FILE NO: TCT/MCA
COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY, BHOPALDEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGYLAB MANUAL Programme : BESemester
:IIICourse Code : Civil-305Subject Name : Computer
programming(Java)Prepared By:
Approved By:
Index S.No. Contents
Page No.1. Syllabus
2. List of Experiments /Methods
3. Viva Questions
4. Grading SheetSyllabusCE- 306 Computer Programming
UNIT-I
Basic Java Features - C++ Vs JAVA, JAVA virtual machine,
Constant & Variables, Data
Types, Class, Methods, Objects, Strings and Arrays, Type
Casting, Operators, Precedence
relations, Control Statements, Exception Handling, File and
Streams, Visibility, Constructors,
Operator and Methods Overloading, Static Members, Inheritance:
Polymorphism, Abstract
methods and Classes
UNITII
Java Collective Frame Work - Data Structures: Introduction,
Type-Wrapper Classes for
Primitive Types, Dynamic Memory Allocation, Linked List, Stack,
Queues, Trees,
Generics: Introduction, Overloading Generic Methods, Generic
Classes, Collections: Interface
Collection and Class Collections, Lists, Array List and
Iterator, Linked List, Vector.
Collections Algorithms: Algorithm sorts, Algorithm shuffle,
Algorithms reverse, fill, copy, max
and min Algorithm binary Search, Algorithms add All, Stack Class
of Package java. Util, Class
Priority Queue and Interface Queue, Maps, Properties Class,
Un-modifiable Collections.
UNITIII
Advance Java Features - Multithreading: Thread States,
Priorities and Thread
Scheduling, Life Cycle of a Thread, Thread Synchronization,
Creating and Executing Threads,
Multithreading with GUI, Monitors and Monitor Locks. Networking:
Manipulating URLs, Reading
a file on a Web Server, Socket programming, Security and the
Network, RMI, Networking,
Accessing Databases with JDBC: Relational Database, SQL, MySQL,
Oracle
UNITIV
Advance Java Technologies - Servlets: Overview and Architecture,
Setting Up the
Apache Tomcat Server, Handling HTTP get Requests, Deploying a
web Application, Multitier
Applications, Using JDBC from a Servlet, Java Server Pages
(JSP): Overview, First JSP
Example, Implicit Objects, Scripting, Standard Actions,
Directives, Multimedia: Applets and
Application: Loading, Displaying and Scaling Images, Animating a
Series of Images, Loading
and playing Audio clips
UNITV
Advance Web/Internet Programming (Overview): J2ME, J2EE, EJB,
XML.
References books1. Deitel & Deitel, JAVA, How to Program;
PHI, Pearson.
2. E. Balaguruswamy, Programming In Java; TMH Publications
3. The Complete Reference: Herbert Schildt, TMH
4. Peter Norton, Peter Norton Guide To Java Programming,
Techmedia.
5. Merlin Hughes, et al; Java Network Programming , Manning
Publications/Prentice Hall
List of Program to be perform (Expandable)
1. Write the importance of object oriented programming. Mention
the features of JAVA
2. Write a program to show Concept of CLASS in JAVA
3. Write a program using if else. Statement
4. Write a program showing use of constructor
5. Write a program to show Type Casting in JAVA
6. Write a program to show How Exception Handling is in JAVA7.
Write a program to show Inheritance
8. Write a program to show Polymorphism
9. Write a program to show Interfacing between two classes
10. Write a program to Add a Class to a Package
11. Write a program to demonstrate AWT.
12. Write a program to Hide a Class
13. Write a program to show Data Base Connectivity Using
JAVA
14. Write a program to show HELLO JAVA in Explorer using
Applet
15. Write a program to show Connectivity using JDBC
16. Write a program to demonstrate multithreading using
Java.
17. Write a program to demonstrate applet life cycle.1.Write the
importance of object oriented programming. Mention the features of
JAVA
Java is a programming language created by James Gosling from Sun
Microsystems (Sun) in 1991. The first publicly available version of
Java (Java 1.0) was released in 1995.
Sun Microsystems was acquired by the Oracle Corporation in 2010.
Oracle has now the steermanship for Java.
Over time new enhanced versions of Java have been released. The
current version of Java is Java 1.7 which is also known as Java
7.
From the Java programming language the Java platform evolved.
The Java platform allows software developers to write program code
in other languages than the Java programming language which still
runs on the Java virtual machine. The Java platform is usually
associated with the Java virtual machine and the Java core
libraries.
Java has the following properties:
Platform independent: Java programs use the Java virtual machine
as abstraction and do not access the operating system directly.
This makes Java programs highly portable. A Java program (which is
standard complaint and follows certain rules) can run unmodified on
all supported platforms, e.g., Windows or Linux.
Object-orientated programming language: Except the primitive
data types, all elements in Java are objects.
Strongly-typed programming language: Java is strongly-typed,
e.g., the types of the used variables must be pre-defined and
conversion to other objects is relatively strict, e.g., must be
done in most cases by the programmer.
Interpreted and compiled language: Java source code is
transferred into the bytecode format which does not depend on the
target platform. These bytecode instructions will be interpreted by
the Java Virtual machine (JVM). The JVM contains a so called
Hotspot-Compiler which translates performance critical bytecode
instructions into native code instructions.
Automatic memory management: Java manages the memory allocation
and de-allocation for creating new objects. The program does not
have direct access to the memory. The so-called garbage collector
automatically deletes objects to which no active pointer
exists.
2. Write a program to show Concept of CLASS in JAVA
importjava.util.*;
publicclassDateDemo{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){Dated=newDate();System.out.println("Todaydateis"+d);}}3.Write
a program using SWICTH Statement
importjava.io.*;
publicclassSwitchExample{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{intx,y;BufferedReaderobject=newBufferedReader
(newInputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.println("Entertwonumbersforoperation:");try{x=Integer.parseInt(object.readLine());y=Integer.parseInt(object.readLine());System.out.println("1.Add");System.out.println("2.Subtract");System.out.println("3.Multiply");System.out.println("4.Divide");System.out.println("enteryourchoice:");inta=Integer.parseInt(object.readLine());switch(a){case1:System.out.println("Enterthenumberone="+(x+y));break;case2:System.out.println("Enterthenumbertwo="+(x-y));break;case3:System.out.println("Enetrthenumberthree="+(x*y));break;case4:System.out.println("Enterthenumberfour="+(x/y));break;default:System.out.println("Invalid
Entry!");}}catch(NumberFormatExceptionne){System.out.println(ne.getMessage()+"isnotanumericvalue.");System.exit(0);}
}}4.Write a program showing use of constructor
classanother{intx,y;another(inta,intb){x=a;y=b;}another(){}intarea(){intar=x*y;return(ar);}}publicclassConstruct{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args){anotherb=newanother();b.x=2;b.y=3;System.out.println("Areaofrectangle:"+b.area());System.out.println("Valueofyinanotherclass:"+b.y);anothera=newanother(1,1);System.out.println("Areaofrectangle:"+a.area());System.out.println("Valueofxinanotherclass:"+a.x);}}5.Write
a program to show Type Casting in JAVA //Integer code1public class
CastExample{public static void main(String arg[]){String s=27;int
i=Integer.parseInt(s);System.out.println(i);Float f=99.7f;int
i1=Integer.parseInt(f);}}
//Integer code2public class CastExample{public static void
main(String arg[]){String s=27;int
i=(int)s;System.out.println(i);}}
//Integer to Stringint a=97;String s=Integer.toString(a);
(or)String s=+a;
//Double to StringString s=Double.toString(doublevalue);
//Long to StringString s=Long.toString(longvalue);
//Float to StringString s=Float.toString(floatvalue);
//String to IntegerString s=7;int
i=Integer.valueOf(s).intValue();
(or)int i = Integer.parseInt(s);
//String to Doubledouble a=Double.valueOf(s).doubleValue();
//String to Longlong lng=Long.valueOf(s).longValue();
(or)long lng=Long.parseLong(s);
//String to Floatfloat f=Float.valueOf(s).floatValue();
//Character to Integerchar c=9;int i=(char)c;
//String to CharacterString s=welcome;char c=(char)s;6. Write a
program to show How Exception Handling is in JAVA
importjava.io.*;
publicclassexceptionHandle{publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{try{inta,b;BufferedReaderin=
newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(System.in));a=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());b=Integer.parseInt(in.readLine());}catch(NumberFormatExceptionex){System.out.println(ex.getMessage()
+"isnotanumericvalue.");System.exit(0);}}7. Program that
illustrates inheritance in java using person class
class Person
{
String FirstName;
String LastName;
Person(String fName, String lName)
{
FirstName = fName;
LastName = lName;
}
void Display()
{
System.out.println("First Name : " + FirstName);
System.out.println("Last Name : " + LastName);
}}
class Student extends Person
{
int id;
String standard;
String instructor;
Student(String fName, String lName, int nId, String stnd, String
instr)
{
super(fName,lName);
id = nId;
standard = stnd;
instructor = instr;
}
void Display()
{
super.Display();
System.out.println("ID : " + id);
System.out.println("Standard : " + standard);
System.out.println("Instructor : " + instructor);
}}
class Teacher extends Person
{
String mainSubject;
int salary;
String type; // Primary or Secondary School teacher
Teacher(String fName, String lName,String sub,int slry, String
sType)
{
super(fName,lName);
mainSubject = sub;
salary = slry;
type = sType;
}
void Display()
{
super.Display();
System.out.println("Main Subject : " + mainSubject);
System.out.println("Salary : " + salary);
System.out.println("Type : " + type);
}}
class InheritanceDemo
{
public static void main(String args[])
{
Person pObj = new Person("Rayan","Miller"); Student sObj = new
Student("Jacob","Smith",1,"1 - B","Roma"); Teacher tObj = new
Teacher("Daniel","Martin","English","6000","Primary Teacher");
System.out.println("Person :");
pObj.Display();
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("Student :");
sObj.Display();
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("Teacher :"); tObj.Display();
}
}
8. Polymorpism In Javaclass overLoading {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
functionOverload obj = new functionOverload();
obj.add(1,2);
obj.add(\"Life at \", \"?\");
obj.add(11.5, 22.5);
}
}
class functionOverload {
/*
* void add(int a, int b) // 1 - A method with two parameters
{
*
* int sum = a + b; System.out.println(\"Sum of a+b is
\"+sum);
*
* }
*/
void add(int a, int b, int c) {
int sum = a + b + c;
System.out.println(\"Sum of a+b+c is \"+sum);
}
void add(double a, double b) {
double sum = a + b;
System.out.println(\"Sum of a+b is \"+sum);
}
void add(String s1, String s2)
{
String s = s1 + s2;
System.out.println(s);
}
}
9.Write a program to show Interfacing between two classes
public interface First { public void show_first(); }
public interface Second { public void show_second(); }
public class One {
public void show_one() { System.out.println("Class One"); }
}
public class Two extends One implements First, Second{
public void show_first() { System.out.println("Interface
first"); } public void show_second() {
System.out.println("Interface second"); } public void show_two() {
System.out.println("Class two"); }
}
public class DemoInterface {
public static void main(String a[]) { Two t=new Two();
t.show_first(); t.show_second(); t.show_one(); t.show_two(); }
}
10. Write a program to Add a Class to a Package
1. Package statment (optional).
2. Imports (optional).
3. Class or interface definitions.
// This source file must be Drawing.java in the illustration
directory.
package illustration;import java.awt.*;
public class Drawing {
. . .
}Imports: three options
The JOptionPane class is in the swing package, which is located
in the javax package. The wildcard character (*) is used to specify
that all classes with that package are available to your program.
This is the most common programming style.
import javax.swing.*; // Make all classes visible altho only one
is used.
class ImportTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hi");
System.exit(0);
}}Classes can be specified explicitly on import instead of using
the wildcard character.
import javax.swing.JOptionPane; // Make a single class
visible.
class ImportTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hi");
System.exit(0);
}
}
Alternately we can the fully qualified class name without an
import.
class ImportTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
javax.swing.JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "Hi");
System.exit(0);
}
}11. Write a program to demonstrate AWT.
Create AWT Button Example This java example shows how to create
a Button using AWT Button class. */
import java.applet.Applet; import java.awt.Button;
/* */
public class CreateAWTButtonExample extends Applet{
public void init(){
/* * To create a button use * Button() constructor. */
Button button1 = new Button();
/* * Set button caption or label using * void setLabel(String
text) * method of AWT Button class. */
button1.setLabel("My Button 1");
/* * To create button with the caption use * Button(String text)
constructor of * AWT Button class. */
Button button2 = new Button("My Button 2");
//add buttons using add method add(button1); add(button2); }
}
12. Write a program to Hide a filePath path =
FileSystems.getDefault().getPath("directory", "hidden.txt");Boolean
hidden = path.getAttribute("dos:hidden",
LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);if (hidden != null && !hidden) {
path.setAttribute("dos:hidden", Boolean.TRUE,
LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);}13. Write a program to show Data Base
Connectivity Using JAVA
/STEP 1. Import required packagesimport java.sql.*;public class
FirstExample { // JDBC driver name and database URL static final
String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/EMP"; //
Database credentials static final String USER = "username"; static
final String PASS = "password"; public static void main(String[]
args) { Connection conn = null; Statement stmt = null; try{ //STEP
2: Register JDBC driver Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//STEP 3: Open a connection System.out.println("Connecting to
database..."); conn =
DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL,USER,PASS); //STEP 4: Execute a
query System.out.println("Creating statement..."); stmt =
conn.createStatement(); String sql; sql = "SELECT id, first, last,
age FROM Employees"; ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql); //STEP
5: Extract data from result set while(rs.next()){ //Retrieve by
column name int id = rs.getInt("id"); int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first"); String last =
rs.getString("last"); //Display values System.out.print("ID: " +
id); System.out.print(", Age: " + age); System.out.print(", First:
" + first); System.out.println(", Last: " + last); } //STEP 6:
Clean-up environment rs.close(); stmt.close(); conn.close();
}catch(SQLException se){ //Handle errors for JDBC
se.printStackTrace(); }catch(Exception e){ //Handle errors for
Class.forName e.printStackTrace(); }finally{ //finally block used
to close resources try{ if(stmt!=null) stmt.close();
}catch(SQLException se2){ }// nothing we can do try{ if(conn!=null)
conn.close(); }catch(SQLException se){ se.printStackTrace(); }//end
finally try }//end try System.out.println("Goodbye!");}//end
main}//end FirstExample14. Write a program to show HELLO JAVA in
Explorer using Applet
Create a Java Source File
Create a file named HelloWorld.java with the Java code shown
here:
import java.applet.Applet;
import java.awt.Graphics;
public class HelloWorld extends Applet {
public void paint(Graphics g) {
g.drawString("Hello world!", 50, 25);
}
}
Compile the Source File
If the compilation succeeds, the compiler creates a file named
HelloWorld.class in the same directory (folder) as the Java source
file (HelloWorld.java). This class file contains Java
bytecodes.
If the compilation fails, make sure you typed in and named the
program exactly as shown above. If you can't find the problem, see
Common Compiler and Interpreter Problems.
Create an HTML File that Includes the Applet
Using a text editor, create a file named Hello.html in the same
directory that contains HelloWorld.class. This HTML file should
contain the following text:
A Simple Program
Here is the output of my program:
Run the Applet
To run the applet, you need to load the HTML file into an
application that can run Java applets. This application might be a
Java-compatible browser or another Java applet viewing program,
such as the Applet Viewer provided in the JDK. To load the HTML
file, you usually need to tell the application the URL of the HTML
file you've created. For example, you might enter something like
the following into a browser's URL or Location field:
file:/home/kwalrath/HTML/Hello.html
Once you've successfully completed these steps, you should see
something like this in the browser window:
15. Write a program to show Connectivity using JDBC
package com.java2novice.jdbc;
import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.DriverManager;import
java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;
public class JdbcConnection {
public static void main(String a[]){
try {Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");Connection
con =
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@::","user","password");Statement
stmt = con.createStatement();System.out.println("Created DB
Connection....");} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {// TODO
Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();} catch (SQLException
e) {// TODO Auto-generated catch blocke.printStackTrace();}}}16.
Write a program to demonstrate multithreading using Java.
class MyThread extends Thread{public MyThread(){ super("Using
Thread Class");System.out.println("Child thread : " +
this);start();}public void run(){try{for(int i = 5; i > 0 ;
i--){System.out.println("Child Thread " + i
);Thread.sleep(500);}}catch(InterruptedException
ie){}System.out.println("Exiting Child Thread...");}}
class TestMyThread{public static void main(String
args[]){MyThread a = new MyThread();try{for(int k=5; k > 0 ;
k--){System.out.println("Main Thread " +
k);Thread.sleep(1000);}}catch(InterruptedException
ie1){}System.out.println("Exiting Main Thread...");}
}17. Write a program to demonstrate applet life
cycle.Introduction: Applet is java program that can be embedded
into HTML pages. Java applets runs on the java enables web browsers
such as mozila and internet explorer. Applet is designed to run
remotely on the client browser, so there are some restrictions on
it. Applet can't access system resources on the local computer.
Applets are used to make the web site more dynamic and
entertaining.
Advantages of Applet: Applets are cross platform and can run on
Windows, Mac OS and Linux platform
Applets can work all the version of Java Plugin
Applets runs in a sandbox, so the user does not need to trust
the code, so it can work without security approval
Applets are supported by most web browsers
Applets are cached in most web browsers, so will be quick to
load when returning to a web page User can also have full access to
the machine if user allows
Disadvantages of Java Applet: Java plug-in is required to run
applet
Java applet requires JVM so first time it takes significant
startup time
If applet is not already cached in the machine, it will be
downloaded from internet and will take time
Its difficult to desing and build good user interface in applets
compared to HTML technology All these methods are optional
Life cycle of applet is governed by browser. There are 5 methods
in the life cycle of an applet All these methods are optional
init( ) : Called when the applet is first created, to perform
first-timeinitialization of the appletstart( ): Called every time
the applet moves into sight on the Web browser, to allow the applet
to start up its normal operations (especially those that are shut
off by stop( )). Also called after init( ).paint( ) : Part of the
base class Component (three levels of inheritance up). Called as
part of an update( ) to perform special painting on the canvas of
an applet.stop( ) : Called every time the applet moves out of sight
on the Web browser, to allow the applet to shut off expensive
operations. Also called right before destroy( ).destroy( ): Called
when the applet is being unloaded from the page, to perform final
release of resources when the applet is no longer used
Detailed Explanation:init () method: The life cycle of an applet
is begin on that time when the applet is first loaded into the
browser and called the init() method. The init() method is called
only one time in the life cycle on an applet. The init() method is
basically called to read the PARAM tag in the html file. The init
() method retrieve the passed parameter through the PARAM tag of
html file using get Parameter() method All the initialization such
as initialization of variables and the objects like image, sound
file are loaded in the init () method .After the initialization of
the init() method user can interact with the Applet and mostly
applet contains the init() method.
Start () method: The start method of an applet is called after
the initialization method init(). This method may be called
multiples time when the Applet needs to be started or restarted.
For Example if the user wants to return to the Applet, in this
situation the start Method() of an Applet will be called by the web
browser and the user will be back on the applet. In the start
method user can interact within the applet.
Stop () method: The stop() method can be called multiple times
in the life cycle of applet like the start () method. Or should be
called at least one time. There is only miner difference between
the start() method and stop () method. For example the stop()
method is called by the web browser on that time When the user
leaves one applet to go another applet and the start() method is
called on that time when the user wants to go back into the first
program or Applet.
destroy() method: The destroy() method is called only one time
in the life cycle of Applet like init() method. This method is
called only on that time when the browser needs to Shut down.
Run this applet and view the messages in the console
window.import java.awt.*;import java.applet.Applet;public class
LifeCycle extends Applet{public void init(){showStatus("This is
Init");for(int i=0;i
