&"!n,h"ch he$# that a$th!-/h h"& CA a& a car#"!'a&c-$ar #"&ea&e $"&te# a& an!cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e -n#er Anne A !( the Im*$ement"n/ R-$e& !n Em*$!%ee&C!m*en&at"!n, n!th"n/ !n rec!r# e&tab$"&he# the *re&ence !( the .-a$"(%"n/c"rc-m&tance& (!r re&*!n&"b"$"t%H that "t a& "nc-mbent -*!n h"m t! *r!'e that thenat-re !( h"& *re'"!-& em*$!%ment an# the c!n#"t"!n& *re'a"$"n/ there"n ha#"ncrea&e# the r"&0 !( c!ntract"n/ h"& CAH an# that he ha# (a"$e# t! *r!'e th"&re.-"&"te

The C!-rt !( A**ea$& a$&! a/ree# "th the Em*$!%ee& C!m*en&at"!nC!mm"&&"!n #e&*"te *et"t"!ner 5at-&& a$$e/at"!n that h"& a"$ment a& ca-&e# b%h"& e*!&-re t! harm(-$ (-e$ an# &m!0e em"&&"!n& #-e t! the *re&ence !( methane /a& (r!m a nearb% b"!$!/"ca$ a&te a& e$$ a& a ra"$a% term"na$ here#"e&e$>(e# $!c!m!t"'e en/"ne& &*ee# b$ac0 &m!0e Th"& a$$e/at"!n, acc!r#"n/ t!the ("n#"n/&, a& n!t bac0e# -* b% an% &c"ent"("c an# (act-a$ e'"#ence

ISSUE: ;hether the C!-rt !( A**ea$& c!mm"tte# /ra'e ab-&e !( #"&cret"!n "n a(("rm"n/the ("n#"n/ !( the ECC that *et"t"!ner& a"$ment "& n!t c!m*en&ab$e -n#er )re&"#ent"a$ ecree +! 686, a& amen#e#


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HELD: The *et"t"!n "& -nmer"t!r"!-&

LABOR LA; > S!c"a$ Sec-r"t% S%&tem Bene("t&

A& (!-n# b% the C!-rt !( A**ea$&, *et"t"!ner (a"$e# t! &-bm"t &-b&tant"a$ e'"#encethat m"/ht ha'e &h!n that he a& ent"t$e# t! the bene("t& he ha# a**$"e# (!r TheS-*reme C!-rt a(("rme# the ("n#"n/& !( the CA that acc!r#"n/ t! Sect"!n 1, R-$eIII !( the Amen#e# R-$e& !n Em*$!%ee& C!m*en&at"!n, a /r!-n# (!r c!m*en&ab"$"t% "& that (!r the &"c0ne&& an# the re&-$t"n/ #"&ab"$"t% !r #eath bec!m*en&ab$e, the &"c0ne&& m-&t be the re&-$t !( an !cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e $"&te#-n#er Anne DAD !( the &a"# r-$e& "th the c!n#"t"!n& &et there"n &at"&("e#Other"&e, *r!!( m-&t be &h!n that the r"&0 !( c!ntract"n/ the #"&ea&e "&"ncrea&e# b% the !r0"n/ c!n#"t"!n&

M!re!'er, acc!r#"n/ t! the Anne DAD !( the Amen#e# R-$e&, (!r an !cc-*at"!na$

#"&ea&e an# the re&-$t"n/ #"&ab"$"t% !r #eath t! be c!m*en&ab$e, a$$ !( the(!$$!"n/ c!n#"t"!n& m-&t be &at"&("e#:

1 The em*$!%ee& !r0 m-&t "n'!$'e the r"&0& #e&cr"be# here"nH

8 The #"&ea&e a& c!ntracte# a& a re&-$t !( the em*$!%ee& e*!&-re t! the#e&cr"be# r"&0&H

The #"&ea&e a& c!ntracte# "th"n a *er"!# !( e*!&-re an# -n#er &-ch !ther (act!r& nece&&ar% t! c!ntract "tH

4 There a& n! n!t!r"!-& ne/$"/ence !n the *art !( the em*$!%ee

Car#"!'a&c-$ar #"&ea&e& are c!n&"#ere# a& !cc-*at"!na$ hen c!ntracte# -n#er an% !( the (!$$!"n/ c!n#"t"!n&:

@a I( the heart #"&ea&e a& 0n!n t! ha'e been *re&ent #-r"n/ em*$!%mentthere m-&t be *r!!( that an ac-te eacerbat"!n c$ear$% *rec"*"tate# b% the-n-&-a$ &tra"n b% rea&!n !( the nat-re !( h"& !r0

@b The &tra"n !( !r0 that br"n/& ab!-t an ac-te attac0 m-&t be !( &-(("c"ent&e'er"t% an# m-&t be (!$$!e# "th"n tent%>(!-r @84 h!-r& b% the c$"n"ca$ &"/n&!( a car#"ac "n&-$t t! c!n&t"t-te ca-&a$ re$at"!n&h"*

@c I( a *er&!n h! a& a**arent$% a&%m*t!mat"c be(!re &-bect"n/ h"m&e$( t!&tra"n at !r0 &h!e# &"/n& an# &%m*t!m& !( car#"ac "n-r% #-r"n/ the*er(!rmance !( h"& !r0 an# &-ch &%m*t!m& an# &"/n& *er&"&te#, "t "&rea&!nab$e t! c$a"m a ca-&a$ re$at"!n&h"*

The *et"t"!ner (a"$e# t! &-bm"t &-b&tant"a$ e'"#ence that m"/ht ha'e &h!n that


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he a& ent"t$e# t! the bene("t& he a**$"e# (!r The .-ant-m !( *r!!( nee#e# "nth"& ca&e "& &-b&tant"a$ e'"#ence, h"ch mean& &-ch re$e'ant e'"#ence a& area&!nab$e m"n# m"/ht acce*t a& a#e.-ate t! &-**!rt a c!nc$-&"!n 5at-& #"#n!t #"&char/e the b-r#en !( *r!!( "m*!&e# -n#er the Lab!r C!#e t! &h! thath"& a"$ment a& !r0>re$ate# ;h"$e he m"/ht ha'e been e*!&e# t! 'ar"!-&

&m!0e em"&&"!n& at !r0 (!r %ear&, he #"# n!t &-bm"t &at"&(act!r% e'"#ence*r!'"n/ that the e*!&-re ha# c!ntr"b-te# t! the #e'e$!*ment !( h"& #"&ea&e !r ha# "ncrea&e# the r"&0 !( c!ntract"n/ the "$$ne&& +e"ther #"# he &h! that the#"&ea&e ha# *r!/re&&e# #-e t! c!n#"t"!n& "n h"& !b a& a (act!r% !r0er In (act,he #"# n!t *re&ent an% *h%&"c"an& re*!rt "n !r#er t! &-b&tant"ate h"& a$$e/at"!nthat the !r0"n/ c!n#"t"!n& ha# "ncrea&e# the r"&0 !( ac.-"r"n/ the car#"!'a&c-$ar #"&ea&e


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7. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES V MARIANO

FACTS:Re&*!n#ent )e#r! Mar"an! ha# been !r0"n/ (!r L5) )r"nt"n/ )re&& (!r 11%ear& Am!n/ the !b& he han#$e# are: mach"ne !*erat!r, *a*er c-tter m!n!t%*e

c!m*!&er, ("$m c!m*!&er, ("$m #e'e$!*er, an# &-*er'"&!r !( the *r"nt"n/ *re&&S!met"me "n Febr-ar% 1994, Mar"an! abr-*t$% en#e# &er'"ce& #-e t! h"& hearta"$ment @E&&ent"a$ %*erten&"!n Mar"an! ("$e# a c$a"m (!r em*$!%ee


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!r0"n/ c!n#"t"!n $ar/e$% $e# t! the *r!/re&&"!n !( the a"$ment beca-&e h"&(-nct"!n& enta"$e# c!n&tant e*!&-re t! ha3ar#!-& !r t!"c chem"ca$& &-ch a&carb!n #"&-$(ate, carb!n m!n!"#e, !r man/ane&e ;here "t a& e&tab$"&he#that the c$a"mant


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8. MAGSASA MARITIME V LOBUSTA

MA5SA=SA= MARITIME COR)ORATIO+ an#?!r ;ASTFEL>LARSE+MA+A5EME+T A?S, )et"t"!ner&, ' OBERTO S LOBSTA, Re&*!n#ent

VILLARAMA, GR, G:

FACTS:

Re&*!n#ent Obert! S L!b-&ta "& a &eaman h! ha& !r0e# (!r Ma/&a%&a%Mar"t"me C!r*!rat"!n &"nce 1994 In March 1992, he a& h"re# a/a"n a& Ab$eSeaman b% Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me C!r*!rat"!n L!b-&ta b!ar#e# MV DF!&&an/erD!n March 16, 1992 A(ter t! m!nth&, he c!m*$a"ne# !( breath"n/ #"(("c-$t% an#bac0 *a"n

On Ma% 18, 1992, h"$e the 'e&&e$ a& "n S"n/a*!re, L!b-&ta a& a#m"tte# at

5$enea/$e& Mar"t"me Me#"ca$ Center an# a& #"a/n!&e# t! be &-((er"n/ (r!m&e'ere ac-te br!nch"a$ a&thma "th &ec!n#ar% "n(ect"!n an# $-mb!&acra$ m-&c$e&tra"n r C K Lee cert"("e# that L!b-&ta a& ("t (!r #"&char/e !n Ma% 81, 1992,(!r re*atr"at"!n (!r (-rther treatment

*!n re*atr"at"!n, L!b-&ta a& re(erre# t! Metr!*!$"tan !&*"ta$ The me#"ca$c!!r#"nat!r, r R!bert L"m, "&&-e# n-mer!-& me#"ca$ re*!rt& re/ar#"n/L!b-&ta& c!n#"t"!n *!n reeam"nat"!n b% the Orth!*e#"c S-r/e!n !n A-/-&t11, 1992, he !*"ne# that L!b-&ta nee#& &-r/er%, ca$$e# #ec!m*re&&"!n$am"nect!m%, h"ch a& #!ne !n A-/-&t , 1992

A& the *art"e& (a"$e# t! reach a &ett$ement a& t! the am!-nt t! h"ch L!b-&ta "&ent"t$e#, L!b-&ta ("$e# !n Oct!ber 8, 8, a c!m*$a"nt (!r #"&ab"$"t%?me#"ca$bene("t& a/a"n&t *et"t"!ner& be(!re the +at"!na$ Lab!r Re$at"!n& C!mm"&&"!n@+LRC

The Lab!r Arb"ter ren#ere# a #ec"&"!n !r#er"n/ *et"t"!ner& t! *a% L!b-&ta @aS8,6 a& me#"ca$ a$$!ance, @b S8,14 a& #"&ab"$"t% bene("t&, an# @c !( the aar#& a& att!rne%& (ee& On a**ea$, the +LRC a(("rme# the LA #ec"&"!nn&at"&("e#, L!b-&ta br!-/ht the ca&e t! the CA The CA /rante# the *et"t"!n (!r cert"!rar" !( L!b-&ta an# m!#"("e# the ("n#"n/& !( the +LRC A& a(!re&a"#, the CA#ec$are# that L!b-&ta "& &-((er"n/ (r!m *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% an# "ncrea&e#the aar# !( #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& "n h"& (a'!r t! S6, ence, th"& *et"t"!n

)et"t"!ner& ar/-e that the CA erre# "n a**$%"n/ the *r!'"&"!n& !( the Lab!r C!#e"n&tea# !( the *r!'"&"!n& !( the )OEA c!ntract "n #eterm"n"n/ L!b-&ta& #"&ab"$"t%,an# "n r-$"n/ that the mere $a*&e !( 18 #a%& ent"t$e& L!b-&ta t! t!ta$ an#*ermanent #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& The CA a$$e/e#$% erre# a$&! "n h!$#"n/ them $"ab$e(!r att!rne%& (ee&, #e&*"te the ab&ence !( $e/a$ an# (act-a$ ba&e&


12/71

ISSUE: Whether or not the CA erred in in applying the provisions of the Labor Codeinstead of the provisions of the POEA contract in determining Lobustas disability,and in ruling that the mere lapse of 12 days entitles Lobusta to total and

permanent disability benefits!

HELD:+! CA ec"&"!n A(("rme#

Lab!r LaStan#ar# term& !( the )OEA Stan#ar# Em*$!%ment C!ntract a/ree# -*!n are"nten#e# t! be rea# an# -n#er&t!!# "n acc!r#ance "th )h"$"**"ne $a&,*art"c-$ar$%, Art"c$e& 191 t! 19 !( the Lab!r C!#e, a& amen#e#, an# thea**$"cab$e "m*$ement"n/ r-$e& an# re/-$at"!n& "n ca&e !( an% #"&*-te, c$a"m !r /r"e'ance

)et"t"!ner& are m"&ta0en that "t "& !n$% the )OEA Stan#ar# Em*$!%ment C!ntractthat m-&t be c!n&"#ere# "n #eterm"n"n/ L!b-&ta& #"&ab"$"t% In )a$"&!c ' Ea&a%&Mar"ne, Inc, e &a"# that hether the Lab!r C!#e& *r!'"&"!n !n *ermanent t!ta$#"&ab"$"t% a**$"e& t! &ea(arer& "& a$rea#% a &ett$e# matter

In )a$"&!c, e c"te# the ear$"er ca&e !( Rem"/"! ' +at"!na$ Lab!r Re$at"!n&C!mm"&&"!n here e &a"# @1 that the &tan#ar# em*$!%ment c!ntract (!r &ea(arer& a& (!rm-$ate# b% the )OEA *-r&-ant t! "t& man#ate -n#er Eec-t"'eOr#er +! 847 Dt! &ec-re the be&t term& an# c!n#"t"!n& !( em*$!%ment !( F"$"*"n!c!ntract !r0er& an# en&-re c!m*$"ance there"th,D an# Dt! *r!m!te an# *r!tectthe e$$>be"n/ !( F"$"*"n! !r0er& !'er&ea&DH @8 that Sect"!n 89 !( the 1996)OEA Stan#ar# Em*$!%ment C!ntract "t&e$( *r!'"#e& that a$$ r"/ht& an#!b$"/at"!n& !( the *art"e& t! the c!ntract, "nc$-#"n/ the annee& there!(, &ha$$ be/!'erne# b% the $a& !( the Re*-b$"c !( the )h"$"**"ne&, "nternat"!na$c!n'ent"!n&, treat"e& an# c!'enant& here the )h"$"**"ne& "& a &"/nat!r%H an# @that e'en "th!-t th"& *r!'"&"!n, a c!ntract !( $ab!r "& &! "m*re&&e# "th *-b$"c"ntere&t that the C"'"$ C!#e e*re&&$% &-bect& "t t! the &*ec"a$ $a& !n $ab!r -n"!n&, c!$$ect"'e bar/a"n"n/, &tr"0e& an# $!c0!-t&, c$!&e# &h!*, a/e&, !r0"n/c!n#"t"!n&, h!-r& !( $ab!r an# &"m"$ar &-bect&

Tem*!rar% t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% !n$% bec!me& *ermanent hen &! #ec$are# b% thec!m*an% *h%&"c"an "th"n the *er"!#& he "& a$$!e# t! #! &!, !r -*!n thee*"rat"!n !( the ma"m-m 84>#a% me#"ca$ treatment *er"!# "th!-t a#ec$arat"!n !( e"ther ("tne&& t! !r0 !r the e"&tence !( a *ermanent #"&ab"$"t%

T! be &-re, there "& !ne Lab!r C!#e c!nce*t !( *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t%, a&&tate# "n Art"c$e 198@c@1 !( the Lab!r C!#e, a& amen#e#, an# the ECC R-$e&;e a$&! n!te that the ("r&t *ara/ra*h !( Sect"!n 8@B@ !( the 8 )OEAStan#ar# Em*$!%ment C!ntract a& $"(te# 'erbat"m (r!m the ("r&t *ara/ra*h !( Sect"!n 8@B@ !( the 1996 )OEA Stan#ar# Em*$!%ment C!ntract, t! "t:


13/71

*!n &"/n>!(( (r!m the 'e&&e$ (!r me#"ca$ treatment, the &ea(arer "& ent"t$e# t!&"c0ne&& a$$!ance e.-"'a$ent t! h"& ba&"c a/e -nt"$ he "& #ec$are# ("t t! !r0 !r the #e/ree !( *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% ha& been a&&e&&e# b% the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an, b-t "n n! ca&e &ha$$ th"& *er"!# ecee# !ne h-n#re# tent%

@18 #a%&

A**$%"n/ the (!re/!"n/ c!n&"#erat"!n&, e a/ree "th the CA that L!b-&ta&-((ere# *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% On th"& *!"nt, the +LRC r-$"n/ a& n!t "nacc!r# "th $a an# -r"&*r-#ence

*!n re*atr"at"!n, L!b-&ta a& ("r&t eam"ne# b% the )-$m!n!$!/"&t an#Orth!*e#"c S-r/e!n !n Ma% 88, 1992 The ma"m-m 84>#a% @2>m!nthme#"ca$>treatment *er"!# e*"re#, b-t n! #ec$arat"!n a& ma#e that L!b-&ta "& ("tt! !r0 +!r a& there a #ec$arat"!n !( the e"&tence !( L!b-&ta& *ermanent#"&ab"$"t% On Febr-ar% 16, 1999, L!b-&ta a& &t"$$ *re&cr"be# me#"cat"!n& (!r h"&

$-mb!&acra$ *a"n an# a& a#'"&e# t! ret-rn (!r ree'a$-at"!n Ma% 88, 1992 t!Febr-ar% 16, 1999 "& 864 #a%& !r 6 #a%& &h!rt !( 9 m!nth&

In (act, the CA ha& (!-n# that L!b-&ta a& n!t ab$e t! !r0 a/a"n a& a &eamanan# that h"& #"&ab"$"t% "& *ermanent Da& he ha& been -nab$e t! !r0 &"nce 14 Ma%1992 t! the *re&ent !r (!r m!re than 18 #a%&D Th"& *er"!# "& m!re than e"/ht%ear&, c!-nte# -nt"$ the CA #ec"#e# the ca&e "n A-/-&t 86 On the CA r-$"n/that L!b-&ta& #"&ab"$"t% "& *ermanent &"nce he a& -nab$e t! !r0 D(!r m!re than18 #a%&,D e ha'e c$ar"("e# "n Ver/ara that th"& Dtem*!rar% t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% *er"!#ma% be eten#e# -* t! a ma"m-m !( 84 #a%&D

Th-&, e a(("rm the aar# t! L!b-&ta !( S6, a& *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t%bene("t&, the ma"m-m aar# -n#er Sect"!n an# >A !( the 1996 )OEAStan#ar# Em*$!%ment C!ntract ;e a$&! a(("rm the aar# !( S8,6 a&&"c0ne&& a$$!ance h"ch "& n!t c!nte&te# an# a**ear& t! ha'e been acce*te#b% the *art"e&

E+IE


14/71

9 Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me ' Ben/&!n

FACTS:S!met"me "n the %ear 87, G-an"t! Ben/&!n b!ar#e# the 'e&&e$ M?V K+Tra#erN a& th"r# mate a(ter &"/n"n/ a n"ne>m!nth c!ntract "th Ma/&a%&a%

Mar"t"me C!r* a'"n/ *a&&e# the re.-"&"te *re>em*$!%ment me#"ca$eam"nat"!n, he a& cert"("e# b% the c!m*an% *h%&"c"an ("t (!r &ea #-t%

;h"$e !n #-t% !n b!ar# the &a"$"n/ 'e&&e$, h!e'er, Ben/&!n &-##en$%e*er"ence# n-mbne&& that ren#ere# h"m "nca*ab$e !( #!"n/ h"& ta&0& Onanch!ra/e "n a (!re"/n c!-ntr% t! #a%& $ater, he a& r-&he# t! the neare&th!&*"ta$ (!r c!n("nement A CT &can !( h"& hea# re'ea$e# hemat!ma "n the bra"n

The mann"n/ a/enc% ha# n! a$ternat"'e b-t re*atr"ate h"m t! Man"$a "th thea&&"&tance a c!m*an% re*re&entat"'e On arr"'a$ "n Man"$a !n Oct 81, 87, hea& "mme#"ate$% br!-/ht t! the Man"$a !ct!r& !&*"ta$, here he &ta%e# (!r 11

#a%& -nt"$ #"&char/e# !n +!' 1, 87

"& h!&*"ta$ c!n("nement, h!e'er, (a"$e# t! re&t!re h"& hea$th An# &! he a**$"e#(!r *ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& n(!rt-nate$%, h"& re.-e&t (e$$ !n #ea( ear& !( a/enc% !(("c"a$&

Le(t "th n! ch!"ce b-t a'a"$ h"m&e$( !( the $e/a$ &er'"ce& !( the Free Le/a$ A&&"&tance (!r Sea(arer& @FLAS hea#e# b% Att% )ete L"n&an/an, he ("$e# a ca&e"n c!-rt (!r rec!'er% !( the c$a"me# bene("t&

The re&*!n#ent a##-ce# that Ben/&!nB !( the )OEA &tan#ar# em*$!%ment c!ntract c$ear$% h!$#& theem*$!%er $"ab$e t! the &ea(arer (!r "$$ne&&?"n-r"e& &-((ere# #-r"n/ the *er"!# !( the$atter


15/71

1!.LIBANG V INDOCHINA SHIP MANAGEMENT

FACTS:On G-ne 87, 88, )et"t"!ner )e#r! L"ban/ entere# "nt! a 9>m!nth em*$!%mentc!ntract "th here"n re&*!n#ent ISMI an# "n beha$( !( "t& (!re"/n &h"**"n/

c!m*an%, Mae&t"c L"ban/ a& en/a/e# a& a C!!0 1 (!r the 'e&&e$ M?V Ba$t"mar Or"!n

;h"$e L"ban/ a& !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$, he e*er"ence# n-mbne&& !n the $e(t &"#e!( h"& (ace, #"(("c-$t% "n hear"n/ (r!m h"& $e(t ear, b$-rre# '"&"!n !( h"& $e(t e%e an#&*eech *r!b$em

Th-&, !n March 1, 8, L"ban/ !bta"ne# me#"ca$ attent"!n an# a& $ater a#m"tte# (!r three #a%& "n a h!&*"ta$ "n !m"n"can Re*-b$"c, here he a& (!-n#t! be &-((er"n/ (r!m h"/h b$!!#

L"ban/ a& e'ent-a$$% re*atr"ate# t! the )h"$"**"ne& here"n he -n#erenttreatment an# a& -n#er the care !( a car#"!$!/"&t, ne-r!$!/"&t an# an"ntern"&t?en#!cr"n!$!/"&t The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an, r R!bert! L"m"&&-e# a me#"ca$ cert"("cate &tat"n/ that L"ban/ -n#erent me#"ca$?&-r/"ca$e'a$-at"!n an# treatment #-e t! h%*erten&"!n, #"abete& me$$"t-& t%*e 8 an#&tr!0e

r L"m &-b&e.-ent$% "&&-e# -n#er a me#"ca$ cert"("cate a$$e/"n/ that L"ban/#en"e# ha'"n/ h"/h b$!!# *re&&-re #-r"n/ the *re>em*$!%ment me#"ca$eam"nat"!n b-t re'ea$e# that he a& a$rea#% h"/h b$!!# an# a& ta0"n/me#"cat"!n -*!n h"& eam"nat"!n a(ter h"& re*atr"at"!n

Th"& *r!m*te# L"ban/ t! &ee0 the me#"ca$ a&&e&&ment !( !ne r V"ca$#! (r!mthe )h"$"**"ne eart Center r V"ca$#! n!te# "n h"& a&&e&&ment that L"ban/#e&"/nate *h%&"c"an t! c$a&&"(% h"& me#"ca$ c!n#"t"!n

HELD:=ES, L"ban/ "& ent"t$e# t! rece"'e# #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& Sec 8@b !( the )OEASEC *r!'"#e&:

"! CO#PE$%A&'O$ A$( "E$E)'&% )O* '$+*- O* 'LL$E%%&he liabilities of the employer .hen the seafarer suffers .or/0related inury or illness during the term of his contract are as follo.s


16/71

pon sign0off from the vessel for medical treatment, the seafarer isentitled to sic/ness allo.ance e3uivalent to his basic .age until he isdeclared fit to .or/ or the degree of permanent disability has beenassessed by the company0designated physician but in no case shall this

period e4ceed one hundred t.enty 5126 days!

)or this purpose, the seafarer shall submit himself to a post0employment medical e4amination by a company0designated physician .ithin three.or/ing days upon his return e4cept .hen he is physically incapacitated to do so, in .hich case, a .ritten notice to the agency .ithin the same

period is deemed as compliance! )ailure of the seafarer to comply .iththe mandatory reporting re3uirement shall result in his forfeiture of theright to claim the above benefits!

'f a doctor appointed by the seafarer disagrees .ith the assessment, athird doctor may be agreed ointly bet.een the Employer and the seafarer!

&he third doctor7s decision shall be final and binding on both parties!

C$ear$%, there a& a breach b% r L"m !( h"& !b$"/at"!n a& the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an A$th!-/h L"ban/ re*eate#$% ar/-e# that r L"m (a"$e# t!/"'e an a&&e&&ment !( h"& "$$ne&&, here"n re&*!n#ent& an# r L"m (a"$e# t!e*$a"n an# -&t"(% &-ch (a"$-re

A& a/a"n&t an "nc!m*$ete e'a$-at"!n b% r L"m, the me#"ca$ cert"("cate "&&-e# b%r V"ca$#! "nc$-#e# a #eterm"nat"!n !( the #"&ab"$"t% /ra#e that a**$"e# t!L"ban/


17/71

11. INTERORIENT MARITIME ENTERPRISES V CREER

FACTS:On A*r"$ 4, 81, InterOr"ent h"re# V"ct!r a& 5a$$e% B!% !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$ M?VM=RTO !ne# b% Ca$"#er! Sh"**"n/ C!m*an%, Lt# @Ca$"#er! (!r a *er"!# !(

n"ne m!nth&, h"ch ma% be eten#e# (!r three m!re m!nth& -*!n m-t-a$c!n&ent !( the *art"e& V"ct!r a& re.-"re# t! !r0 42 h!-r& a ee0, "th a ba&"cm!nth$% &a$ar% !( S8 an# S94 ("e# !'ert"me *a% *er m!nth

)r"!r t! embar0at"!n, V"ct!r ent thr!-/h the re.-"&"te )re>Em*$!%ment Me#"ca$Eam"nat"!n @)EME an# a& #ec$are# ("t (!r &ea #-t% On Ma% 18, 81, V"ct!r c!mmence# h"& em*$!%ment !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$ A& 8n# C!!0, V"ct!r a&ta&0e# t! /et *r!'"&"!n& (r!m the c!$# &t!ra/e h"ch "& 0e*t at "t& c!$#e&ttem*erat-re t! ma"nta"n (re&hne&& !( the (!!# &t!re# there"n e !-$# #! th"&e"ther "mme#"ate$% be(!re !r a(ter h"& e*!&-re t! "nten&e heat "n the /a$$e%

V"ct!r a$$e/e# that hen he a& ab!-t t! /et *r!'"&"!n& (r!m the c!$# &t!ra/e&!met"me "n +!'ember 81, he (e$t a &-##en *a"n "n h"& che&t that ra#"ate# t!h"& bac0 S"nce then, he e*er"ence# "nce&&ant c!-/h, na&a$ c!n/e&t"!n,#"(("c-$t% "n breath"n/, *h%&"ca$ ea0ne&&, ch"$$& an# etreme a**rehen&"!n

Acc!r#"n/ t! h"m, th"& c!n#"t"!n *er&"&te# -nt"$ the e*"rat"!n !( h"& c!ntract !nMa% 7, 88

On Ma% 9, 88, V"ct!r arr"'e# "n Man"$a The (!$$!"n/ #a%, he re*!rte# t! the!(("ce !( InterOr"ent an# "n(!rme# the c!m*an% ab!-t the *a"n he e*er"ence#h"$e he a& !n b!ar# V"ct!r a'erre# that InterOr"ent mere$% a#'"&e# h"m t!c!n&-$t a #!ct!r "th!-t /"'"n/ h"m an% #!ct!ra//ra'ate#

V"ct!r c!nten#e# that #-r"n/ the c!-r&e !( h"& treatment, he re/-$ar$% "n(!rme#InterOr"ent !( h"& &"c0ne&& !e'er, he a& ne"ther a**r"&e# !( h"& r"/ht& t! n!r *a"# &"c0ne&& a$$!ance am!-nt"n/ t! S94 a& man#ate# "n the )h"$"**"neO'er&ea& Em*$!%ment A/enc% @)OEA 8 Amen#e# Stan#ar# Term& an#C!n#"t"!n& !( Em*$!%ment C!ntract 5!'ern"n/ Sea(arer& @)OEA C!ntract An#a& h"& re.-e&t& (!r *a%ment !( the &a"# a$$!ance ere c!n&"&tent$% "/n!re#, he("$e# "th the Lab!r Arb"ter !n A-/-&t 82, 8 a C!m*$a"nt (!r *ermanent#"&ab"$"t% bene("t& (!r *-$m!nar% t-berc-$!&"&, me#"ca$ re"mb-r&ement, &"c0ne&&a$$!ance, c!m*en&at!r%, m!ra$ an# eem*$ar% #ama/e&, an# att!rne%


18/71

In "t& )!&"t"!n )a*er,16 InterOr"ent ne/ate# V"ct!r(at"/-e# a& a re&-$t !( the $!n/ h!-r& !( !r0 re.-"re# b% h"& #-t"e& an# that he a& e*!&e# t! #a"$% ra*"# 'ar"at"!n& "ntem*erat-re A&"#e (r!m *h%&"ca$ &tra"n, he a& a$&! &-becte# t! em!t"!na$&tre&& br!-/ht ab!-t b% the &e*arat"!n (r!m h"& (am"$% The CA c!nc$-#e# that"th h"& #a"$% e*!&-re t! the&e (act!r& h"ch c!-$# ea0en h"& "mm-ne &%&tem,"t a& n!t "m*!&&"b$e that he c!ntracte# t-berc-$!&"& #-r"n/ the c!-r&e !( h"&em*$!%ment

ISSUE:;hether !r n!t InterOr"ent can be he$# acc!-ntab$e (!r V"ct!r


19/71

F!r an "$$ne&& t! be c!m*en&ab$e, Sect"!n 8@B@689 !( the 8 Amen#e#Stan#ar# Term& an# C!n#"t"!n& 5!'ern"n/ the Em*$!%ment !( F"$"*"n! Sea(arer&!n B!ar# Ocean>5!"n/ Ve&&e$& @8 Amen#e# Stan#ar# Term& an#C!n#"t"!n&, #eeme# "nc!r*!rate# "n the )OEA C!ntract, re.-"re& the

c!nc-rrence !( t! e$ement&: ("r&t, that the "$$ne&& m-&t be !r0>re$ate#H an#&ec!n#, that the !r0>re$ate# "$$ne&& m-&t ha'e e"&te# #-r"n/ the term !( the&ea(arerre$ate# "$$ne&&N "& #e("ne# -n#er the 8 Amen#e# Stan#ar# Term& an#C!n#"t"!n a& an% &"c0ne&& re&-$t"n/ "n #"&ab"$"t% !r #eath #-e t! an !cc-*at"!na$#"&ea&e $"&te# -n#er Sect"!n 8>A !( the &a"#P c!ntract,P "th the c!n#"t"!n& &etthere"n &at"&("e#N There "& n! .-e&t"!n that )-$m!nar% T-berc-$!&"& "& $"&te# a&an !cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e -n#er Sect"!n 8>A !e'er, (!r the #"&ab"$"t% ca-&e#b% th"& !cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e t! be c!m*en&ab$e, the )OEA C!ntract *r!'"#e&c!n#"t"!n& that m-&t be &at"&("e#H

SECTIO+ 8>A OCC)ATIO+AL ISEASESF!r an !cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e an# the re&-$t"n/ #"&ab"$"t% !r #eath t!be c!m*en&ab$e, a$$ !( the (!$$!"n/ c!n#"t"!n& m-&t be &at"&("e#:1 The &ea(arer


20/71

12.DALUSONG V EAGLE CLARE SHIPPING

FACTS:)r"'ate re&*!n#ent& h"re# *et"t"!ner a& Ab$e Seaman !n b!ar# the"r 'e&&e$ MVMa$ene O&ter'!$# "th a ba&"c &a$ar% !( S2 *er m!nth The #-rat"!n !( the

c!ntract !( em*$!%ment a& (!r 8Q m!nth& )et"t"!ner b!ar#e# the 'e&&e$ !n 12+!'ember 89 On 1 ecember 89, h"$e *et"t"!ner a& #r"$$"n/ t! attach an!'erb!ar# &a(et% e.-"*ment !n the 'e&&e$, a &-##en &e$$ ca-&e# &!mem!'ement !(the 'e&&e$ A& a re&-$t, !ne !( the cre (e$$ #"rect$% !n *et"t"!ner,"n($"ct"n/ "n-r% !n *et"t"!ner#e&"/nate# #!ct!r, /a'e *et"t"!ner an "nter"m#"&ab"$"t% /ra#"n/ ba&e# !n the )h"$"**"ne O'er&ea& Em*$!%ment A#m"n"&trat"!n@)OEA &che#-$e !( #"&ab"$"t% !( D/ra#e 2 that "& m!#erate r"/"#"t% !r !ne th"r#$!&& !( m!t"!n !r $"(t"n/ *!er !( the tr-n0D*!n (-rther rehab"$"tat"!n, *et"t"!ner


21/71

e'a$-ate an# e"/h the mer"t& !( the me#"ca$ re*!rt& !( the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate##!ct!r an# the &ea(arer#e&"/nate# #!ct!r /a'e *et"t"!ner a ("na$ #"&ab"$"t% /ra#"n/ -n#er the)OEA &che#-$e !( #"&ab"$"t"e& !( D/ra#e 11 > c!m*$ete "mm!b"$"t% !( an an0$e !"nt"n n!rma$ *!&"t"!nD Th-&, be(!re the ma"m-m 84>#a% me#"ca$ treatment *er"!#e*"re#, *et"t"!ner a& "&&-e# a ("na$ #"&ab"$"t% /ra#e 11 h"ch "& mere$%e.-"'a$ent t! a *ermanent *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t%, &"nce -n#er Sect"!n 8 !( the )OEA>SEC, !n$% th!&e c$a&&"("e# -n#er /ra#e 1 are c!n&"#ere# t!ta$ an# *ermanent#"&ab"$"t% C$ear$%, *et"t"!ner "& !n$% ent"t$e# t! *ermanent *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t%c!m*en&at"!n, &"nce h"& c!n#"t"!n cann!t be c!n&"#ere# a& *ermanent t!ta$#"&ab"$"t%


22/71

1K-a ' Sac-*a%!

FACTS:)et"t"!ner&P R!bert K-a, En/r G-an"t! )a/ca$"a/an, Car!$"ne + K-a, C$e!(e )

A#"a!, Ma Tere&"ta + K-a an# Franc"&c! A$c!n"& are member& !( the B!ar# !(

"rect!r& an# the !(("cer& !( V"cmar e'e$!*ment C!r*!rat"!n, a #!me&t"cc!r*!rat"!n, Re&*!n#ent&P 5re/!r"! 5 Sac-*a%! an# Ma"m"n"an!)aner"! ere VICMAR em*$!%ee& &"nce 192 an# 199,P re&*ect"'e$%Sac-*a%! a& a (!reman h"$e )aner"! a& an a&&"&tant (!reman

A& re.-"re# b% $a, V"cmar, thr!-/h "t& !(("cer&, #e#-cte# the S!c"a$ Sec-r"t%S%&tem @SSS c!ntr"b-t"!n& !( re&*!n#ent&P (r!m the"r a/e& It a$&! #e#-cte#(!-r h-n#re# &"t% e"/ht *e&!& @)h*462 *er m!nth (r!m the a/e !( Sac-*a%! a&h"& m!nth$% am!rt"3at"!n (!r a ten th!-&an# *e&! @)h*1,$!an he !bta"ne# (r!m the SSS !n +!'ember 14, 88 The #e#-ct"!n&ererem"tte# b% V"cmar t! the SSS at ("r&t

S!met"me "n 8 an# 84, -n0n!n t! re&*!n#ent&P an# #e&*"te thec!nt"n-e# SSS #e#-ct"!n& (r!m the"r a/e&, V"cmar &t!**e# rem"tt"n/ the &amet! the SSS The -n>rem"tte# c!ntr"b-t"!n& (!r each re&*!n#entP reache# ("'eth!-&an# &e'en h-n#re# &"t% *e&!& @)h*,76 each F!r the am!rt"3at"!n&,a t!ta$ !( e$e'en th!-&an# t! h-n#re# th"rt% t! *e&!& @)h*11,88 a&#e#-cte# (r!m the a/e& !( Sac-*a%! a& (-$$ *a%ment (!r h"& $!an =et !n$% (!-r th!-&an# *e&!& @)h*4, a& rem"tte#

Meant"me, !n A-/-&t 7, 84 an# A-/-&t 9, 84 re&*ect"'e$%, Sac-*a%! an#)aner"! ere #"&m"&&e# (r!m em*$!%ment B!th ("$e# c!m*$a"nt& (!r "$$e/a$#"&m"&&a$

)aner"! a& therea(ter a(($"cte# "th Chr!n"c )er&"&tent A&thma !n Se*tember 82, 84 B-t hen he a**$"e# (!r &"c0ne&& bene("t& be(!re the SSS "n Oct!ber 84, the &ame a& #en"e# (!r the rea&!n that n! c!ntr"b-t"!n& !r *a%ment&ere ma#e (!r te$'e @18 m!nth& *r"!r t! the &eme&ter !( c!n("nementSac-*a%!, (!r h"& *art, ("$e# an!ther $!an a**$"cat"!n be(!re the SSS B-t th"&a&a$&! #en"e# !-tr"/ht (!r n!n*a%ment !( a *re'"!-& $!an h"ch &h!-$# ha'e been(-$$% *a"# "( n!t (!r the (a"$-re !( V"cmar t! rem"t the am!-nt& #-e t! the SSS

A//r"e'e# b% the r!n/(-$ act& !( V"cmar "n (a"$"n/ t! rem"t the am!-nt& #-e t!the SSS that ere #e#-cte# (r!m the"r a/e&, re&*!n#ent&P ("$e# c!m*$a"nt&be(!re the O(("ce !( the C"t% )r!&ec-t!r "n Ca/a%an #e Or! C"t% V"cmar thenrem"tte# t! SSS the c!ntr"b-t"!n& an# $!an *a%ment& !( re&*!n#ent&P &!met"metherea(ter +e'erthe$e&&, *r!bab$e ca-&e a& (!-n# an# three @ &e*arateIn(!rmat"!n& a$$ #ate# G-ne 6, 8 ere ("$e# a/a"n&t *et"t"!ner&P !(("cer& !( V"cmar (!r '"!$at"!n !( Sect"!n 88 @a "n re$at"!n t! Sect"!n 82 @e !( RA 2828!ther"&e 0n!n a& the S!c"a$ Sec-r"t% Act !( 1997 The ca&e& ere ("r&t ("$e#be(!re the M-n"c"*a$ Tr"a$ C!-rt "n C"t"e& b-t the&e ere #"&m"&&e# !-tr"/ht (!r


23/71

$ac0 !( -r""ct"!n

ISSUE:

HELD:

;e a(("rm the ("n#"n/ !( a *r"ma (ac"e ca&e !( *et"t"!ner&< (a"$-re t! rem"t the SSSc!ntr"b-t"!n& an# $!an am!rt"3at"!n !( re&*!n#ent& (!r a *er"!# !( a**r!"mate$%t! @8 %ear&, "n 8 an# 84 In Oct!ber 84, a(ter re&*!n#ent& ere&-cce&&"'e$% #"&m"&&e# (r!m em*$!%ment b% V"cmar "n A-/-&t 84, the%&e*arate$% ("$e# (!r SSS bene("t&, re$at"n/ t! &"c0ne&& an# *r!c-rement !( a $!an,h"ch ere b!th #en"e# !-tr"/ht (!r $ac0 !( c!ntr"b-t"!n& !r *a%ment& te$'em!nth& @18 *r"!r t! the &eme&ter !( c!n("nement an# (a"$-re t! *a% a *r"!r $!an

A(ter re&*!n#ent& ("$e# cr"m"na$ c!m*$a"nt& a/a"n&t *et"t"!ner&, the $atter thenrem"tte# the"r SSS a/e #e#-ct"!n& an# $!an *a%ment& t! the SSS

The (act-a$ m"$"e- !bta"n"n/ here"n #!e& n!t #en!te a &"m*$e #e$a% "n *a%ment

A/a"n, *et"t"!ner& "n"t"a$$% (a"$e# t! rem"t the SSS c!ntr"b-t"!n& an# *a%ment& !( re&*!n#ent& &-ch that re&*!n#ent& ere #en"e# bene("t& -n#er the SS Lah"ch the% ante# t! a'a"$ !( It a& !n$% -n#er threat !( cr"m"na$ $"ab"$"t% that*et"t"!ner& &-b&e.-ent$% rem"tte# hat the% ha# $!n/ #e#-cte# (r!m the a/e& !( re&*!n#ent&

SEC 88 Rem"ttance !( C!ntr"b-t"!n& ‐@a The c!ntr"b-t"!n "m*!&e# "n the*rece#"n/ &ect"!n &ha$$ be rem"tte# t! the SSS "th"n the ("r&t ten @1 #a%& !( each ca$en#ar m!nth (!$$!"n/ the m!nth (!r h"ch the% are a**$"cab$e !r "th"n&-cht"me a& the C!mm"&&"!n ma% *re&cr"be E'er% em*$!%er re.-"re# t! #e#-ctan# t! rem"t &-ch c!ntr"b-t"!n& &ha$$ be $"ab$e (!r the"r *a%ment an# "( an%

c!ntr"b-t"!n "& n!t *a"# t! the SSS a& here"n *re&cr"be#, he &ha$$ *a% be&"#e& thec!ntr"b-t"!n a *ena$t% there!n !( three *ercent @ *er m!nth (r!m the #ate thec!ntr"b-t"!n (a$$& #-e -nt"$ *a"# I( #eeme# e*e#"ent an# a#'"&ab$e b% theC!mm"&&"!n, the c!$$ect"!n an# rem"ttance !( c!ntr"b-t"!n& &ha$$ be ma#e

.-arter$% !r &em"‐ann-a$$% "n a#'ance, the c!ntr"b-t"!n& *a%ab$e b% theem*$!%ee& t! be a#'ance# b% the"r re&*ect"'e em*$!%er&: )r!'"#e#, That -*!n&e*arat"!n !( an em*$!%ee, an% c!ntr"b-t"!n &! *a"# "n a#'ance b-t n!t #-e &ha$$be cre#"te# !r re(-n#e# t! h"& em*$!%er


24/71

145SIS ' Ca*ac"te

FACTS:E$ma Ca*ac"te @E$ma a& an em*$!%ee "n the e*artment !( A/rar"an Re(!rm@AR Ea&tern Samar )r!'"nc"a$ O(("ce, B!r!n/an, Ea&tern Samar, h!

&-cce&&"'e$% he$# the (!$$!"n/ *!&"t"!n& beteen the *er"!#& !( +!'ember 2,1928 t! G-$% 1, 89: G-n"!r Stat"&t"c"an, B!!00ee*er, B!!00ee*er II, an# ("na$$%a& Acc!-ntant I

On Ma% 11, 89, #-e t! *er&"&tent c!-/h c!-*$e# "th ab#!m"na$ *a"n, E$maa& a#m"tte# at the Bethan% !&*"ta$ The *ath!$!/% eam"nat"!n &h!e# that&he a& &-((er"n/ (r!m A#en!carc"n!ma, m!#erate$% #"((erent"ate#, *r!bab$%ceca$ !r"/"n "th meta&ta&e& t! me&enter"c $%m*h n!#e an# &ee#"n/ !( the*er"t!nea$ &-r(aceN

On G-$% 16, 89, E$ma #"e# #-e t! Re&*"rat!r% Fa"$-re &ec!n#ar% t! Meta&tat"c

Cancer t! the $-n/&H B!e$ cancer "th e*at"c an# Intra*er"t!nea$ See#"n/ an#O'ar"an cancerN

On Ma% 1, 89, E$ma


25/71

;e a$&! #! n!t ("n# that E$mac!nnecte# A& eear$"er *!"nte# !-t, ent"t$ement t! #eath bene("t& #e*en#& !n hether theem*$!%ee


26/71

15.OSG S"#$ M%&%'()(&* v P(++(,%

FACTS:)e$$e3ar ("$e# a c!m*$a"nt (!r *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& an# #ama/e&

a/a"n&t OS5 beca-&e h"& r"/ht han# a& "n-re# a(ter "t a& &tr-c0 b% &!$"# "r!n*"*e h"$e he a& !n #-t% !nb!ar# the 'e&&e$ M?T e$*h"na!n *!n h"& ret-rn "nMan"$a, he a& treate# b% c!m*an% #e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an& h! /a'e )e$$e3ar a/ra#e 1 #"&ab"$"t% rat"n/ (!r $!&& !( /ra&*"n/ *!er (!r $ar/e !bect& beteen("n/er& an# *a$m !( !ne han# )e$$e3ar c!n&-$te# a *h%&"c"an !( h"& ch!"ce h!#"a/n!&e# h"m "th $!&& !( /ra&*"n/ *!er !( ("(th ("n/er, $!&& !( !**!&"t"!nbeteen ("n/er an# th-mb an# an0%$!&"& !( the th ("n/er an# cert"("e# that he a&*ermanent$% -n("t (!r an% &ea #-t%

)et"t"!ner


27/71

CAIt re"n&tate# LA


28/71

16.BANE- V SSS

FACTS:Ba%$!n, h-&ban# !( *et"t"!ner, a& em*$!%e# b% LS a& a $ab!rat!r% techn"c"anh"ch e*!&e# h"m t! 'ar"!-& chem"ca$& Ba%$!n a& #"a/n!&e# t! be &-((er"n/

(r!m S%&tem"c L-*-& Er%themat!&-&@SLE an# e'ent-a$$% #"e# ( SLE "th A-t!Imm-ne em!$%t"c Anem"a, SLE +e*hr"t"&, SLE Va&c-$"t"& an#Thr!mb!c%t!*en"a Sec!n#ar% t! SLE r enn"& T!rre& @r T!rre&, "&&-e# aMe#"ca$ Cert"("cate &tat"n/ that Ba%$!n Dh! a& c!n("ne# an# e*"re# "n Me#"ca$Center Man"$a (!r S%&tem"c L-*-& Er%themat!&-& ma% ha'e been *rec"*"tate# b%the chr!n"c e*!&-re t! chem"ca$& h"ch "& an !cc-*at"!na$ ha3ar# "n h"&*er(!rmance !( be"n/ a $ab!rat!r% techn"c"an )et"t"!ner ("$e# a c$a"m (!r #eathbene("t& -n#er the Em*$!%ee&< C!m*en&at"!n La be(!re the S!c"a$ Sec-r"t%S%&tem @SSS On 81 Se*tember 87, SSS #en"e# *et"t"!ner


29/71

17.ALPHA SHIP MANAGEMENT V CALO

FACTS:Ca$! a& h"re# b% *et"t"!ner& a& Ch"e( C!!0 !n b!ar# a 'e&&e$ -r"n/ theem*$!%ment c!ntract, Ca$! a& #"a/n!&e# "th &-&*ecte# an#?!r -reta$ ca$c-$-&

an# a& #ec$are# -n("t t! !r0 Ca$! a& re*atr"ate# !n Oct!ber 18, 84 an#-n#erent treatment b% the c!m*an% #e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an, r Cr-3, -nt"$Oct!ber 14, 8, !r (!r a c!nt"n-!-& *er"!# !( !'er !ne %ear !r (!r m!re thanthe &tat-t!r% 18#a% !r e'en 84#a% *er"!# -r"n/ &a"# treatment *er"!#, rCr-3 #"# n!t arr"'e at a #e("n"te a&&e&&ment !( re&*!n#ent


30/71

"nca*ac"tate# t! !r0 (!r m!re than 18 #a%&, !r e'en 84 #a%& h"ch "& thema"m-m a$$!ab$e *er"!# !( treatment *-r&-ant t! R-$e , Sect"!n 8 !( the

Amen#e# R-$e& !n Em*$!%ee


31/71

18.INC SHIP MANAGEMENT V MORALES

FACTS:C!m*$a"nant an# &ea(arer A$ean#er L M!ra#a& ("$e# a $ab!r c!m*$a"nant&ee0"n/ t! be *a"# h"& *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& a/a"n&t #e(en#ant& I+C

Sh"*mana/ement, Inc an# "t& *r"nc"*a$, #e(en#ant Inter!r"ent +a'"/at"!n, Lt#,an# the &h"* ca*ta"n

)re'"!-&$%, c!m*$a"nant a& em*$!%e# a& a "*er (!r the 'e&&e$ MV C!mman#er b% #e(en#ant I+C Sh"*mana/ement, Inc (!r "t& *r"nc"*a$, #e(en#ant Inter!r"ent+a'"/at"!n, Lt#, (!r a *er"!# !( 1 m!nth&, "th a ba&"c m!nth$% &a$ar% !( S6, *$-& bene("t& S!met"me a(ter, c!m*$a"nant c$a"me# that h"$e hea& #"&*!&"n/ !( the /arba/e "n the "nc"nerat!r r!!m !( the 'e&&e$, certa"nchem"ca$& &*$a&he# a$$ !'er h"& b!#% beca-&e !( an e*$!&"!n e a& &ent t!the B-rn& n"t !( the )r"nce !( ;a$e& !&*"ta$ !n the &ame #a% here"n he a&(!-n# t! ha'e &-((ere# #ee* b-rn& E'ent-a$$%, -*!n h"& !n re.-e&t,

c!m*$a"nantP a& &ent h!meN

On h"& arr"'a$, he a& a#m"tte# t! the St L-0e


32/71

F"r&t, rec!r#& bear !-t c"rc-m&tance& h"ch a$$ $ea# t! the rea&!nab$ec!nc$-&"!n that re&*!n#ent a& re&*!n&"b$e (!r the ($!!#"n/ an# b-rn"n/"nc"#ent&

In th"& ca&e, the LA an# +LRC /a'e cre#ence t! the c!rr!b!rat"n/ te&t"m!n"e& !(

the cremen *!"nt"n/ t! re&*!n#ent a& the *er&!n h! #e$"berate$% ca-&e# the($!!#"n/ "nc"#ent In *art"c-$ar, c!m*$a"nantP a& &een a$!ne "n the '"c"n"t% !( the*!rt &"#e &eache&t h"ch c!'er a& (!-n# t! ha'e been "ntent"!na$$% rem!'e#an# thereb% ca-&e# the ($!!#"n/ e a& a$&! &een #"&a**ear"n/ -* t! the b!"$er #ec0 -&t hen the b"$/e $e'e$ a$arm &!-n#e# "th *atche& !( ater $e(t !n the($!!r *$ate& an# !n the &ta"ra%& Re&*!n#ent ne"ther #en"e# n!r *r!((ere# an%e*$anat"!n !n the (!re/!"n/ c$a"m& e&*ec"a$$% hen a$$ !( h"& (e$$! en/"ne r!!m&ta((, ece*t h"m, re&*!n#e# t! the a$arm an# he$*e# *-m* !-t the ater "n theen/"ne r!!m A& t! the b-rn"n/, c!m*$a"nantP (a"$e# t! &-cce&&(-$$% c!ntr!'ert5"$e


33/71

;a$e& !&*"ta$ B-rn& S-r/er%, &h! that he &-((ere# (r!m #ee* b-rn areaN thata& #"&tr"b-te# !'er h"& $e(t -**er $"mb, r"/ht han#, $e(t ($an0 an# b!th th"/h& T!a&&ert that c!m*$a"nant


34/71

19n"te# )h"$ L"ne& ' S"b-/

FACTS:)et"t"!ner& n"te# )h"$"**"ne L"ne&, Inc an# !$$an# Amer"ca L"ne h"re# S"b-/ a&a&te han#$er !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$ MIS V!$en#am On A-/-&t , 8, S"b-/ (e$$

(r!m a $a##er h"$e c$ean"n/ the &"$! &en&!r at a /arba/e r!!m !( the V!$en#aman# "n-re# h"& 0nee e a& re*atr"ate# an# ha# anter"!r cr-c"ate $"/ament@ACL rec!n&tr-ct"!n &-r/er% at the Man"$a !ct!r& !&*"ta$ On Gan-ar% 19,86, he a& #ec$are# ("t t! ret-rn t! !r0 (r!m an !rth!*e#"c *!"nt !( '"e

S"b-/ &!-/ht reem*$!%ment, *a&&e# the *re>em*$!%ment me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n,an# a& re>h"re# b% *et"t"!ner& "n the &ame ca*ac"t% (!r the 'e&&e$ M?S R%n#amOn b!ar# R%n#am, S"b-/ met an!ther acc"#ent h"$e #r"'"n/ a (!r0$"(t an# "n-re#h"& r"/ht han# an# r"&t e a& re*atr"ate# e arr"'e# "n the )h"$"**"ne& !nGan-ar% 1, 87, an# ha# &-r/er% (!r h"& R%n#am "n-r% On Se*tember 7,87, the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# #!ct!r "&&-e# a me#"ca$ re*!rt that S"b-/ ha& a

*ermanent b-t "nc!m*$ete #"&ab"$"t% In an ema"$ #ate# Se*tember 82, 87, thec!m*an%>#e&"/nate# #!ct!r c$a&&"("e# S"b-/& #"&ab"$"t% (r!m h"& R%n#am "n-r%a& a /ra#e 1 #"&ab"$"t%

S"b-/ ("$e# t! c!m*$a"nt& (!r #"&ab"$"t% bene("t&, "$$ne&& a$$!ance, #ama/e& an#att!rne%& (ee& a/a"n&t *et"t"!ner&

In her ec"&"!n #ate# Ma% 14, 82, the Lab!r Arb"ter #"&m"&&e# the V!$en#amca&eThe +at"!na$ Lab!r Re$at"!n& C!mm"&&"!n @+LRC re'er&e# the Lab!r

Arb"ter& ec"&"!n On rec!n&"#erat"!n, the +LRC "&&-e# a ec"&"!n #ate# Ma%89, 89 h"ch &et a&"#e "t& ecember 2, 82 ec"&"!n an# re"n&tate# theLab!r Arb"ter& ec"&"!n Later, the +LRC #en"e# S"b-/& m!t"!n (!rrec!n&"#erat"!n "n "t& Re&!$-t"!n #ate# G-$% 1, 89 The CA &et a&"#e the+LRC ec"&"!n #ate# Ma% 89, 89 an# re"n&tate# the +LRC ec"&"!n #ate#ecember 2, 82 The CA r-$e# that S"b-/ a& -nab$e t! *er(!rm h"&c-&t!mar% !r0 (!r m!re than 18 #a%& !n acc!-nt !( h"& V!$en#am an#R%n#am "n-r"e& Th-&, he "& ent"t$e# t! *ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t (!rb!th "n-r"e&

ISSUES:;hether S"b-/ "& ent"t$e# t! *ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& (!r h"&V!$en#am an# R%n#am "n-r"e&J

HELD:A*(/ 0/ 0& /(v#( 0 *"( %( ( #& *"( $(*#*#0& $%/*+ )(/#*0/#0. (/+( *"%* S#9' # &0* (&*#*+( *0 $(/)%&(&* %& *0*%+ #%9#+#* 9(&(#* 0/"# V0+(&%) #&/. B* "( # (&*#*+( *0 $(/)%&(&* %& *0*%+ #%9#+#*9(&(#* 0/ "# R&%) #&/.

S"b-/ "& n!t ent"t$e# t! *ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t (!r h"& V!$en#am


35/71

"n-r% &"nce he became a$rea#% ("t t! !r0 a/a"n a& a &eaman e e'en a#m"tte#"n h"& *!&"t"!n *a*er that he a& #ec$are# ("t t! !r0 e a& a$&! #ec$are# ("t (!r&ea &er'"ce a(ter h"& *re>em*$!%ment me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n hen he &!-/htreem*$!%ment "th *et"t"!ner& The me#"ca$ cert"("cate #ec$ar"n/ S"b-/ ("t (!r &ea&er'"ce e'en bear& h"& &"/nat-re An# he a& ab$e t! !r0 a/a"n "n the &ame

ca*ac"t% a& a&te han#$er "n R%n#am

On th"& *!"nt, the Lab!r Arb"ter& r-$"n/ "& am*$% &-**!rte# b% &-b&tant"a$e'"#ence On the !ther han#, the CA erre# "n r-$"n/ that S"b-/ "& ent"t$e# t!*ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t (!r the "n-r% he &-((ere# at the V!$en#amThe (act& c$ear$% &h! that he "& n!t

A& re/ar#& h"& R%n#am "n-r%, e a/ree "th the CA that S"b-/ "& ent"t$e# t!*ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t am!-nt"n/ t! S6, )et"t"!ner&, theLab!r Arb"ter an# the +LRC erre# !n th"& *!"nt In M"$$an ' ;a$$em Mar"t"meSer'"ce&, Inc, e $"&te# the (!$$!"n/ c"rc-m&tance& hen a &eaman ma% be

a$$!e# t! *-r&-e an act"!n (!r *ermanent an# t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t&:

@a The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an (a"$e# t! "&&-e a #ec$arat"!n a& t! h"&("tne&& t! en/a/e "n &ea #-t% !r #"&ab"$"t% e'en a(ter the $a*&e !( the 18>#a%*er"!# an# there "& n! "n#"cat"!n that (-rther me#"ca$ treatment !-$# a##re&& h"&tem*!rar% t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t%, hence, -&t"(% an eten&"!n !( the *er"!# t! 84 #a%&H

@b 84 #a%& ha# $a*&e# "th!-t an% cert"("cat"!n "&&-e# b% the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"anH

@c The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an #ec$are# that he "& ("t (!r &ea #-t% "th"nthe 18>#a% !r 84>#a% *er"!#, a& the ca&e ma% be, b-t h"& *h%&"c"an !( ch!"cean# the #!ct!r ch!&en -n#er Sect"!n 8>B@ !( the )OEA>SEC are !( a c!ntrar%!*"n"!nH

@# The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an ac0n!$e#/e# that he "& *art"a$$%*ermanent$% #"&ab$e# b-t !ther #!ct!r& h! he c!n&-$te#, !n h"& !n an# !"nt$%"th h"& em*$!%er, be$"e'e# that h"& #"&ab"$"t% "& n!t !n$% *ermanent b-t t!ta$ a&e$$H

@e The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an rec!/n"3e# that he "& t!ta$$% an#*ermanent$% #"&ab$e# b-t there "& a #"&*-te !n the #"&ab"$"t% /ra#"n/H

@( The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an #eterm"ne# that h"& me#"ca$ c!n#"t"!n "&n!t c!m*en&ab$e !r !r0>re$ate# -n#er the )OEA>SEC b-t h"& #!ct!r>!(>ch!"cean# the th"r# #!ct!r &e$ecte# -n#er Sect"!n 8>B@ !( the )OEA>SEC (!-n#!ther"&e an# #ec$are# h"m -n("t t! !r0H

@/ The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an #ec$are# h"m t!ta$$% an# *ermanent$%#"&ab$e# b-t the em*$!%er re(-&e& t! *a% h"m the c!rre&*!n#"n/ bene("t&H an#


36/71

@h The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an #ec$are# h"m *art"a$$% an# *ermanent$%#"&ab$e# "th"n the 18>#a% !r 84>#a% *er"!# b-t he rema"n& "nca*ac"tate# t!*er(!rm h"& -&-a$ &ea #-t"e& a(ter the $a*&e !( &a"# *er"!#&

)ara/ra*h @b a**$"e& t! S"b-/& ca&e The c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# #!ct!r (a"$e# t!"&&-e a cert"("cat"!n "th a #e("n"te a&&e&&ment !( the #e/ree !( S"b-/& #"&ab"$"t%(!r h"& R%n#am "n-r% "th"n 84 #a%&

In th"& ca&e, S"b-/ a& re*atr"ate# an# arr"'e# "n the c!-ntr% !n Gan-ar% 1,87 a(ter h"& R%n#am "n-r% e ha# &-r/er% !n h"& "n-re# han# On Se*tember 7, 87, the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# #!ct!r "&&-e# a me#"ca$ re*!rt that S"b-/ ha&a *ermanent b-t "nc!m*$ete #"&ab"$"t% B-t th"& me#"ca$ re*!rt (a"$e# t! &tate the#e/ree !( S"b-/& #"&ab"$"t% On$% "n an ema"$ #ate# Se*tember 82, 87, c!*% !(h"ch a& attache# a& Anne !( *et"t"!ner& *!&"t"!n *a*er, a& S"b-/&#"&ab"$"t% (r!m h"& R%n#am "n-r% c$a&&"("e# a& a /ra#e 1 #"&ab"$"t% b% the

c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# #!ct!r B% that t"me, h!e'er, the 84>#a% eten#e# *er"!#hen the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# #!ct!r m-&t /"'e the #e("n"te a&&e&&ment !(S"b-/& #"&ab"$"t% ha# $a*&e# Fr!m Gan-ar% 1, 87 t! Se*tember 82, 87 "&86 #a%& ence, S"b-/& #"&ab"$"t% "& a$rea#% #eeme# *ermanent an# t!ta$

;e ren#er a ne -#/ment an# ORER *et"t"!ner& n"te# )h"$"**"ne L"ne&, Incan# !$$an# Amer"ca L"ne !"nt$% an# &e'era$$% t! *a% re&*!n#ent 5ener!&! ES"b-/ S66, !r "t& *e&! e.-"'a$ent at the t"me !( *a%ment

8Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me ' Ch"n

FACTS:Th!me Sh"* Mana/ement )te Lt#, act"n/ thr!-/h "t& a/ent *et"t"!ner Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me C!r*!rat"!n @Ma/&a%&a% h"re# re&*!n#ent O&car Ch"n,Gr t! !r0 (!r n"ne m!nth& a& ab$e &eaman !n b!ar# MV Star S"ran/er Ch"n a&t! rece"'e a ba&"c *a% !( S1 *er m!nth Ma/&a%&a% #e*$!%e# h"m !n G-$%8, 1996

On Oct!ber 88, 1996 Ch"n &-&ta"ne# "n-r"e& h"$e !r0"n/ !n h"& !b ab!ar# the'e&&e$ r S!$an !( ;"$m"n/t!n, +!rth Car!$"na, SA, eam"ne# h"m !n+!'ember 89, 1996 an# (!-n# h"m t! ha'e &-((ere# (r!m $-mb!&acra$ &tra"n #-et! hea'% $"(t"n/ !( *re&&-r"3e# mach"ne The #!ct!r /a'e h"m me#"cat"!n& an#a#'"&e# h"m t! &ee an !rth!*e#"&t an# a car#"!$!/"&t Ch"n a& re*atr"ate# !n+!'ember , 1996

On ret-rn t! the )h"$"**"ne&, Ch"n -n#erent a &-r/"ca$ *r!ce#-re ca$$e#$am"nect!m% an# #"&cect!m% L>4>L> A %ear a(ter the !*erat"!n, r R!bert L"m !( the Metr!*!$"tan !&*"ta$ #"a/n!&e# Ch"n t! ha'e a m!#erate r"/"#"t% !( h"& tract


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On A-/-&t 6, 1992 Ch"n ("$e# a c$a"m (!r #"&ab"$"t% "th )an#"man )h"$&, Inch"ch "& the $!ca$ a/ent !( ) I C$-b !( h"ch Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me "& a member)an#"man !((ere# S, a& #"&ab"$"t% c!m*en&at"!n h"ch Ch"nacce*te# !n A-/-&t 6, 1992 e then eec-te# a Re$ea&e an# U-"tc$a"m "n (a'!r

!( Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me

On Se*tember 89, 1992 Ch"n ("$e# a c!m*$a"nt "th the +at"!na$ Lab!r Re$at"!n&C!mm"&&"!n @+LRC, c$a"m"n/ -n#er*a%ment !( #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& an# att!rne%&(ee& e $ater amen#e# h"& c!m*$a"nt t! "nc$-#e c$a"m& (!r #ama/e&

The Lab!r Arb"ter #"&m"&&e# Ch"n& c!m*$a"nt (!r $ac0 !( mer"t The +LRCa(("rme# the #"&m"&&a$ !n Ma% 17, 81 On a**ea$, h!e'er, the C!-rt !(

A**ea$& @CA re'er&e# the #"&m"&&a$ an# r-$e# that Ch"n a& ent"t$e# t!*ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t !( S6, The CA reman#e# the ca&e t!the Lab!r Arb"ter (!r #eterm"nat"!n !( the !ther m!netar% c$a"m& !( Ch"n Th"&

*r!m*te# *et"t"!ner Ma/&a%&a% t! c!me be(!re th"& c!-rt !n a *et"t"!n (!r re'"e!n cert"!rar" The C!-rt #en"e# the *et"t"!n, h!e'er, "n a Re&!$-t"!n #ate#Se*tember 2, 8 Th"& Re&!$-t"!n became ("na$ an# eec-t!r% !n Febr-ar% 8,84

)et"t"!ner Ma/&a%&a% *a"# the #e("c"enc% aar# !( S, "n (-$$ an# ("na$&ett$ement !( Ch"n& #"&ab"$"t% c!m*en&at"!n c$a"m On Febr-ar% 86, 87,h!e'er, the Lab!r Arb"ter ren#ere# a ec"&"!n !r#er"n/ "t t! *a% Ch"n: a)19,8797 a& re"mb-r&ement (!r me#"ca$ e*en&e&H b S147,864 a& $!&&!( (-t-re a/e&H c )8, a& m!ra$ #ama/e&H # )7, a& eem*$ar%#ama/e&H an# e 1 !( the t!ta$ aar# a& att!rne%& (ee&

The +LRC m!#"("e# the Lab!r Arb"ter& ec"&"!n b% #e$et"n/ the aar#& !( $!&& !( (-t-re a/e& an# m!ra$ an# eem*$ar% #ama/e& (!r $ac0 !( (act-a$ an# $e/a$ba&e& On a**ea$, the CA re'er&e# the +LRC& ec"&"!n an# !r#ere# there"n&tatement !( the Lab!r Arb"ter& ec"&"!n, hence, th"& *et"t"!n

ISSUE:;hether !r n!t the CA erre# "n a(("rm"n/ the Lab!r Arb"ter& aar# !( $!&& !( (-t-reearn"n/& !n t!* !( h"& #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& a& e$$ a& aar#& !( m!ra$ an#eem*$ar% #ama/e& an# att!rne%& (ee&

HELD:e("n"te$%, the Lab!r Arb"ter& aar# !( $!&& !( earn"n/ "& -narrante# &"nce Ch"nha# a$rea#% been /"'en #"&ab"$"t% c!m*en&at"!n (!r $!&& !( earn"n/ ca*ac"t% Ana##"t"!na$ aar# (!r $!&& !( earn"n/& "$$ re&-$t "n #!-b$e rec!'er%

LABOR LA;: *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t%H $!&& !( earn"n/ ca*ac"t%In a catena !( ca&e&, the C!-rt ha& c!n&"&tent$% r-$e# that #"&ab"$"t% &h!-$# n!t be-n#er&t!!# m!re !n "t& me#"ca$ &"/n"("cance b-t !n the $!&& !( earn"n/ ca*ac"t%


38/71

)ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t% mean& #"&ab$ement !( an em*$!%ee t! earn a/e& "nthe &ame 0"n# !( !r0, !r !r0 !( &"m"$ar nat-re that he a& tra"ne# (!r !r acc-&t!me# t! *er(!rm, !r an% 0"n# !( !r0 h"ch a *er&!n !( h"& menta$"t% an#atta"nment c!-$# #! "&ab"$"t%, there(!re, "& n!t &%n!n%m!-& "th &"c0ne&& !r "$$ne&& ;hat "& c!m*en&ate# "& !ne& "nca*ac"t% t! !r0 re&-$t"n/ "n the

"m*a"rment !( h"& earn"n/ ca*ac"t%

M!re!'er, the aar# (!r $!&& !( earn"n/ $ac0& ba&"& &"nce the )h"$"**"ne O'er&ea&Em*$!%ment A/enc% @)OEA Stan#ar# C!ntract !( Em*$!%ment @)OEA SCE,the /!'ern"n/ $a beteen the *art"e&, #!e& n!t *r!'"#e (!r &-ch a /rant ;hatSect"!n 8, *ara/ra*h @5 !( the )OEA SCE *r!'"#e& "& that *a%ment (!r "n-r%,"$$ne&&, "nca*ac"t%, #"&ab"$"t%, !r #eath !( the &ea(arer c!'er& a$$ c$a"m& ar"&"n/(r!m !r "n re$at"!n "th !r "n the c!-r&e !( the &ea(arer& em*$!%ment, "nc$-#"n/b-t n!t $"m"te# t! #ama/e& ar"&"n/ (r!m the c!ntract, t!rt, (a-$t !r ne/$"/ence-n#er the $a& !( the )h"$"**"ne& !r an% !ther c!-ntr% The *ermanent #"&ab"$"t%c!m*en&at"!n !( S6, c$ear$% am!-nt& t! rea&!nab$e c!m*en&at"!n (!r the

"n-r"e& an# $!&& !( earn"n/ ca*ac"t% !( the &ea(arer

In aar#"n/ #ama/e& (!r $!&& !( earn"n/ ca*ac"t%, the Lab!r Arb"ter re$"e& !n ther-$"n/& "n V"$$a Re% Tran&"t ' C!-rt !( A**ea$& an# Ba$"a/ Tran&"t, Inc ' C!-rt!( A**ea$& B-t the&e ca&e& "n'!$'e e&&ent"a$$% c$a"m& (!r #ama/e& ar"&"n/ (r!m.-a&">#e$"ct The *re&ent ca&e, !n the !ther han#, "n'!$'e& a c$a"m (!r #"&ab"$"t%bene("t& -n#er Ch"n& c!ntract !( em*$!%ment an# the /!'ern"n/ )OEA &et&tan#ar#& !( rec!'er% The $!n/>&tan#"n/ r-$e "& that $!&& !( earn"n/ "&rec!'erab$e "( the act"!n "& ba&e# !n the .-a&">#e$"ct *r!'"&"!n !( Art"c$e 886 !( the C"'"$ C!#e

81S-n/a ' V"r/en Sh"**"n/ C!r*

FACTS:On G-$% 14 86, V"ren Sh"**"n/ C!r*!rat"!n @V"ren, act"n/ "n beha$( !( "t&(!re"/n *r"nc"*a$, +"&&h! O#%&&e% Sh"* Mana/ement )te Lt#, entere# "nt! ac!ntract !( em*$!%ment "th S-n/a n#er the c!ntract, S-n/a !-$# be !r0"n/a& a ("tter !n b!ar# the !cean>/!"n/ 'e&&e$ MT S-na% (!r n"ne @9 m!nth& !n am!nth$% &a$ar% !( S 668

A& a re/"&tere# member !( the A&&!c"ate# Mar"ne O(("cer&< an# Seamen


39/71

*a"n became m!re "nten&e a& the #a%& *r!/re&&e#, thereb% *r!m*t"n/ h"m t!re.-e&t (!r re*atr"at"!n The re.-e&t a& /rante# !n A*r"$ 8, 874

On A*r"$ 87, 87, S-n/a re*!rte# t! V"ren#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an, r+"c!me#e& 5 Cr-3 @r Cr-3, (!r me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n The #!ct!r "n&tr-cte#

h"m t! -n#er/! Ma/net"c Re&!nance Ima/"n/ @MRI !( h"& $-mb!&acra$ &*"neThe MRI


40/71

c!m*en&ab$e, the #"&ab"$"t% &h!-$# be the re&-$t !( an acc"#ent "nc-rre# #-r"n/the c!-r&e !( the &ea(arer


41/71

88M C!n&-n" ' CA

FACTS: At ar!-n# 1: *m, +!'ember 8, 199, G!&e G-e/!, a c!n&tr-ct"!n !r0er !( M C!n&-n", Inc, (e$$ 14 ($!!r& (r!m the Rena"&&ance T!er, )a&"/ C"t% t! h"&

#eath )O R!/e$"! V"$$an-e'a !( the Ea&tern )!$"ce "&tr"ct "n'e&t"/ate# thetra/e#% an# ("$e# a re*!rt #ate# +!'ember 8, 199, &tat"n/ that '"ct"m a&r-&he# t! the R"3a$ Me#"ca$ Center "n )a&"/, Metr! Man"$a here he a&*r!n!-nce# #ea# !n arr"'a$ @OA b% the atten#"n/ *h%&"c"an, r Err!$ #e =3!,at ar!-n# 8:1 *m !( the &ame #ate In'e&t"/at"!n #"&c$!&e# that at the /"'ent"me, #ate an# *$ace, h"$e '"ct"m G!&e A G-e/! t!/ether "th Ge&&"e Ga$-a/ an#e$&! e&ta! ereP *er(!rm"n/ the"r !r0 a& car*enter&P at the e$e'at!r c!re !( the 14th ($!!r !( the T!er , Rena"&&ance T!er B-"$#"n/ !n b!ar# a *$at(!rmma#e !( channe$ beam @&tee$ mea&-r"n/ 42 meter& b% 8 meter& "#e "th*"n-$"# *$%!!# ($!!r"n/ an# cab$e "re& attache# t! "t& (!-r c!rner& an# h!!0e#at the t!n cha"n b$!c0, hen &-##en$%, the b!$t !r *"n h"ch a& mere$%

"n&erte# t! c!nnect the cha"n b$!c0 "th the *$at(!rm, /!t $!!&e ca-&"n/ theh!$e *$at(!rm a&&emb$% an# the '"ct"m t! (a$$ #!n t! the ba&ement !( thee$e'at!r c!re, T!er !( the b-"$#"n/ -n#er c!n&tr-ct"!n thereb% cr-&h"n/ the'"ct"m t! #eath, &a'e h"& t! @8 c!m*an"!n& h! $-c0"$% -m*e# !-t (!r &a(et% It"& th-& man"(e&t that G!&e A G-e/! a& cr-&he# t! #eath hen the *$at(!rm hea& then !n b!ar# an# *er(!rm"n/ !r0, (e$$ An# the (a$$"n/ !( the *$at(!rm a&#-e t! the rem!'a$ !r /ett"n/ $!!&e !( the *"n h"ch a& mere$% "n&erte# t! thec!nnect"n/ *!"nt& !( the cha"n b$!c0 an# *$at(!rm b-t "th!-t a &a(et% $!c0 OnMa% 9, 1991, G!&e G-e/!


42/71

c!ntr!$ !( the *er&!n char/e# "th ne/$"/enceH an# @ the "n-r% &-((ere# m-&tn!t ha'e been #-e t! an% '!$-ntar% act"!n !r c!ntr"b-t"!n !n the *art !( the*er&!n "n-re# A**$%"n/ "n the ca&e at bar, a$$ the re.-"&"te& (!r the a**$"cat"!n !( the r-$e !( re& "*&a $!.-"t-r are *re&ent F"r&t, n! !r0er "& /!"n/ t! (a$$ (r!m the14th ($!!r !( a b-"$#"n/ t! the ba&ement h"$e *er(!rm"n/ !r0 "n a c!n&tr-ct"!n

&"te -n$e&& &!me!ne "& ne/$"/ent Sec!n#, the c!n&tr-ct"!n &"te "th a$$ "t&*ara*herna$"a an# h-man re&!-rce& that $"0e$% ca-&e# the "n-r% "& -n#er theec$-&"'e c!ntr!$ an# mana/ement !( *et"t"!ner Th"r#, n! c!ntr"b-t!r%ne/$"/ence a& attr"b-te# t! the *r"'ate re&*!n#ent( %)0&* (* 9 *"(0/=)(&? C0)$(&%*#0& A* 0/ *0 $/0(*( %& 0/#&%/ #v#+ %*#0&%'%#&* *"( *0/*(%0/ 0/ "#'"(/ %)%'( 9* "( %&&0* $/( 90*"0/( 0 %*#0& #)+*%&(0+ *"( C0/* /(0',( *"%* % +%#)%&* "0"% 9((& $%# &(/ *"( A* 0+ *#++ ( &(/ *"( C#v#+ C0( # #* %++&(/ *"( (>($*#0&. T"( (>($*#0& # "(/( % +%#)%&* "0 "% %+/(%9((& $%# &(/ *"( 0/=)(&? C0)$(&%*#0& A* )% *#++ ( 0/ %)%'( &(/ *"( C#v#+ C0( 0& *"( 9%# 0 $(/v(&' %*: 0/ (v(+0$)(&* 0//#&' %*(/ "( 0$*( 0/ *"( #/* /()(. T"( C0/* /+(*"%* $/#v%*( /($0&(&*? %( %)( &(/ *"( (>($*#0& 9(%( $/#v%*(/($0&(&* % &%%/( 0 $(*#*#0&(/? &('+#'(&( "(& "( #+( "(/ +%#) 0/ (%*" 9(&(#* /0) *"( S*%*( I&/%&( F&. P/#v%*( /($0&(&*#+( *"( #v#+ 0)$+%#&* 0/ %)%'( %*(/ "( /((#v( % 0$ 0 *"( $0+#(#&v(*#'%*#0& /($0/* %& *"( P/0(*0/? M()0/%&) #)##&' *"(/#)#&%+ 0)$+%#&* %'%#&* $(*#*#0&(/? $(/0&&(+. "#+( *%*#&' *"%* *"(/(% &0 &('+#'(&( %**/#9*%9+( *0 *"( /($0&(&* #& *"( 0)$+%#&* *"($/0(*0/ &(v(/*"(+( &0*( #& *"( M()0/%&) *"%* @# %* %++ *"(@%( # #v#+ #& &%*/(N


43/71

The ec"&"!n !( the C!-rt !( A**ea$& "& AFFIRME !e'er, the ca&e "&REMA+E t! the RTC t! #eterm"ne hether the aar# #ecree# "n "t& #ec"&"!n"& m!re than that !( the ECC Sh!-$# the aar# #ecree# b% the tr"a$ c!-rt be/reater than that aar#e# b% the ECC, *a%ment& a$rea#% ma#e t! *r"'atere&*!n#ent *-r&-ant t! the Lab!r C!#e &ha$$ be #e#-cte# there(r!m t! *re'ent

#!-b$e c!m*en&at"!n


44/71

8e"r& !( Late e$("n Cr-3 ' )h"$ Tran&mar"ne Carr"er

FACTS:e$("n e$a Cr-3 @C a& c!ntracte# a& an !"$er b% )h"$"**"ne Tran&mar"ne@)h"$ Tran&, a $!ca$ mann"n/ a/ent (!r an# "n beha$( !( the $atter& *r"nc"*a$, Tect!

Be$/"-m (!r a #-rat"!n !( 9 m!nth&, !r0"n/ 44 h!-r& a ee0 "th a &a$ar% !( ?m! an# !'ert"me *a% (!r 892?m!

A(ter -n#er/!"n/ a )re>Em*$!%ment Me#"ca$ Eam"nat"!n an# a& #ec$are# ("t(!r &ea &er'"ce, C embar0e# the 'e&&e$ La#% "$#e !n A-/-&t 17, 8 ;h"$e!n b!ar#, he (e$t /ra#-a$ che&t *a"n& an# *a"n "n h"& -**er ab#!m"na$ re/"!n On86 G-ne 81, h"$e *er(!rm"n/ h"& re/-$ar #-t"e&, he a& h"t b% a meta$ b!ar#!n h"& bac0 e, therea(ter, re.-e&te# me#"ca$ attent"!n an# a& /"'enme#"cat"!n& an# a#'"&e# t! be /"'en $"/ht #-t"e& (!r the re&t !( the ee0 *!nthe 'e&&e$em*$!%ment me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n

The LA r-$e# "n (a'!r !( CH!*"ne# that e$("n c!ntracte# h"& "$$ne&& #-r"n/ the*er"!# !( h"& em*$!%ment "th re&*!n#ent& an# that &-ch "$$ne&& "& ac!m*en&ab$e !cc-*at"!na$ #"&ea&e

On a**ea$, the +LRC, (!-n# e$("n


45/71

c!n#"t"!n&

!e'er, the CA r-$e# that e$("nre$ate# ISSUE:;hether e$("n "& ent"t$e# t! *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& an# &"c0ne&&a$$!anceJ

HELD:The *et"t"!n $ac0& mer"t )et"t"!ner& are &0* (&*#*+( t! *ermanent #"&ab"$"t%

bene("t& an# &"c0ne&& a$$!ance

%ection 2 5"6 of the 1889 POEA %EC reads as follo.s %EC&'O$ 2! CO#PE$%A&'O$ A$( "E$E)'&%

4 4 4 4 "! CO#PE$%A&'O$ A$( "E$E)'&%)O* '$+*- O* 'LL$E%%&he liabilities of the employer .hen the seafarer suffers inury or illness during the term of his contract are as follo.s1! &he employer shall continue to pay the seafarer his .ages during the time he is on board the vessel:2! 'f the inury or illness re3uires medical and;or dental treatment in a

foreign port, the employer shall be liable for the full cost of suchmedical, serious dental, surgical and hospital treatment as .ell asboard and lodging until the seafarer is declared fit to .or/ or to berepatriated!


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of the seafarer to comply .ith the mandatory reporting re3uirement shall result in his forfeiture of the right to claim the above benefits!>! pon sign0off of the seafarer from the vessel for medical treatment, the employer shall bear the full cost of repatriation in theevent that the seafarer is declared 516 fit for repatriation: or 526 fit to

.or/ but the employer is unable to find employment for the seafarer on board his former vessel or another vessel of the employer despiteearnest efforts!?! 'n case of permanent total or partial disability of the seafarer during the term of employment caused by either inury or illness, theseafarer shall be compensated in accordance .ith the schedule of benefits enumerated in %ection = of his Contract! Computation of his benefits arising from an illness or disease shall be governed by the rates and the rules of compensation applicable at the time theillness or disease .as contracted! 5Emphasis supplied6

The 1996 )OEA SEC c$ear$% *r!'"#e& that a &ea(arer m-&t &-bm"t h"m&e$( t! a*!&t>em*$!%ment me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n "th"n three #a%& (r!m h"& arr"'a$ "n the)h"$"**"ne& @man#at!r% re*!rt"n/ re.-"rement &! that h"& c$a"m (!r #"&ab"$"t% an#&"c0ne&& a$$!ance can *r!&*er89 The !n$% ece*t"!n t! th"& r-$e "& hen the&ea(arer "& *h%&"ca$$% "n ca*ac"tate# t! #! &!, b-t there m-&t be a r"tten n!t"cet! the a/enc% "th"n the &ame *er"!# !( three #a%& (!r the &eaman t! bec!n&"#ere# t! ha'e c!m*$"e# "th the re.-"rement

n(!rt-nate$% "n th"& ca&e, *et"t"!ner& (a"$e# t! &h! the &te*& &-**!&e#$%-n#erta0en b% e$("n t! c!m*$% "th the man#at!r% re*!rt"n/ re.-"rement T! theC!-rt


47/71

The me#"ca$ cert"("cate *erta"n& t! a b$! !n e$("nra% an# MRI(!r h"ch he c$a"me# c!m*en&at"!n *erta"n& t! a #"((erent *!rt"!n !( h"& b!#%, "e,a (ract-re "n !ne !( h"& r"b& Be&"#e&, "( "n#ee# there "& tr-th t! *et"t"!ner&<

a&&ert"!n that e$("n c!nt"n-e# t! e*er"ence *a"n a(ter he a& h"t b% a meta$b!ar# !n h"& bac0, then h% #"# he n!t re.-e&t (!r rea&&e&&ment a& a#'"&e# !r &-bm"t h"m&e$( t! the man#at!r% re*!rt"n/ re.-"rement a(ter he a& re*atr"ate#J;hat "& /$ar"n/ "n&tea# "& that a/a"n&t a$$ the&e, *et"t"!ner& !n$% !((ere# the"r barea$$e/at"!n that e$("nan#>!(( *a"n e'en *r"!r t! the G-ne86, 81 "nc"#ent, there e"&t& n! rec!r# there!( On the c!ntrar%, e$("n h"m&e$( c$a"me# that #e&*"te the *a"n, he Drema"ne# ca$m an# -nb!there# b% the &ameD

A& a ("na$ n!te, "t m-&t be ment"!ne# that the C!-rt re&*ect& an# -*h!$#& the*r"nc"*$e !( $"bera$"t% "n c!n&tr-"n/ the )OEA>SEC "n (a'!r !( the &ea(arer

+!nethe$e&&, "t cann!t /rant c$a"m& (!r c!m*en&at"!n ba&e# !n merec!nect-re&


48/71

84Be$ Chem )h"$ Inc ' Wa(ra

FACTS:Wa(ra a& h"re# a& a "*erN b% Be$chem, thr!-/h "t& $!ca$ mann"n/ a/ent )L,(!r a *er"!# !( (!-r @4 m!nth& -n#er a #-$% a**r!'e# c!ntract !( em*$!%ment

Rec!r#& re'ea$ that !n G-$% 17, 89, Wa(ra b!ar#e# MT Chemtran& a'e$ an#h"$e !nb!ar#, he &-&ta"ne# "n-r"e& !n h"& $e(t 0nee a(ter h"tt"n/ the ($!!r !n h"&a% t! the &h"*& en/"ne r!!m t! chec0 (!r $ea0&H he a& a#'"&e# t! -n#er/! >ra% eam"nat"!n an# a& re*attr"ate# (!r (-rther me#"ca$ treatment "n the)h"$"**""ne& *!n h"& arr"'a$, he "mme#"ate$% re*!rte# t! the )L !(("ce an# a&&ent t! the *et"t"!ner#a% treatment *er"!#, the atten#"n/ #!ct!r,;"$$"am Ch-a&-an, Gr @r Ch-a&-an, Gr, r!te a $etter t! r L"m &tat"n/ thatthe &-//e&te# #"&ab"$"t% /ra#"n/ !( Wa(ra


49/71

HELD:+! The r-$"n/& !( the +LRC an# CA "& hereb% a#!*te#

Wa(ra c!nten#e# that h"& ent"t$ement t! (-$$#"&ab"$"t% bene("t& a& "n acc!r# "ththe (!$$!"n/ (act&:1 The *et"t"!ner& #"# n!t #ec$are h"& ("tne&& t! !r0 !r the

e"&tence !( h"& *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% "th"n the 84>#a% *er"!#

8 The *et"t"!ner&< me#"ca$ rec!r#& !( h"& c!n#"t"!n ha'e &h!n t! ha'e rema"ne#the &ame (r!m the t"me he &-&ta"ne# h"& "n-r% -nt"$ A-/-&t 8, 81

e rema"n& -nem*$!%e# (r!m the t"me !( h"& re*atr"at"!n an# "& -nab$e t!*er(!rm the &ame *h%&"ca$ act"'"t"e& he a& ab$e t! #! *r"!r t! h"& "n-r%

There "& n! #"&*-te that Wa(ra ha& been &-((er"n/ *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% beca-&ehe ha& rema"ne# -nab$e t! re&-me &ea #-t"e& a(ter the $a*&e !( the 84>#a%*er"!# The #"&*-te "& &"m*$% hether &-ch *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% "& *art"a$ !r t!ta$

"n character I( the *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% "& *art"a$, then Wa(ra &ha$$ be ent"t$e# t!S,97 !n$%, the am!-nt c!rre&*!n#"n/ t! the a&&e&&e# 5ra#e 1 #"&ab"$"t%*-r&-ant t! the &che#-$e *r!'"#e# "n the )OEA> SEC I( "t "& t!ta$, Wa(ra &ha$$rece"'e the ma"m-m S6, a& c!m*en&at"!n

The C!-rt ha& re"terate# "n man% ca&e& that t!ta$ *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% mean& the#"&ab$ement !( an em*$!%ee t! earn a/e& "n the &ame 0"n# !( !r0 that he a&tra"ne# (!r, !r acc-&t!me# t! *er(!rm, !r an% 0"n# !( !r0 h"ch a *er&!n !( h"&menta$"t% an# atta"nment& c!-$# #! It #!e& n!t mean ab&!$-te he$*$e&&ne&& In#"&ab"$"t% c!m*en&at"!n, "t "& n!t the "n-r% h"ch "& c!m*en&ate#, b-t rather "t "&the "nca*ac"t% t! !r0 re&-$t"n/ "n the "m*a"rment !( !ne& earn"n/ ca*ac"t%

)art"a$ #"&ab"$"t%, !n the !ne han#, "& hen the em*$!%ee &-((er& a *ermanent*art"a$ $!&& !( the -&e !( an% *art !( h"& b!#% a& a re&-$t !( the "n-r% !r &"c0ne&&I& Vicente v. Employees Compensation Commission *"( C0/* +%# 0&*"( +#*) *(* %& #*#&*#0& 9(*((& P(/)%&(&* T0*%+ D#%9#+#* %&P(/)%&(&* P%/*#%+ D#%9#+#* *0 #*:

"#+( $(/)%&(&* *0*%+ #%9#+#* #&v%/#%9+ /(+* #& %&()$+0((? +0 0 0/= 0/ #&%9#+#* *0 $(/0/) "# %+ 0/=$(/)%&(&* $%/*#%+ #%9#+#* 0& *"( 0*"(/ "%& 0/ "(& %&()$+0(( +0( *"( ( 0 %& $%/*#+%/ %&%*0)#%+ $%/* 0 "#90 "#" #%9+( "#) *0 0&*#&( #*" "# 0/)(/ 0/=. S*%*(0*"(/#( *"( *(* 0 "(*"(/ 0/ &0* %& ()$+0(( (/ /0)$(/)%&(&* *0*%+ #%9#+#* # % "0#&' 0 *"( %$%#* 0 *"(()$+0(( *0 0&*#&( $(/0/)#&' "# 0/= &0*#*"*%&#&' *"(#%9#+#* "( #&//(. T" # 9 /(%0& 0 *"( #&/ 0/ #=&("( *%#&( *"( ()$+0(( # &%9+( *0 $(/0/) "# *0)%/

09 0/ )0/( *"%& 12! 0/ 24! % %& "( 0( &0* 0)( #*"#&*"( 0v(/%'( 0 R+( 0 *"( A)(&( R+( 0& E)$+0((


50/71

C0)$(&%9#+#* ;"#" #& % )0/( (*%#+( )%&&(/ (/#9("%* 0&*#**( *()$0/%/ *0*%+ #%9#+#*#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an, a& "( the $etter a& r"tten h"$e the *r!ce&& !( e'a$-at"!na& &t"$$ be"n/ c!m*$ete# T! &tre&&, Sect"!n 8 @B@ !( the )OEA>SEC re.-"re&the #ec$arat"!n !( ("t t! !r0 !r the #e/ree !( *ermanent #"&ab"$"t% b% thec!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an an# n!t b% an%!ne e$&e1 ere, "t a& !n$% rCh-a&-an, Gr h! &"/ne# the &-//e&te# a&&e&&ment, a##re&&"n/ the $etter &!$e$% t! r L"m, the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an Ta0en "n th"& c!ntet, n!a&&e&&ment, #e("n"t"'e "n character, (r!m the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an#a% *er"!#, "t !-$# be "$$!/"ca$ t! #ec$are h"ma& mere$% *ermanent$%, *art"a$$% #"&ab$e# T! re"terate, *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t% e"&t& !n$%"( a &ea(arer "& (!-n# ca*ab$e !( re&-m"n/ &ea #-t"e& "th"n the 18?84 *er"!#ere, there a& n! &-ch ("n#"n/ Th-&, the *et"t"!ner&< c$a"m that Wa(ra !n$%&-((ere# a *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t% ha& -n#!-bte#$% n! ba&"& !n rec!r# I( at a$$, the ba&"&a& n!t &tr!n/ en!-/h t! mer"t "t& a(("rmat"!n b% the +LRC an# the CA

Ver"$%, there "& n! .-e&t"!n that Wa(ra ha& rema"ne# "n a &tate !( #"&ab"$"t% that ha&bec!me *ermanent an# t!ta$ c!n&"#er"n/ that n! cert"("cat"!n, c!m*$"ant "th the)OEA>SEC an# the Lab!r C!#e, a& "&&-e# "th"n the 18?84>#a% *er"!#


51/71

8Ca/at"n ' Ma/&a%&a%


52/71

NORMILITO R. CAGATIN v. MAGSASA MARITIME CORPORATION %&C.S.C.S. INTERNATIONAL NV

F%*:

On March 16, 81, re&*!n#ent Ma/&a%&a% Mar"t"me C!r*!rat"!n em*$!%e#*et"t"!ner +!rm"$"t! R Ca/at"n "n beha$( !( "t& (!re"/n *r"nc"*a$, CSCSInternat"!na$ +V (!r the *!&"t"!n !( Cab"n Stear# !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$ C!&ta

At$ant"ca, -n#er a c!ntract !( Em*$!%ment (!r a *er"!# !( 7 m!nth& an# "th aba&"c &a$ar% !( 892 *er m!nth

On A*r"$ 84, 81, *et"t"!ner &tarte# !r0"n/ at the &h"* !( C!&ta At$ant"ca!e'er, !n Ma% 87, 81 he a& a&&"/ne# t! !r0 at an!ther &h"*, C!&taTr!*"ca$e, h"ch a& !n #r%#!c0 There, he *er(!rme# ta&0& &-ch a& c$ean"n/the &h"* an# $"(t"n/ !bect& $"0e (-rn"t-re, &tee$ 'a-$t& an# !ther& (!r a$m!&t 8m!nth& A(ter the &h"* ha# &a"$e#, *et"t"!ner &tarte# *er(!rm"n/ h"& !(("c"a$ #-t% a&

Cab"n Stear# an# #-r"n/ h"ch he (e$t a crac0$eN !r a &$"* "n h"& bac0 !r &*"na$b!ne, h"ch a& (!$$!e# b% an "nten&e *a"n "n h"& $!er bac0 e a& br!-/htt! the c$"n"c an# a& /"'en &h!t& !( a *a"n0"$$er (!r ab!-t three #a%& be(!re here&-me# !r0

*!n #"&embar0at"!n "n Ita$%, he -n#erent a me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n an# >ra%*r!ce#-re an# &-b&e.-ent$% t!$# b% the #!ct!r that he c!-$# n! $!n/er c!nt"n-e!r0"n/ "n the 'e&&e$

On A-/-&t 1, 81 -*!n ret-rn t! the )h"$"**"ne&, *et"t"!ner "mme#"ate$% ent thec!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an r +"c!#eme& Cr-3 e -n#erent an MRI !(

&*"ne an# the ("n#"n/ a& he ha# a &ma$$ centra$ #"&c *r!tr-&"!n "th ann-$ar ("&&-re (!rm-$at"!nN r Cr-3 re(erre# the *et"t"!ner t! &*ec"a$"&t& h"$e c!nt"n-"n/treat"n/ the *et"t"!ner

On Gan-ar% 1, 88, -*!n *et"t"!ner a& &-becte# t! an!ther te&t an# r Cr-3re*!rte# that the re&-$t& !( h"& te&t a& n!rma$ r Cr-3 (-rther re*!rte# that the*et"t"!ner ha& n! $! bac0 *a"n an# ran/e !( m!t"!n !( h"& tr-n0 "& (-$$ an# ha&"m*r!'e# t!$erance t! *r!$!n/e# &"tt"n/, &tan#"n/ an# a$0"n/ an# $"(t"n/ ca*ac"t%ha& "m*r!'e# t! 40"$!& B-t, *et"t"!ner a& a#'"&e# t! c!nt"n-e *h%&"ca$ an#!cc-*at"!na$ thera*% an# t! ret-rn !n Gan-ar% 12, 88

)et"t"!ner ret-rne# !n Gan-ar% 1, 88 an# r Cr-3 eec-te# an a(("#a'"t#ec$ar"n/ *et"t"!ner a& ("t t! !r0

On A-/-&t 6, 88 @a$m!&t 7 m!nth& $ater, *et"t"!ner ent t! an!ther *h%&"c"anr Enr".-e C!$$ante&, Gr, (!r an!ther !*"n"!n r C!$$ante& #ec$are# that*et"t"!ner a& n! $!n/er ("t t! !r0 at &eaN an# /a'e *et"t"!ner a #"&ab"$"t%/ra#"n/ !( 2 @9 (!r h"& "n-r% The ("n#"n/ c!ntra#"ct& r Cr-3


53/71

)et"t"!ner ("$e# h"& c$a"m be(!re the +LRC c$a"m"n/ (!r "&ab"$"t% Bene("t& an##ama/e& (r!m re&*!n#ent&

LA *r!m-$/ate# a #ec"&"!n "n (a'!r !( *et"t"!ner an# !r#ere# re&*!n#ent t! *a%h"& #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& LA (!-n# that r Cr-3#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an& arenece&&ar% (!r h"& c$a"m& t! be &-&ta"ne#


54/71

86One Sh"**"n/ C!r* ' )ena("$


55/71

ONE SHIPPING CORP. %&0/ ONE SHIPPING ABUSHII AISHAAPANv. IMELDA C. PENAFIEL

F%*:Re&*!n#ent "& the "(e !( the $ate I$#e(!n&! S )e("a("e$ h! a& h"re# b%

*et"t"!ner, One Sh"**"n/ C!r*, a& Sec!n# En/"neer !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$ MV I AC Ma/n!$"a "th a m!nth$% ba&"c &a$ar% !( S1,18 (!r a #-rat"!n !( 18m!nth& I$#e(!n&! b!ar#e# the 'e&&e$ !n A-/-&t 89, 84 an# #"e# !n G-$% 8,8Re&*!n#ent a$$e/e# that h"$e I$#e(!n&! a& *er(!rm"n/ h"& ta&0 !n b!ar#, the$atter (e$t a thr!bb"n/ *a"n "n h"& che&t an# &h!rten"n/ !( breath, a& "( he a&ab!-t t! (a$$ Th"n0"n/ that the &ame a& #-e t! hea'% !r0$!a#, he t!!0 a re&tLater !n he "n(!rme# h"& &-*er'"&!r ab!-t the *a"n b-t the $atter "/n!re# h"m OnMa% 81, 8, I$#e(!n&! #"&embar0e# (r!m the 'e&&e$ an# ret-rne# t! the)h"$"**"ne& !n the &ame #a% *!n arr"'a$ I$#e(!n&! re*!rte# t! the *et"t"!nerem*$!%ment me#"ca$ eam"nat"!n atthe )M) "a/n!&t"c Center, Inc !n G-$% 8, 8 !e'er, a(ter a$$e/e#$%c!m*$et"n/ the me#"ca$ an# $ab!rat!r% eam"nat"!n&, I$#e(!n&! c!$$a*&e# an#a& "mme#"ate$% br!-/ht t! the )h"$"**"ne 5enera$ !&*"ta$ at 8: *m !( the&ame #a% #-e t! m%!car#"a$ "n(arct"!n A& a re&-$t, re&*!n#ent a&&ert& that &heca$$e# -* *et"t"!ner mann"n/ a/enc% an# t!$# them ab!-t the "nc"#ent h!*"n/ that&he !-$# be /"'en the nece&&ar% bene("t&)et"t"!ner& a#m"tte# that the% c!ntracte# the &er'"ce& !( the $ate I$#e(!n&!,h!e'er, the% #en"e# an% $"ab"$"t% (!r the c$a"m& !( the re&*!n#ent (!r I$#e(!n&!#"e# !n G-$% 8, 8 an# he a& n! $!n/er an em*$!%ee !( the *et"t"!ner& a& he'!$-ntar"$% term"nate# h"& em*$!%ment c!ntract "th the *et"t"!ner& !n A*r"$ 9,8The Lab!r Arb"ter @LA #"&m"&&e# the c!m*$a"nt (!r $ac0 !( mer"t On a**ea$, the+at"!na$ Lab!r Re$at"!n& C!mm"&&"!n @+LRC a(("rme# the #ec"&"!n !( the LARe&*!n#ent ("$e# a *et"t"!n be(!re the C!-rt !( A**ea$& CA /rante# her *et"t"!nre'er&"n/ the r-$"n/ !( the +LRCI(:;hether !r n!t the #eath !( re&*!n#ent


56/71

#eath c!m*en&at"!n bene("t& F-rtherm!re, there "& n! e'"#ence &h!"n/ thatI$#e(!n&! ac.-"re# h"& "$$ne&& #-r"n/ the term !( h"& em*$!%ment


57/71

87M!nter! ' R"c0mer& Mar"ne A/enc% )h"$&


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NORIEL R. MONTIERRO v. RICMERS MARINE AGENC PHILS. INC.F%*:R"c0mer& Mar"ne A/enc% )h"$&, Inc !n beha$( !( "t& (!re"/n *r"nc"*a$, 5$!ba$Mana/ement L"m"te#, h"re# *et"t"!ner +!r"e$ M!nt"err! a& Or#"nar% Seaman "tha ba&"c m!nth$% &a$ar% !( S48 +!r"e$ a& a&&"/ne# t! !r0 !n b!ar# the

'e&&e$ MIV CSAV Mare&"a&S!met"me "n Ma% 81, h"$e !n b!ar# the 'e&&e$ an# /!"n/ #!n the crane$a##er, M!nt"err! $!&t h"& ba$ance an# t"&te# h"& $e/&, th-& "n-r"n/ h"& r"/ht0nee Therea(ter, !n Ma% 1, 81, he a& eam"ne# "n L"'!rn!, S*a"n b% rR!bert! Sant"n", h! rec!mmen#e# &-r/"ca$ treatment at h!me an# (!-n# h"m-n("t (!r #-t% Th-&, !n G-ne 8, 81, M!nt"err! a& re*atr"ate# t! the )h"$"**"ne&(!r (-rther me#"ca$ treatmentOn G-ne 4, 81, t! #a%& a(ter h"& re*atr"at"!n, M!nt"err! a& eam"ne# b% r+ata$"! 5 A$e/re, the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an e -n#erent a ma/net"cre&!nance "ma/"n/ @MRI &can !( h"& r"/ht 0nee The MRI &h!e# he ha#men"&ca$ tear, *!&ter"!r h!rn !( the me#"ca$ men"&c-&, an# m"n"ma$ !"nt ($-"#N

*!n rec!mmen#at"!n !( r A$e/re, M!nt"err! -n#erent &-r/er% !n h"& r"/ht0nee !n G-$% 89, 81 at St L-0e#a% r-$e "ntr!#-ce "n the 8ca&e Cr%&ta$ Sh"**"n/, Inc ' +at"'"#a#, here "n the c!-rt e.-ate& the "nab"$"t%!( the &ea(arer t! *er(!rm !r0 (!r m!re than 18 #a%& *ermanent t!ta$ #"&ab"$"t%,h"ch ent"t$e& a &ea(arer t! (-$$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& The LA aar#e# a$&! the !ne>m!nth &"c0ne&& a$$!ance an# the att!rne%m!nth &"c0ne&& a$$!ance b-t #!n/ra#e# the *ermanent t!ta$


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#"&ab"$"t% bene("t& t! mere$% 5ra#e 1N *ermanent *art"a$ #"&ab"$"t% bene("t& Att!rne%#a% r-$e e&tab$"&he# b% the 82 ca&e

Ver/ara ' amm!n"a Mar"t"me Ser'"ce&, Inc Ver/ara ca&e eten#& the

*er"!# t! 84 #a%& hen, "th"n the ("r&t 18>#a% *er"!# @rec0!ne# (r!m

the 1&t #a% !( treatment, a ("na$ a&&e&&ment cann!t be ma#e beca-&e the

&ea(arer re.-"re& (-rther me#"ca$ attent"!n, *r!'"#e# a #ec$arat"!n ha&

been ma#e t! th"& e((ect It c$a"me# (-rther that, "n the ca&e at bar, r

A$e/re "&&-e# an "nter"m#"&ab"$"t% /ra#e !( 1 !n Se*tember , 81,

h"ch a& "th"n the 18 #a%>*er"!#H an#8 A& -r"&*r-#ent"a$ r-$e, "n ca&e !( c!n($"ct, "t "& the rec!mmen#at"!n "&&-e#

b% the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an that *re'a"$& !'er therec!mmen#at"!n !( the c$a"mant#a% r-$e a**$"e& an# "( "t ("$e#

Oct!ber 6, 82 !nar#&, the 84 #a% r-$e a**$"e& In the ca&e at bar,

*et"t"!ner ("$e# h"& c!m*$a"nt !n ecember , 81, th-& the 84>#a% r-$e

a**$"e& The eten&"!n t! 84>#a%& "& (-rther -&t"("e# b% the "&&-ance !(

the c!m*an% #!ct!r, r A$e/re !( an "nter"m#"&ab"$"t% /ra#e 1N !n

Se*tember , 81 h"ch "& "th"n the 18>#a% *er"!# CA r-$"n/ "&

c!rrect8 F!r (a"$-re !( the *et"t"!ner t! !b&er'e *r!ce#-re, the a&&e&&ment !( the

c!m*an% #!ct!r &h!-$# *re'a"$ Ver/ara r-$"n/ a$&! &ett$e# the .-e&t"!n

h! the c!n($"ct beteen t! #"&ab"$"t% a&&e&&ment& the a&&e&&ment !(

the c!m*an% #e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an an# that !( the &ea(arerSEC *r!'"#e& (!r the *r!ce#-re t! be (!$$!e# (!r

the #eterm"nat"!n !( the !( the $"ab"$"t% (!r the !r0>re$ate# #eath, "$$ne&& !r

"n-r% "n the ca&e !( !'er&ea& F"$"*"n! &ea(arer& an# the *r!ce#-re "& a&

(!$$!&:


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• ;hen a &ea(arer &-&ta"n& a !r0>re$ate# "$$ne&& !r "n-r% h"$e

!n b!ar# the 'e&&e$, h"& ("tne&& t! !r0 &ha$$ be #eterm"ne# b%

the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an an# the *h%&"c"an ha& 18>

#a%& !r 84 #a%&, "( 'a$"#$% eten#e#, t! ma0e the a&&e&&ment

• I( the *h%&"c"an a**!"nte# b% the &ea(arer #"&a/ree& "th the

a&&e&&ment !( the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an, the

a**!"ntment !( a th"r# #!ct!r ma% be a/ree# !"nt$% beteen the

em*$!%er an# the &ea(arer, h!&e #ec"&"!n &ha$$ be ("na$ an#

b"n#"n/

• )r!ce#-re &h!-$# be &tr"ct$% (!$$!e#, "( n!t a'a"$e# !( !r

(!$$!e# &tr"ct$% b% the &ea(arer, the a&&e&&ment !( the

c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an &tan#&

In the ca&e at bar, *et"t"!ner (a"$e# t! !b&er'e the *r!ce#-re, th-& thea&&e&&ment !( the c!m*an%>#e&"/nate# *h%&"c"an &tan#&


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825ar/a$$! ' !h$e &ea(r!nt Cre"n/ Inc


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SSS La1 SSC ' A3c!te

8/17/2019 LABOR CA

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LABOR CASES,Second Half-2-3 With 25 26 and 27